聚羟基丁酸己酸酯对聚羟基丁酸戊酸酯结晶性能的影响

采用溶液浇铸法制备了生物可降解聚羟基丁酸戊酸酯（PHBV）和聚羟基丁酸己酸酯（PHBHHx）共混物,用差示扫描量热仪和偏光显微镜研究了PHBHHx对PHBV热性能与结晶性能的影响。结果表明,PHBV和PHBHHx之间存在一定的相互作用,PHBV的冷结晶温度随PHBHHx含量的增加向高温方向移动;PHBV/PHBHHx共混物的结晶呈环带球晶现象,随PHBHHx含量的提高,环带球晶逐渐变得规整、清晰,且带宽逐渐减小。     

成核剂对聚羟基丁酸己酸酯结晶性能的影响

采用溶液浇铸法制备了含不同成核剂的生物可降解聚羟基丁酸己酸酯(PHBHHx)样品,利用热台偏光显微镜(POM)和差示扫描量热(DSC)法研究了成核剂对PHBHHx结晶行为和热性能的影响,并对比了氮化硼、羟基磷灰石和木质素磺酸钠三种成核剂的效果.结果表明,加入成核剂后,PHBHHx的结晶发生异相成核,球晶数目增加,从POM的结果看,木质素磺酸钠的成核效果最好.PHBHHx的结晶诱导期大大缩短,含木质素磺酸钠的PHBHHx的效果尤其明显.等温结晶和非等温结晶的DSC分析表明,羟基磷灰石促进结晶的能力最强.     

聚羟基丁酸己酸酯／聚乙二醇共混膜的制备与性能研究

采用溶液浇铸法制备了聚羟基丁酸己酸酯/聚乙二醇(PHBHHx/PEG)共混膜,用DSC和POM研究了其热性能与结晶行为,并测量了其静态水接触角.结果表明,PHBHHx与PEG间存在较强的相互作用.在第二次升温过程中,个别共混比例的PHBHHx在PEG的诱导下可以发生一定程度的结晶,PEG起成核剂的作用.当PEG质量分数为40%时,PHBHHx亲水性能有所改善.PEG的加入对PHBHHx的球晶形态有影响,一定量PEG的加入可以加快PHBH-Hx的结晶速度.     

聚羟基丁酸酯环带球晶的形态

采用差示扫描量热法测试了聚羟基丁酸酯(PHB)的结晶温度和熔融温度,采用偏光显微镜探讨了结晶温度和结晶时间对PHB结晶形态的影响及环带球晶形成机理。PHB在高于100℃易形成环带球晶,环带间距随着结晶温度的升高而降低,且低温下形成的球晶数目明显比高温多;结晶时间只能改变晶体尺寸,并没有改变结晶形态;环带是片晶沿晶轴方向作周期性扭曲的结果;PHB球晶中的裂缝主要是由于片晶在"侧立"取向扭曲成"平躺"取向时产生的。     

聚乳酸/聚(3-羟基丁酸酯-co-4-羟基丁酸酯)/改性高岭土纳米复合材料的结晶、动态力学及流变行为

为提高聚乳酸(PLA)/聚(3-羟基丁酸酯-co-4-羟基丁酸酯)(P(3HB-co-4HB))基体的综合性能,采用熔融共混法制备聚乳酸/聚(3-羟基丁酸酯-co-4-羟基丁酸酯)/改性高岭土(modified kaolin)纳米复合材料。利用DSC、DMA、旋转流变仪、扫描电镜(SEM)等对复合体系的结晶、动态力学性能、流变行为、表面结构等进行了研究。结果表明:复合体系的冷结晶温度逐渐变小,降低了12.5℃,结晶能力有所提高。此外,结晶度由21.65%增加到35.22%,提高了62.68%。DMA结果显示,随着改性高岭土添加量的增多,复合体系的储能模量E′和玻璃化转变温度出现先增大后减小的变化。熔融态下,复合体系的黏度随剪切速率的增大而减小,属假塑性流体。当体系中改性高岭土添加量为4%时,材料的缺口冲击强度有明显的改善。利用SEM发现,少量改性高岭土可以均匀地分散在PLA/P(3HB-co-4HB)基体中并能显著提高复合体系的韧性。     

