隔板玻璃表面宽光谱增透膜的制备与性能

利用溶胶-凝胶提拉方法在隔板玻璃表面涂制得到由TiO2与SiO2组成的λ/2-λ/4型宽光谱增透膜。通过溶胶粘度、凝胶时间及红外光谱等研究了TiO2涂膜溶胶的稳定性与相应膜层性能，测试了双层增透膜的透过率、抗高能氙灯辐照性能及使用性能等。结果表明，控制合适的原料配比、降低薄膜烘烤升温速率，可得到适于大面积涂膜的稳定TiO2溶胶，有效改善TiO2膜层质量；隔板玻璃表面增透膜在450-900nm光谱范围内平均透过率高达约98％，使“神光-Ⅱ”第九路主放大器的实际增益提高5．5％-6．5％且具有良好的抗高能氙灯辐照性能。     

高激光损伤阈值266nm紫外增透膜研究

为了研制高激光性能紫外增透膜,分别使用HfO2/SiO2和Al2O3/MgF2两种高低折射率材料组合,采用物理气相沉积技术,设计制备了266 nm增透膜;分析测试了不同材料所组成的增透膜的剩余反射率、粗糙度、光学损耗、界面电场强度和激光诱导损伤阈值等特性。研究结果表明,两组不同膜料制备的266 nm增透膜都能达到剩余反射率<0.2%的要求,且激光诱导损伤阈值都大于5 J/cm(2266 nm,7 ns)。     

宽光谱监控法镀制高精度增透膜的研究

本文介绍了使用宽光谱监控系统镀制增透膜的基本原理和技术特点.给出了针对不同的膜层特性计算评价函数的方法,分别为能量法和特征点法,能量法适合膜层的光学特性对每一个波长点的权重要求都是一样的,特征点法适合于只对膜层光学特性的某几个特定波长的要求较高,并根据膜料光学参数的特性,分别设置权重因子,其它波长忽略不计.用工艺曲线代替理论设计曲线作为目标曲线,解决实际镀制的光谱特性与理论值存在偏差的问题,使评价函数的极小值趋近于零,达到最佳膜厚.这种简单而准确的方法对于提高宽带增透膜镀制精度和成品率有显著的效果,具有实际的应用价值.     

疏水耐环境型SiO2/TiO2/SiO2-TiO2太阳能宽光谱增透膜的制备及性能研究

利用TFCcal设计软件构建膜系结构, 采用溶胶-凝胶工艺和提拉法在超白玻璃上制备出厚度精确可控的宽光谱、高增透型SiO₂/TiO₂/SiO₂-TiO₂减反膜, 同时结合甲基三乙氧基硅烷(MTES)改性碱催化的SiO₂溶胶, 通过提拉法一次制备出高透过率疏水型薄膜。研究表明, 高增透型三层宽光谱减反膜的理论膜层厚度依次为: 80.9 nm(内层SiO₂-TiO₂)、125.0 nm(中间层TiO₂)、95.5 nm(外层SiO₂), 其在400~700 nm可见光范围内平均透过率实际可高达97.03%以上。多层膜经过退火处理后, 膜面的水接触角高达131.5°, 同时陈化两个月以后的多层膜透过率仅下降0.143%, 表明制备的SiO₂/TiO₂/ SiO₂-TiO₂多层减反膜具有优良的疏水和耐环境性能。     

新型复合双层光学增透膜的制备与性能

采用液面下降法在载玻片上制备了T iO2-S iO2/S t-MM A共聚物复合双层光学增透膜。考察了成膜材料组成对内外膜层折射率的影响规律,研究了紫外光辐照处理对内层无机膜厚度和折射率的影响,用紫外-可见分光光度计测试了增透膜的透过率。实验结果表明各膜层折射率随其组成比的变化而线性变化,内层膜和外层膜的折射率可分别在1.45~2.0和1.49~1.60之间连续可调。制备的双层光学增透膜在420 nm~600 nm光谱范围的透过率有很大提高,最高透过率达到99.5%,最高透过波长的位置可通过膜层厚度调整。     

多功能单层二氧化硅增透膜的设计与制备

通过膜层设计软件(TFCalcTM)设计了在400~1 100nm波长范围内具有高透过率的单层增透膜。以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)和甲基三乙氧基硅烷(MTES)为共混前驱体、盐酸为催化剂、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)为模板剂制得甲基修饰的二氧化硅溶胶,通过浸渍提拉法结合溶剂挥发自组装技术成功制备了所设计的多功能单层增透膜。结果表明,(1)增透膜在650nm的最大透过率可达到99.9%,在400~1 100 nm波长范围内的光伏透过率(TPV)高达98.7%,与软件设计结果一致;(2)TEOS与MTES共聚后,显著提高增透膜的疏水性,其对水的接触角从24°提高至85°;(3)单层二氧化硅增透膜具有较好的耐磨擦性。这种兼具高透过率、耐磨擦性和一定疏水性的多功能增透膜在太阳能电池领域具有应用价值。     

