大视场间隔双焦面成像遥感相机焦面装调

大视场间隔的双通道面阵焦面相机在以往的遥感相机中比较少见，其工作在近红外谱段，应用在可见谱段的多通道相机装调方法不再适用，对其装调方法进行了研究。首先，从光学角度分析装调原理，抽象出了数学模型进行了详细分析，得到系统误差公式。因为在以往的光学装调中，该系统误差很小而一直未被重视，但是对于此处涉及的遥感相机，其误差已严重影响测试精度。之后，进行了装调测试方案的详细分析，提出采用一维转台的测试方案，其相比二维转台方案的误差源更少，精度更高，且可节约资源。最后，进行了实际的装调测试和数据处理分析，从中剔除系统误差影响，焦面装调精度为1.0 μm，装调结果优于0.3个像元，得到的焦面的星点像曲线与理论设计结果基本一致。结果表明，提出的测试方法精度高，装调方案合理可行。     

多光束共焦三维测量系统误差的标定及校正

由于具有 非接触、精度高、测量速度快的特点,多光束共焦测量已经成为一种重要的光学三维测量手段。文章分析了系统中存在的像差,并对第二类像差（焦平面弯曲） 提出了测量和标定的方法,即通过测量平面镜来获取系统误差,通过对测量结果的球面拟合来进行标定,利用值即可进行系统误差的校正。采用此种方法可简光学系统设计,降低系统制造费用。最后给出了试验的结果。     

统一系统误差建模及估计方法研究

随着科学的发展，多传感器融合技术在军用和民用的各个领域中应用越来越广泛，而系统误差的估计和校正是影响融合系统性能的关键因素之一。该文针对系统误差建模和估计中存在的如系统误差种类较多、现有误差模型通用性较差等问题，提出了一种较为通用的统一的系统误差模型，并对比分析了现有系统误差估计方法的性能与特点，通过仿真证明了所建模型的通用性和有效性。     

提高重弹“四轴“精度的思考

本文简述了重型反坦克武器系统“四轴”精度的检校原理和检验方法，以及在实际监控和验收过程中，原测量方法存在的系统误差的危害，形成原因。针对系统误差的特性，武器系统的特点，结合军代表实际监控验收的经验提出了消除系统误差的方法，并对所提出的几种改进方法进行了可行性分析和比较。     

高精度密度自动测量技术研究

本文介绍了一种基于CCD传感技术的柱形特质物体密度测量系统。包括工作原理和光学系统设计 ,以及系统误差分析。该系统已在工业生产中得到了很好的应用。     

基于模拟退火算法的组网雷达系统误差校正

系统误差校正是多传感器数据融合和跟踪系统中的基本问题，传统的解决方法是最小均方估计法或极大似然估计法，其缺点是对噪声比较敏感。文中提出了用非参数化方法解决多传感器数据融合中的系统误差校正问题，具体地讲就是把系统误差校正问题转化为非线性优化问题，然后通过模拟退火算法求解。该方法的优点是不需要事先知道各传感器的系统误差，并且适用于不同类型的传感器。经过仿真可知算法有效且对噪声不敏感，比线性化方法有更高的收敛效率和求解精度。     

基于IMU的高分辨率机载SAR运动补偿方法研究

如何克服惯性测量单元的系统误差是一个难题，本文提出的利用参考系统校正ＩＭＵ系统误差为核心的两种易于实时实现的高分辨率机载ＳＡＲ补偿方法，一是利用参考系统如；全球定位系统或气压计，校正ＩＭＵ的系统误差。二是利用基于雷达数据的反射位移方式校正ＩＭＵ的系统误差。本文从理论上分析并比较了几种对系统误差估计和校正方法的性能和优缺点，为实现高分辨率机载ＳＡＲ成像提供理论基础。本文最后给出了相应的实验结果。     

数字全息变焦系统测量液晶空间光调制器相位调制特性

针对液晶空间光调制器(LC-SLM)应用于光信息处理等诸多领域的前提是必须准确测量出其相位调制特性曲线,本文利用全息干涉计量原理和数字全息变焦系统,提出了一种测量LC-LSM相位调制特性曲线的新方法,只需拍摄两幅数字全息图就能获得完整的相位调制特性曲线,并能够消除系统误差,从而降低对光学元件和调试精度的要求,且不需要完成衍射计算。介绍了相关的测量原理,给出了具体的实验测量过程、计算方法,实验结果表明,本文方法具有系统简单、可以消除系统误差和快速的优点。     

