基于不对称高斯调制模型的超声回波参数估计

该文将用于连续函数优化的蚁群算法成功应用到超声回波参数估计中,根据不对称高斯调制模型,给出了用于超声回波估计的蚁群算法的基本原理和参数估计步骤.通过数值仿真,对不同信噪比条件下超声回波参数进行了估计.仿真结果表明,该方法不依赖于初始值的选取,可在较大范围内搜索,得到全局最优解,且估计出的超声回波参数具有较高的精度.     

动态蚁群算法用于洪灾搜救问题

蚁群算法是一种求解最优路径的常用算法,其利用自然界中蚁群的活动规律和正反馈原理。动态的蚁群算法针对基本蚁群算法存在的问题和缺点进行改进,采用动态参数因子,可以有效避免搜索的局部最优和进化停滞现象,并且能够提高搜索效率。通过实验结果对比,该算法在求解最短路径方面具有更高的精确度,为今后的搜救问题提供了一种高效实用的参考方法。     

基于改进杂草优化算法的DFCW参数估计

针对基于匹配追踪的离散频率编码信号(DFCW)参数估计方法中,利用传统优化算法搜索匹配原子时存在不成熟收敛的问题,提出一种改进的杂草优化(IWO)参数估计算法.该方法首先构造DFCW的过完备原子库,然后利用加入选择机制的IWO算法搜索其最佳匹配原子即全局最优值,在获取与信号分量相匹配的原子参数基础上,基于时频平面进行参数估计.仿真结果表明,该算法在低信噪比条件下的参数估计性能优予传统优化算法.     

一种基于混合蚁群算法的矢量量化码书设计算法

提出了一种基于混合蚁群算法的矢量量化码书设计算法。该算法首先通过自适应地调整截取转移概率的参数,加大蚁群算法的搜索最优解的力度;然后以蚁群算法搜索的结果作为初始解,利用改进的LBG算法作进一步的搜索,从而加快算法的收敛速度。实验结果表明,该算法不但大大提高码书性能,而且也缩短了运行时间,解码恢复图像能获得较高的主、客观质量。     

基于蚁群的无线电源管理网络路由算法

蚁群算法(Ant Colony Algorithm,ACA)是一种新型的基于群体的仿生算法。采用蚁群算法实现了对无线电源管理网络的路由优化,为远程设备管理提供了新的解决思路。对原始蚁群算法进行了改进,提出了一种多蚁群的优化算法。基于蚁群算法及其并行搜索最优的特征,通过蚁群聚类和动态调整网络优化参数的方法,可作为一种面向无线电源管理网络的路由算法,经过仿真验证了该算法的有效性。     

优化蚁群算法在ASON路由中的应用研究

针对基本蚁群算法中存在搜索时间长,易陷入局部最优解等问题,提出一种改进的基于蚁群优化的ASON网络路由算法,在蚁群算法中采用自适应调整α和β参数及挥发系数ρ等措施,加快了算法的收敛速度,提高ASON路由算法性能,增强了算法的适应能力,并通过仿真实验证明该方法的可行性和有效性.     

基于蚁群算法的景象匹配定位

景象匹配定位是精确制导的重要技术,通过对景象匹配定位和蚁群算法的研究,提出一种基于蚁群算法的匹配定位方法,蚁群算法具有快速全局寻优能力,应用蚁群算法计算模版图像在基准图像中的匹配位置,根据匹配定位参数的特点,建立二维的蚁群搜索空间,定义图像的归一化积相关作为相似性度量并更新蚁群的信息素,利用信息素及启发信息来计算状态转移概率,蚁群最终聚集到适应度函数最大的路径上。实验结果表明：蚁群算法可以准确有效地估计匹配位置。     

基于遗传因子的自适应蚁群算法最优PID控制

蚁群算法是一种新型的模拟进化算法,重点始于组合优化问题的求解.作者运用该算法优化PID控制参数,但在基本蚁群算法中,存在收敛速度较慢,易出现停滞,以及全局搜索能力较低的缺陷.论文提出了一种具有遗传因子的自适应蚁群算法最优PID控制参数的方法,设计出参数优化图.该方法克服了基本蚁群算法的不足,能够满意地实现PID控制参数优化.仿真结果与Z-N法、遗传算法、基本蚁群算法相比较,优化效果明显得到改善.实验表明,该方法对于控制其他对象和过程也具有应用价值.     

基于混沌搜索的蚁群优化算法

文中算法将蚁群算法与混沌搜索相结合,蚁群算法陷入局部最优时,利用混沌搜索对局部最优解进行二次寻优;对二次寻优结果再重复利用蚁群算法,扩大了搜索范围,避免了算法易陷入局部最优的特点。最后通过三个TSP问题进行实验对比,结果表明基于混沌搜索的蚁群算法充分利用了混沌搜索的随机性和蚁群算法的并行性,在收敛性和优化性方面得到了提高。     

基于改进蚁群算法的移动机器人动态路径规划方法

 本文提出了基于改进蚁群算法的移动机器人动态路径规划方法.首先针对蚁群算法收敛速度慢,容易陷入局部最优的缺点,提出了根据目标点自适应调整启发函数,提高算法的收敛速度;借鉴狼群分配原则对信息素进行更新,避免搜索陷入局部最优.其次为了优化改进蚁群算法的性能,提出用粒子群算法对改进蚁群算法的重要参数进行优化选择.最后实现了基于改进蚁群算法的移动机器人动态路径规划并完成了仿真实验,实验结果证明了该方法的可行性和有效性.     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.