宽凸缘深拉深成形工艺探讨

根据某零件宽凸缘深拉深成形工艺中存在的缺陷,对拉深过程中影响零件壁厚差的主要因素进行了分析,找出了缩小相对变形的依据。介绍了凸模浮动拉深成形工艺,综述了浮动凸模的设计要点、模具结构、工作原理及实际应用效果。     

日开发出波长为325-350nm的深紫外LED

同和电子（DOWA Electronics）宣布，开发成功了发光波长为325-350nm的深紫外LED。比目前市售的紫外LED发光波长短，“实现了该波长范围全球最高水平的输出功率”（同和电子）。     

紫外、深紫外非线性光学晶体的最新进展

深紫外相干光源对于光刻技术、光电子能谱仪、激光精密机械加工等均具有十分重要的意义.本文将系统地阐述可产生深紫外谐波光输出的非线性光学晶体是如何被发现的,这些晶体的基本线性、非线性光学性质和使用它们产生深紫外谐波光的方法.最后还简单介绍深紫外谐波光的几个典型例子.     

光学显示双膜系PC镜片的设计与制备

光学显示仪器前的镜片需要通过镀膜来对特定波段形成高反射。以聚碳酸酯(PC)镜片作为基底,采用真空镀膜技术,在PC镜片上镀高反射膜和增透膜,研究了增透膜对消除PC镜片表面二次反射的影响。研究结果表明,PC只有前表面镀反射膜的反射曲线在530 nm处波长的反射率达到85.05%,同时在PC镜片前面镀反射膜和PC镜片后面镀增透膜的反射曲线在530 nm处波长的反射率达到78.33%。PC镜片的反射率降低了6.72%。     

吸波涂层斜入射特性研究

简要分析了吸波涂层（RAC）的斜入射特性，研究了几种吸波涂层在不同入射角（θi)下的吸波性能，指出在常规进气道等凹型腔体中使用RAC的主要要求是提高涂层的垂直极化性能。     

Royal Crown Shaped Polarization Insensitive Perfect Metamaterial Absorber for C-, X-, and Ku-Band Applications

This study proposed a new royal crown-shaped polarisation insensitive double negative triple band microwave range electromagnetic metamaterial absorber (MA). The primary purpose of this study is to utilise the exotic characteristics of this perfect metamaterial absorber (PMA) for microwave wireless communications. The fundamental unit cell of the proposed MA consists of two pentagonal-shaped resonators and two inverse C-shaped metallic components surrounded by a split ring resonator (SRR). The bottom thin copper deposit and upper metallic resonator surface are disjoined by an FR-4 dielectric substrate with 1.6 mm thickness. The CST MW studio, a high-frequency electromagnetic simulator has been deployed for numerical simulation of the unit cell in the frequency range of 4 to 14 GHz. In the TE mode, the offered MA structure demonstrated three different absorption peaks at 6.85 GHz (C-band), 8.87 GHz (X-band), and 12.03 GHz (Ku-band), with 96.82%, 99.24%, and 99.43% absorptivity, respectively. The electric field, magnetic field, and surface current distribution were analysed using Maxwell’s-Curl equations, whereas the angle sensitivity was investigated to comprehend the absorption mechanism of the proposed absorber. The numerical results were verified using the Ansys HFSS (high-frequency structure simulator) and ADS (advanced design system) for equivalent circuit models. Moreover, the proposed MA is polarisation and incident angle independent. Hence, the application of this MA can be extended to a great extent, including airborne radar applications, defence, and stealth-coating technology.     

添加纳米二氧化硅对苯丙涂层综合性能的影响

为制备综合性能优良的纳米二氧化硅-苯丙复合涂层,以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为硅源,用St9ber法制备二氧化硅粉体,采用硅烷偶联剂KH560对其表面修饰后与苯丙乳液共混制备纳米二氧化硅添加量分别为0、1%、2%、3%和4%的涂层,分析涂层微观形貌、紫外吸收性、附着力、硬度、疏水性和热稳定性。结果表明:添加纳米二氧化硅可提高涂层综合性能,纳米二氧化硅添加量为3%时,涂层综合性能最好,此时涂层的紫外吸收比可达0.823,附着力为1级,硬度为3 H,接触角为88.5°,分别比未添加纳米二氧化硅的涂层提高10.92%、1个等级、2个等级和28.3°。     

