兔羊绒纺织品的开发

兔绒纤维颜色洁白、纤维细长、蓬松柔软、富有弹性,其产品深受消费者欢迎.兔绒资源的合理开发利用,不仅可以缓解羊绒资源的不足,而且还可以大大提高产品的附加值.但兔绒纤维表面光滑,可纺性差,其产品脱绒现象较为严重.文章采用兔绒、羊绒及新型复合纤维按一定的混纺比进行纺纱,再制成各种兔羊绒纺织品,并在一定的温度下进行整烫,显著改善了兔羊绒纺织品的脱绒现象.     

山羊绒精纺系列产品的开发

山羊绒精纺系列产品的开发安徽省阜阳织纺厂蔡浩我国有丰富的山羊绒资源，山羊绒的产量约占世界总产量的１／２，但以往大多数是以原料形式出口。近年来，羊绒在粗纺领域中得到了充分的利用，纯羊绒制品及多种比例的绒、丝，绒、毛，绒、兔等粗梳混纺产品也应时而生，在国...     

山羊绒纤维油脂分布的研究

采用95℃的恒温水对同一种类不同性别山羊的羊绒原绒、洗净绒纤维进行加热,使山羊绒纤维表面上的油脂因温度的升高而黏着在玻璃片上,并借助电子显微镜拍照获取玻璃片上的油脂印迹点图片,计算图片上的印迹点数所占百分率并对这些数据进行对比分析,掌握了同一羊种不同性别山羊的羊绒原绒、洗净绒纤维油脂含量的情况,以确定这些羊绒纤维的油脂含量的大小,并针对这一现象对山羊绒的生产加工提出一些建议.     

兔绒与羊绒的化学性能对比

文章通过红外光谱图、染色过程的工艺参数、纤维的耐酸碱性等对比,分析了兔绒和羊绒的化学性能.从而比较2种纤维的相似和不同.通过测试和实验得到兔绒和羊绒的红外光谱图相似,大多数官能团相同;在染色过程中兔绒的染浴pH值小于羊绒的染浴pH值;兔绒染色温度为90℃、羊绒染色温度为85 ℃;兔绒染色时间为40 min、羊绒染色时间为50 min;同时兔绒的耐酸耐碱性优于羊绒.     

天然兔绒制品登上生态环保时尚舞台

烟台天彩兔业有限公司经多年研究开发，提纯优育出一种优质的天然彩色长绒兔兔绒，兔毛（绒）纱纺织技术由烟台天彩兔业有限公司申请发明专利，这一发明为纺织品行业提供了珍贵的绿色生态环保兔绒原料。经烟台质检部门检测，这种彩色兔绒的平均细度是10，83μm，而山羊绒最细是14，5μm。因此，彩色兔绒特别适用于超细精纺。彩兔绒含多种胺基酸，对人体起到温馨呵护作用；它还是髓腔纤维，因而密度小、比重轻，保暖效果好，     

不同动物纤维的毡缩性能分析

应用毡缩球法研究了羊毛、马海毛、兔绒、山羊绒、绵羊绒和牦牛绒的毡缩性能.先测量出6种纤维的摩擦因数,然后采用毡缩球法分别测量6种纤维的毡缩性能,分析兔绒与羊毛混纺以及马海毛与羊毛混纺时混合比对纤维毡缩性能的影响.此外,还分析了羊毛和马海毛长度对纤维毡缩性能的影响.得出兔绒与羊毛混纺、马海毛与羊毛混纺时混纺比对混纺纤维毡缩性能的影响规律,以及纤维长度对其毡缩性能的影响规律.     

羊毛/兔绒/羊绒提花面料工艺设计

为充分发挥羊毛纤维吸湿保暖、兔绒纤维蓬松滑糯、羊绒纤维弹性柔软的性能,开发一种羊毛/兔绒/羊绒提花面料。针对兔绒纤维可纺性差的问题,采用羊毛、兔绒、羊绒散纤维混纺方法,提升纤维抱合力。通过散毛染色、和毛、梳毛、细纱、络筒、蒸纱等工艺,设计纺纱上机参数,制得羊毛/兔绒/羊绒60/25/15混纺纱线。以1/3破斜纹纬二重组织为基础组织,设计织造工艺,织制正反面双色图案提花织物。后通过洗缩呢、起毛、蒸呢等方法,制得蓬松饱满,手感滑糯的羊毛/兔绒/羊绒提花面料,对纺织产品的设计开发具有参考意义。     

2012年度新疆山羊绒资源状况及公证检验质量分析

为保护新疆的优势纤维资源,维护农牧民的经济利益,规范山羊绒的质量行为,整顿羊绒流通秩序,促进毛绒纤维产业健康可持续发展,2012年度新疆纤维检验局在全区范围内展开了一轮山羊绒资源调查工作,同时依据GB18267《山羊绒》国家标准,严格按照中纤局的要求进行山羊绒公证检验工作,结合2011/2012年度我区山羊绒国家公证检验的相关数据,对我区山羊绒资源状况及山羊原绒色泽、型级、平均直径、手扯长度、洗净率、净绒率等主要品质指标进行统计分析如下.     

热处理对山羊绒、兔绒、驼绒纤维力学性能的影响

选择山羊绒、兔绒、驼绒3种绒类纤维,分别在常温干、湿态和经过干热处理后进行拉伸力学性能测试,结果表明:湿处理对兔绒的力学性能影响最大;热处理对驼绒的力学性能影响最大;热处理对兔绒和驼绒的力学性能影响比湿处理影响大.     

在棉纺设备上纺制纯山羊绒短纤纱

1前言山羊绒是我国特种动物纤维主要出口的纺织原料之一。近些年来，虽然有些企业加工羊绒纱或生产羊绒衫，但这些产品绝大多数以粗纺为主。内蒙古伊克昭盟绒毛厂经过研究与探索，成功地开发了山羊绒精梳条，为生产羊绒产品（精纺）提供了条件。由于山羊绒价格昂贵，对精梳落绒如何利用、实现其价值，引起了伊盟绒毛厂的关注。该厂尝试性地开发了精梳落绒纤维条，准备开发纯羊绒产品，提高经济效益。为此，伊盟厂与我院合作开发纯山羊绒短纤维纺纱。2原料纺纱使用原料为内蒙古伊克昭盟绒毛厂生产的精梳落绒纤维条，纤维细度为14～16卜m，纤…     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the