基于混合基函数分解的宽带连续谱信号分析

分析宽带信号时,对信号进行某种变换,准确而有效地分析信号是问题关键所在.提出了基于混合基函数的信号分解方法,通过引入过完备的分解基函数为成份复杂信号主要分量的提取创造有力条件,使得信号分解方法具备不同的分解特性,特别是结构性分解原则能够有效地提高结构紧密分量的分辨能力.选取过完备小波包基函数逼近连续谱主要分量,用余弦基函数逼近线谱主要分量,利用基追踪(BP)算法有效地提取了低频连续谱分量.通过对基函数的通带通性进行分析,选取合适的小波或小波包基函数.实验证实该方法通过引入稀疏性分解,仅使用少数小波包基函数就能够准确重构连续谱主要分量的时域信号形式.     

多聚焦图像融合新算法

提出一种基于限邻域经验模式分解(NLEMD)的多聚焦图像融合算法。该算法利用NLEMD的自适应特性及高频细节信息的较强获取能力,通过对不同图像对应的内蕴模式函数分量IMF中的像素按照局部最大能量,即最优的原则进行选取,然后将融合后的内蕴模式函数分量和剩余量反向重构获取融合图像。实验结果表明,该算法具有更强的细节获取能力,融合效果优于传统的基于小波分解的融合算法。     

改进离散平稳小波变换在压力信号消噪中的应用

提出基于离散平稳小波的改进自适应降噪方法,并将该方法应用于压力信号消噪,取得了优于传统小波消噪的效果。方法利用平稳小波的冗余特性,解决了传统二进小波变换降噪方法在奇异点存在振荡效应的不足,同时将尺度系数的噪声与各层噪声强度不同纳入分析。利用噪声强度估计各分解层阈值,对尺度和小波系数同时进行自适应降噪。将该方法应用于压力信号消噪,并与传统离散二进小波进行比较,证明了方法的可行性和有效性。     

基于共振稀疏分解的局部放电信号窄带干扰抑制新方法

针对电气设备局部放电信号容易被现场运行环境中的窄带干扰信号淹没、不易提取的难题,提出了基于共振稀疏分解的局部放电信号窄带干扰抑制新方法。该方法根据局部放电信号与窄带信号的振荡特征,分析并合理选择品质因子、冗余因子、分解层数和权重系数,实现了对含窄带干扰的局部放电信号的稀疏分解,并将其分解为高共振分量、低共振分量和残余分量,从而可提取出有效的局部放电信号。与小波变换阈值滤波法对比,该方法能更有效地抑制窄带干扰,且误差小、相似度高。仿真和实测数据的处理结果也验证了该方法的有效性。     

基于CEEMDAN和小波熵的心音信号去噪算法研究

针对传统心音去噪算法可能丢失部分重要心音信息问题，提出了一种自适应噪声完备经验模态分解(CEEMDAN)和小波熵结合的心音信号去噪算法。算法通过CEEMDAN将心音信号自适应分解成多个本征模态函数(IMFs),基于各阶本征模态的能量分析判别信噪分界点，对含噪IMF分量采用小波熵自适应阈值去噪后，与信号IMF分量重构，得到去噪后的心音信号。仿真结果显示，在不同信噪比条件下，上述算法均能明显提高心音信号的信噪比，降低均方根误差，优于其它传统去噪算法，具有良好地抑制噪声能力。     

基于VMD分解和小波阈值去噪的时差估计算法

为了提高时差定位算法的精度,提出了一种基于VMD分解和小波阈值去噪的时差估计算法。通过VMD分解将信号分解成若干个分量,再利用小波阈值去噪对各个分量进行去噪,最后将信号重构进行互相关得到信号的时延值。仿真结果表明,该方法优于直接小波阈值去噪的时差参数估计算法,具有更高的准确度和稳定性。     

基于小波和自适应滤波的ECG基线漂移校正

为校正ECG信号的基线漂移,提出小波变换和自适应滤波相结合的方法。利用小波变换对原始ECG信号进行分解,将得到的高频分量作为参考信号输入,采用基于幂函数的最小均方算法（P—LMS）进行自适应滤噪处理。通过与传统的归一化最小均方算法（NLMS）进行对比,验证该算法的准确性。仿真实验和MIT-BIH数据库中的实际数据检验结果表明,基于幂函数的最小均方算法和小波变换相结合的方法能够有效校正基线漂移,并较好地保持心电信号的几何特征。     

基于EMD-ICA的激电数据降噪处理方法*

针对传统降噪方法处理激发极化法(激电法)测量数据的效果不理想的问题,对经验模态分解方法和独立分量分析技术进行了研究,提出了一种新的激电数据降噪方法。首先,采用经验模态分解方法将原始测量数据自适应分解为有限个固有模态函数,再根据其与激发信号的相关性选择固有模态函数构造虚拟噪声通道,最后利用独立分量分析技术提取多维混合数据中的激电信号。利用仿真信号和实际数据对本文方法进行实验,对比普通滤波方法和小波阈值算法,结果表明该方法能有效提高激电数据的信噪比。     

基于可协调经验小波变换的多聚焦图像融合

提出了可协调经验小波变换,并将其应用于多聚焦图像融合。经验小波变换（EWT）是一种自适应信号分解方法,具有比经验模态分解和传统小波分解更好的特性。其核心思想是通过构造自适应的滤波器实现对信号的自适应分解。但是若直接对两幅多聚焦图像分别进行EWT分解,因各自生成的经验小波互不相关,将出现分解所得对应子带不匹配的情况,影响融合图像的质量。针对这一问题,提出了一种可协调的经验小波变换（C-EWT）,C-EWT分解下的两个多聚焦图像的对应子带是完全匹配的。基于此,利用C-EWT提出了一种新的多聚焦图像融合算法。每幅源图像经过C-EWT分解后,得到一个低频分量和多个高频分量; 对低频分量采用基于改进Laplacian能量和的阈值匹配选择与加权规则进行融合,对高频分量则采用局部Log-Gabor能量取大的融合规则;将融合之后的各子带分量进行重构得到融合图像。仿真实验表明：与其他六种融合算法相比,所提算法在融合聚焦区域、保留边缘和细节信息方面具有优势,融合图像具有更好的视觉效果,且客观评价指标与标准图像最为接近。     

自适应经验小波塔式分解的齿轮微弱故障诊断方法

针对强背景噪声下齿轮微弱故障特征难以有效提取的问题,本文提出了一种基于自适应经验小波塔式分解的齿轮故障诊断方法 .首先,在齿轮故障信号傅立叶变换基础上,通过设定分解层数对信号频谱进行有效划分,进行经验小波变换;然后进一步提出时-频峭度指标,绘制信号在不同分解层数下各分量信号的时-频峭度图,确定所感兴趣的最优共振频段范围;最终得到最优单分量信号,利用包络解调分析提取齿轮微弱故障特征.采用所提方法对齿轮故障信号进行分析,结果表明该方法可以有效提取齿轮微弱故障特征,而传统经验小波方法因为受强背景噪声影响较大,无法准确提取齿轮微弱故障特征信息.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。