活化石墨烯微片对聚β-羟基丁酸酯结晶性能和热性能的影响

采用溶液浇铸法制备了聚β-羟基丁酸酯（PHB）/活化石墨烯微片（GONPs）复合材料,并研究了GONPs对PHB晶体结构、非等温结晶性能、热分解温度和热加工稳定性的影响。结果表明：GONPs加快了PHB的非等温结晶,但不会改变PHB的晶体结构;PHB的结晶度和热分解温度均随GONPs用量的增加而提高;GONPs对PHB热加工稳定性的影响不显著,但PHB自热解发生后,PHB/GONPs复合材料的热降解程度较纯PHB变缓。     

聚3-羟基丁酸酯4-羟基丁酸酯性能研究

概述了聚羟基脂肪酸酯(PHA)类生物塑料的发展过程,分析了聚3-羟基丁酸酯4-羟基丁酸酯(P34HB)的结构、综合性能、加工特性,详细介绍了P34HB的改性方法。结果表明:P34HB是新一代优异的生物塑料,通过改性,其力学性能与聚丙烯和聚乙烯相近,可以在传统塑料加工设备上加工成型。但对P34HB的研发及应用还需做大量工作。     

聚(3-羟基丁酸酯-co-4-羟基丁酸酯)的性能

采用毛细管流变仪、差示扫描量热仪、热失重分析仪及偏光显微镜(POM)研究了聚(3-羟基丁酸酯-co-4-羟基丁酸酯)[P(3HB-co-4HB)]的流变性能、热性能及结晶性能.P(3HB-co-4HB)熔体属于典型的假塑性流体,剪切应力与剪切速率关系符合Ostwald-de Wale幂率定律,熔体表观黏度与温度的关系符合Arrhenius方程;P(3HB-co-4HB)的玻璃化转变温度约为-10℃,熔点在100～120℃,降解温度约为205℃;POM观察发现,P(3HB-co-4HB)在约78℃时球晶半径径向生长速率最大.     

聚乳酸/聚癸二酸丙三醇酯共混物的形态及结晶性能

用SEM、DSC、光学解偏振光、POM及WAXD研究聚乳酸/聚癸二酸丙三醇酯(PLA/PGS)共混物的形态和等温结晶性能.结果表明:PLA与PGS发生了相分离,PLA分子链之间存在部分PGS.当<110℃等温结晶时PLA/PGS共混物的半结晶时间(t1/2)随PGS含量的增加而降低,其晶体尺寸较纯PLA大;当≥110℃等温结晶时,PLA/PGS共混物的t1/2随PGS含量的增加而变大,共混物的晶体尺寸明显增大,形成球晶.但当PGS的含量为20%并于120℃等温结晶时,晶体产生暗斑.PLA及PLA/PGS共混物的晶形都为α形.     

亚磷酸三苯酯对聚乳酸结晶性能的影响

采用偏光显微镜和差示扫描量热仪分别对亚磷酸三苯酯（TPP）扩链聚乳酸（PLA）的结晶形态和结晶过程进行表征,并采用莫至深法对PLA的结晶动力学过程进行研究。结果表明,TPP的扩链引入并没有改变PLA的结晶形态,仍然保持为球状晶体;TPP的引入大大提高了PLA的结晶能力,使其冷结晶温度（Tcc）从115.4 ℃降低到102.8 ℃,相对结晶度从30.2 %提高到34.9 %;莫至深法适合PLA结晶动力学过程的研究,TPP的引入使得PLA的F(T)值大大降低。     

聚L-乳酸的热性能研究

为了了解聚L-乳酸(PLLA)自身结构特点,更好地控制其成型加工过程,研究了PLLA的非等温结晶行为、熔融行为和热失重过程。结果表明:降温速率对PLLA的非等温结晶过程具有显著影响,在1℃/min的降温速率下,PLLA的结晶起始温度为121℃,结晶焓为3.363 J/g;PLLA的熔融双峰遵循熔融-再结晶的机理;PLLA热分解温度在300℃左右,且随升温速率的增加而增大。     