卷云有效激光雷达比反演方法研究

卷云对地球-大气系统的辐射收支平衡有着重要的影响,研究卷云的有效激光雷达比有助于了解卷云的光学特性。介绍卷云有效激光雷达比的多种反演方法,分析它们的特点和适用范围,为合理选用这些方法提供了依据。通过探测实例,对反演结果进行系统误差和随机误差分析,结果表明这些反演方法是相融的和有效的。     

光纤点光源的应用研究及其球面波的评价

采用光纤点光源的光学干涉实验与检测系统,需要的光学元件最少,具有最好的环境与机械稳定性,并以最简单的方法获得高精度的基准球面波,可最大限度地减少非平面检测的系统误差。为此,全面分析了影响光纤点光源品质的诸多因素,应用光纤光波传输的基本理论,提出了提高光纤点光源性能的简易方法,并采用数字全息的方法,对两个光纤点光源产生的球面波的干涉图进行计算分析,实现了对光纤点光源球面波的评价。结果表明,由光纤点光源所产生的球面波可以满足一般干涉检测对基准球面波精度的要求。     

An error-based micro-sensor capture system for real-time motion estimation

A wearable micro-sensor motion capture system with 16 IMUs and an error-compensatory complementary filter algorithm for real-time motion estimation has been developed to acquire accurate 3D orientation and displacement in real life activities. In the proposed filter algorithm, the gyroscope bias error, orientation error and magnetic disturbance error are estimated and compensated, significantly reducing the orientation estimation error due to sensor noise and drift. Displacement estimation, especially for activities such as jumping, has been the challenge in micro-sensor motion capture. An adaptive gait phase detection algorithm has been developed to accommodate accurate displacement estimation in different types of activities. The performance of this system is benchmarked with respect to the results of VICON optical capture system. The experimental results have demonstrated effectiveness of the system in daily activities tracking, with estimation error 0.16 ±0.06 m for normal walking and 0.13 ±0.11 m for jumping motions.     

238C防盗报警系统的改进

漯河中波台自安装238C防盗报警系统以来,多次出现误报现象,严重影响了发射及其他工作的正常进行。首先对该系统的工作原理进行了简单介绍,然后对误报故障现象进行了分析、处理,并改进了电路设计中存在的不足。改进后的运行数据表明,系统误报率明显下降,达到了预期的目的。最后,对本系统的设计提出了进一步完善的建议。     

位置线误差的时/频差联合定位性能研究

就双星时差/频差联合定位问题,引入了位置线误差的概念,通过梯度理论计算时差位置线误差和频差位置线误差的分布,对时差位置线误差和频差位置线误差以及联合定位性能进行了定性和定量分析,推导了双星系统下时差频差联合定位精度与参数位置线误差和位置线交角之间的计算关系式。并结合仿真分析了参数测量误差和位置线交角对时差频差联合定位精度的影响。     

A Control System for Long-Term Ventilation of the Lungs

A respirator control system based on a variant process model and optimization of system performance is described. The system attempts to minimize the harmful effects of positive pressure ventilation while meeting the ventilatory requirement of the patient. As alveolar pressure is indicative of respiratory dynamics, it has been used as control parameter. Desired alveolar pressure is derived from a fixed parameter RC lung model while actual alveolar pressure is estimated from the variant lung model which is continuously updated through on-line computation of respiratory mechanical parameters. The controller gain is optimally adjusted so as to minimize error index. The system has been simulated on a digital computer and several representative cases of sudden and gradual parameter variation have been studied. It has been shown that in case of changes in the process, the error quickly damps out to zero.     