Spray-Coating of Superhydrophobic Coatings for Advanced Applications

Superhydrophobic coatings are widely applicable, e.g., as self-cleaning surfaces or water–oil separation membranes, yet their wider usage is impeded due to costs of fabrication, size, or substrate limitation. Spray-coating is a versatile coating procedures and might offer a good solution for the fabrication of these superhydrophobic coatings, due to the fact that coatings can be fabricated on various materials in a simple, fast, and inexpensive manner. Most procedures rely on hybrid coatings of hydrophobized nanoparticles and a polymeric matrix, which have several drawbacks including the easy loss of nanoparticles and difficult waste handling. Here, the fabrication of the superhydrophobic material, called Fluoropor, for the first time, by spray-coating on various substrates including metals, tissues, concrete, and glass is presented. It is fabricated by spray-coating a mixture of a highly fluorinated monomer blended with porogens followed by photopolymerization. The superhydrophobicity of the material relies on the porous structure on the micro-/nanoscale across the bulk material and does not require any nanoparticles. Excellent self-cleaning ability of these coatings, resistance against thermal and abrasive impact, and their application as oil–water separation membranes are shown. This versatile applicability is highly promising for real-world application as self-cleaning coatings or oil–water separating membranes.     

Femtosecond Laser Fabrication of Cavity Microball Lens (CMBL) inside a PMMA Substrate for Super‐Wide Angle Imaging

Since microlenses have to date been fabricated primarily by surface manufacturing, they are highly susceptible to surface damage, and their microscale size makes it cumbersome to handle. Thus, cavity lenses are preferred, as they alleviate these difficulties associated with the surface‐manufactured microlenses. Here, it is shown that a high repetition femtosecond laser can effectively fabricate cavity microball lenses (CMBLs) inside a polymethyl methacrylate slice. Optimal CMBL fabrication conditions are determined by examining the pertinent parameters, including the laser processing time, the average irradiation power, and the pulse repetition rates. In addition, a heat diffusion modeling is developed to better understand the formation of the spherical cavity and the slightly compressed affected zone surrounding the cavity. A micro‐telescope consisting of a microscope objective and a CMBL demonstrates a super‐wide field‐of‐view imaging capability. Finally, detailed optical characterizations of CMBLs are elaborated to account for the refractive index variations of the affected zone. The results presented in the current study demonstrate that a femtosecond laser‐fabricated CMBL can be used for robust and super‐wide viewing micro imaging applications.     

The Angle of Reflection of Light Waves from Moving Surfaces

The effect of the motion of a plane reflecting surface on the angle of reflection of light waves is considered. The dependence of the difference in the angles of incidence and reflection on the increase in the velocity of motion of the reflecting surface and the increase in the angle of incidence is determined.__________Translated from Izmeritel’naya Tekhnika, No. 5, pp. 40–41, May, 2005.     

Three‐Layered Hollow Nanospheres Based Coatings with Ultrahigh‐Performance of Energy‐Saving,Antireflection, and Self‐Cleaning for Smart Windows

In this study, a well‐controlled interfacial engineering method for the synthesis of SiO₂/TiO₂/VO₂ three‐layered hollow nanospheres (TLHNs) and TLHNs‐based multifunctional coatings is reported. The as‐prepared coatings allow for an outstanding integration of thermochromism from the outer VO₂(M) layer, photocatalytic self‐cleaning capability from the middle TiO₂(A) layer, and antireflective property from internal SiO₂ HNs. The TLHNs coatings exhibit excellent optical performance with ultrahigh luminous transmittance (T_lum‐l = 74%) and an improved solar modulation ability (ΔT_sol = 12%). To the best knowledge, this integrated optical performance is the highest ever reported for TiO₂/VO₂‐based thermochromic coatings. An ingenious computation model is proposed, which allows the n_eff of nanostructured coatings to be rapidly obtained. The experimental and calculated results reveal that the unique three‐layered structure significantly reduces the refractive index (from 2.25 to 1.33 at 600 nm) and reflectance (Rave, from 22.3 to 5.3%) in the visible region as compared with dense coatings. Infrared thermal imaging characterization and self‐cleaning tests provide valid evidence of SiO₂/TiO₂/VO₂ TLHNs coatings' potential for energy‐saving and self‐cleaning smart windows. The exciting inexpensive and universal fabrication process for well‐defined structures may inspire various developments in processable and multifunctional devices.     

中高温光谱选择性吸收涂层的研究进展

太阳能是极其丰富的可再生能源,近年来,研究人员不断努力开发高吸收低发射、耐高温、持久耐候的高性能光谱选择性吸收涂层。本文主要介绍国内外科研工作者在中温和高温光谱选择性吸收涂层方面的研究工作和最新成果,并对其高温热稳定性及失效机理进行了探讨。