扩链剂TMP-6000对聚乳酸/聚（3-羟基丁酸-co-3 -羟基戊酸酯）共混物性能的影响

以扩链剂TMP-6000为增容剂,采用熔融共混制备了聚乳酸（PLA）和聚（3羟基丁酸co3羟基戊酸酯）（PHBV）复合材料,研究了TMP-6000对PLA/PHBV复合材料的结晶行为、微观结构、力学性能的影响。结果表明,无定形PLA的加入抑制了PHBV的结晶,TMP-6000的加入使得PLA/PHBV复合材料的结晶能力变弱,提高了PLA的冷结晶温度,且当TMP-6000含量为0.5 %（质量分数,下同）时,PLA的冷结晶峰开始消失,且适量的TMP-6000使得PHBV的玻璃化转变温度（Tg）升高;TMP-6000的加入使得PHBV均匀分散于PLA基体中,且当TMP-6000含量为0.7 %时,PLA与PHBV的相容性最好;TMP-6000的加入显著提高了PLA/PHBV复合材料的分子量;TMP-6000提高了PLA与PHBV之间的结合力,提高了复合材料的拉伸强度,但断裂伸长率有稍微地降低。     

Effect of Poly(L-lactic acid) on Hydrolytic Degradation of Poly(glycolic acid)

The in-vitro degradation behavior of poly(glycolic acid) (PGA) rods and the composite rods containing poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) were investigated via mass loss, pH value change, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Since the degradation rate of PLLA is lower than that of PGA, PLLA/PGA composite rods exhibit a slower degradation rate in comparison with PGA. This finding indicated that it was possible to control the degradation rate of the composites by changing their composition. This result indicates that this kind of composite biomaterial may be applicable to devices for the need of prolonged degradation.     

Production of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) by Recombinant Pseudomonas stutzeri 1317 from Unrelated Carbon Sources

Synthetic biology promises to simplify the construction of metabolic pathways by assembling the de-tached modules of the whole pathway. This gives new approaches for the microbial production of industr...     

聚(3-羟基丁酸和4-羟基丁酸酯)共聚物与聚乳酸共混体系性能研究

研究了可完全生物降解的聚(3-羟基丁酸-co-4-羟基丁酸醋)与聚乳酸(PLA)共混体系,利用偏光显微镜、动态和静态剪切流变、X射线衍射和差示扫描量热仪,分析共混体系的结晶性能、流变性能和热稳定性。结果表明:随着PLA添加量增加,熔融温度由156.05℃降低到130. 32 C,结晶温度由102. 09℃降低62. 33 C,结晶度下降。而玻璃化转变温度由一5 . 69℃上升3. 42 C,体系的热稳定性和豁弹性提高。     

Thermal analyses of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate), poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate), and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate)

Thermal analyses of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB), poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) [P(HB–HV)], and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) [P(HB–HHx)] were made with thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). In the thermal degradation of PHB, the onset of weight loss occurred at the temperature (°C) given by T_o = 0.75B + 311, where B represents the heating rate (°C/min). The temperature at which the weight-loss rate was at a maximum was T_p = 0.91B + 320, and the temperature at which degradation was completed was T_f = 1.00B + 325. In the thermal degradation of P(HB–HV) (70:30), T_o = 0.96B + 308, T_p = 0.99B + 320, and T_f = 1.09B + 325. In the thermal degradation of P(HB–HHx) (85:15), T_o = 1.11B + 305, T_p = 1.10B + 319, and T_f = 1.16B + 325. The derivative thermogravimetry curves of PHB, P(HB–HV), and P(HB–HHx) confirmed only one weight-loss step change. The incorporation of 30 mol % 3-hydroxyvalerate (HV) and 15 mol % 3-hydroxyhexanoate (HHx) components into the polyester increased the various thermal temperatures T_o, T_p, and T_f relative to those of PHB by 3–12°C (measured at B = 40°C/min). DSC measurements showed that the incorporation of HV and HHx decreased the melting temperature relative to that of PHB by 70°C. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 82: 90–98, 2001     

Properties Study of Poly(L-lactic acid)/Polyurethane-Blend Film

Poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA)/polyurethane (PU)-blend films were prepared by casting the polymer blend solution in chloroform. Surface morphologies of the PLLA/PU-blend films were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Thermal, mechanical, and chemical properties of PLLA/PU-blend films were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), tensile tests, and contact angle testing. It was indicated that the addition of PU could exert marked effects on the properties of PLLA films.