定位用SINS/GPS组合算法仿真及分析

从SINS／GPS（Strapdown Inertial Navigation System／Global Position System）组合系统算法设计的总体方案入手，给出了低动态载体定位或高动态载体短时定位用的一种捷联解算算法，推导了SINS／GPS组合算法采用的惯性测量误差方程，结合某载体运动参数，对几种情况下的SINS／GPS组合定位误差进行了仿真，并对仿真结果进行了比较，为工程应用奠定了基础。     

Système de protection contre les erreurs pour la liaison ionosphérique

This paper presents an error correcting system designed for a 1 200 bit/s self adaptative modem operating on the HF channel. An analysis of error statistics has been made simulating a specific link whose characteristics had been measured beforehand by a HF backscattering probe. The coding system which has been chosen consists of a cascade of two cyclic codes. One corrects long bursts of errors (Kasami code), the other corrects single errors and small bursts (Reed Solomon code). Both codes are interleaved. The overall rate is 50 %. An error correction simulation has shown that in most of the cases studied, with a ber of 10^?4 a coding gain of at least 10^?2 has been achieved.     

MEMS陀螺混合误差标定方法研究

微机电系统(MEMS)陀螺仪具有尺寸小,可靠性强的特点,已广泛应用于各种微姿态仪中,而陀螺的安装误差是影响姿态仪输出精度的主要因素之一。现有的陀螺安装误差模型是建立在确定的刻度因子和零偏基础上,但实际应用中,陀螺的刻度因子存在误差,且零偏随温度和转速发生变化。该文提出了一种改进的误差标定和补偿方法,并针对模型中MEMS的零偏温度和转速非线性误差问题,运用BP神经网络,实现了模型零偏动态补偿。实验表明,采用该文提出的标定方法,陀螺的角速率误差由1.5(°)/s提高至0.05(°)/s。验证了标定方法的可行性。     

Controller optimization for minimum position error signals of harddisk drives

In order to reduce the position error signal (PES) and track misregistration (TMR) of disk drives, it is generally believed that the bandwidth of a disk drive servo system has to be increased. However, increase of the bandwidth is limited by available sampling frequency and mechanical resonances of a head-disk assembly. Hence, for a given servo-mechanical system, optimization of a servo controller is a crucial and economical way to get the best TMR performance. In this paper, optimization of a servo controller that yields minimum PES is presented. The equivalent position-mode disturbance is estimated by the error transfer function inversion method. The estimated disturbance is injected into the servo system to evaluate PES. The optimization process will select the best controller that minimizes PES under the specified constraints. It has been demonstrated that the minimization has been achieved by shaping the error transfer function rather than increase of the servo bandwidth, PES reduction has been confirmed by simulation and experiments     

四站无解及模糊问题的增站处理方法

针对无源时差定位系统中存在系统误差和偶然误差而产生的定位模糊和无解的问题,在研究以伪逆法作为求解方法的四站定位基础上,依据不同布站形式其定位结果不同的事实,采用增加一个测量站的方法进行求解定位。对5个接收站接收到的目标信息时间差,采用主站循环的方式分别进行解算,对解算结果进行相关性分析、模糊值剔除,并对小于5个的正确解算值进行融合处理,最终得到目标的位置信息。通过对真实数据加上随机误差进行仿真试验验证,结果表明,该方法能够解决四站无解及定位模糊问题,同时提高了对目标辐射源的定位精度,并十分适用于工程实现。     

Modeling the Effect of Human Body on TOA Based Indoor Human Tracking

In time-of-arrival (TOA) based indoor human tracking system, the human body mounted with the target sensor can cause non-line of sight (NLOS) scenario and result in significant ranging error. However, the previous studies on the behavior of indoor TOA ranging did not take the effects of human body into account. In this paper, measurement of TOA ranging error has been conducted in a typical indoor environment and sources of inaccuracy in TOA-based indoor localization have been analyzed. To quantitatively describe the TOA ranging error caused by human body, we introduce a statistical TOA ranging error model for body mounted sensors based on the measurement results. This model separates the ranging error into multipath error and NLOS error caused by the creeping wave phenomenon. Both multipath error and NLOS error are modeled as a Gaussian variable. The distribution of multipath error is only relative to the bandwidth of the system while the distribution of NLOS error is relative to the angle between human facing direction and the direction of transmitter–receiver, signal to noise ratio and bandwidth of the system, which clearly shows the effects of human body on TOA ranging.