基于Pandat软件的相图计算及其方法概述

基于Pandat相图计算软件,对相图计算流程进行总结。利用Pandat软件,并遵守相图计算流程,对Pd-Au二元相图进行计算。利用Pandat中的PanOptimizer优化平台,并结合最新相关数据,对Ir-Pt二元体系中各相的参数进行优化,得到了Ir-Pt二元体系中各相的热力学参数。对Au-Pt-Zr三元合金相图进行计算,填补了该三元系研究的空白。     

Fe-Ti-C三元系热力学优化

应用CALPHAD方法对Fe-Ti-C三元系进行了热力学优化。基于已有的试验数据和第一性原理计算结果,如相图试验信息、热力学性质试验数据、三元系中Ti C在奥氏体中的溶解度等,优化得到的参数可较好地重现试验数据,建立了一套具有良好自洽性的热力学及扩散动力学参数。     

Ir-Pt二元相图的优化计算

利用Pandat相平衡热力学计算软件优化和计算了Ir-Pt二元相图。采用SGTE(Science Group Thermodata Europe)数据库中的表达式描述纯组元(Ir和Pt)的Gibbs自由能,采用固溶体相热力学模型描述Ir-Pt二元体系中的液相和固溶体相。利用Pandat中的PanOptimizer优化平台,并结合最新的相关数据,对Ir-Pt二元体系中各相的参数进行了优化,优化得到了Ir-Pt二元体系中各相的热力学参数。利用优化的热力学参数对Ir-Pt二元合金相图进行了计算,计算得到的相图表明调幅分解的临界点为995℃、50%Ir(摩尔分数)左右,与SGTE贵金属合金数据库所提出的Ir-Pt二元体系在相图和热力学数据上都较为吻合。     

热力学优化Bi-Ni二元系

基于文献报导的实验数据,采用相图计算（CALPHAD）方法,热力学优化了Bi-Ni二元系相图。该二元系的液相、fcc_A1（Ni）相和rhombohedral_A7（Bi）相用替换溶液模型来描述,其过剩吉布斯自由能用Redlich-Kister多项式来表达。考虑到晶体结构（NiAs型）以及与多组元体系热力学数据库的兼容性,中间化合物BiNi相采用亚点阵模型：（Bi）（Ni,Va）（Ni,Va）;Bi3Ni相处理为化学计量比化合物。最后,通过优化该二元系实测的相图和热力学数据,获得一组能够表达各相吉布斯自由能的自洽的热力学参数。根据这些热力学参数计算的相图和热力学数据与报导的实验数据吻合良好。     

Nd-Fe-B-Dy四元系热力学数据库的建立及其合金设计

本研究利用CALPHAD方法,采用合理的热力学模型,热力学优化和计算了Nd-Dy、Dy-B二元系和Fe-B-Dy、Dy-Fe-Nd、B-Dy-Nd三元系的相图,并利用文献报道的其他子二元系和三元系的热力学参数,充分考虑了热力学模型的统一性和参数的兼容性,建立了Nd-Fe-B-Dy四元系合金的热力学数据库,并应用该数据库,预测了Nd-Fe-B-Dy四元合金Nd16-xDyxFe77B7 (x≤5 at.%)的纵截面相图;同时还分析了一系列不同Dy含量的永磁合金在平衡凝固下各相相分数随温度的变化情况。这些计算信息对掺镝NdFeB永磁合金的组织设计以及制备工艺参数的选择具有重要的指导意义。     

BaO-MgO二元系相图优化计算研究

在对BaO-MgO二元系热力学数据评估的基础上,采用Thermo-Calc软件对该体系相图进行优化计算.采用规则溶液模型,获得了较完整的BaO-MgO二元系相图和该体系较完整的热力学数据.还对该二元系的混合焓及组元活度进行了讨论.通过与实验数据进行比较,在富BaO端与实验结果基本吻合;在富MgO端,采用了最新的MgO熔点温度,获得了更加合理的液相线.     

Mg-Zn-Si体系的相平衡计算及应用

利用Calphad方法重新评估了Mg-Si二元系的液相,并结合Mg-Zn和Zn-Si二元系热力学数据,外推得到Mg-Zn-Si三元系热力学参数;同时根据Mg2Si-MgZn2伪二元相图实验数据评估了Mg-Zn-Si系的液相三元相交互作用参数,计算相图与实验数据较一致。利用Scheil凝固模型模拟了Mg-2.33Zn-0.9Si(at%)合金的凝固过程,预测了镁合金在铸造冷却过程中的相演变信息,模拟计算结果与实验结果吻合较好     

Ni-Re与Co-Re二元体系的热力学研究及相图

运用CALPHAD方法和Thermo-Calc软件,对Ni-Re和Co-Re二元系的热力学参数进行了重新评估,得到了与试验数据及第一性原理计算结果吻合较好的热力学数据。根据得到的热力学数据,对Ni-Re和Co-Re相图进行了重新优化,建立了更为合理的二元系相图。计算所得一系列热力学参数,可作为外推建立Ni-Co-Re等高元体系数据库的基础。     

Cr- W、Cr- Mo和Cr- Ta二元体系的热力学和相图优化

基于已有的试验数据和第一性原理计算结果(如相图试验信息、热力学性质试验数据等),运用Calphad方法与Thermo-Calc软件,重新优化了Cr-W、Cr-Mo和Cr-Ta体系的热力学参数和相图,优化的结果与试验数据及第一性原理计算结果吻合较好。该一系列热力学模型参数可以作为外推建立多组元Ni基合金热力学数据库的基础。     

高性能铜合金热力学数据库的开发及其在材料设计中的应用

利用相图计算(CALPHAD)方法,采用亚规则溶体模型描述溶体相的吉布斯自由能,采用亚点阵模型描述金属间化合物和有序相的吉布斯自由能,并结合相平衡和热力学性质的实验数据,优化与计算Cu-X二元系以及Cu-Fe、Cu-Ni、Cu-Cr、Cu-Co、Cu-Mo和Cu-W基各三元系的相图,获得自洽性良好的热力学参数,并建立铜合金热力学数据库。该数据库可以提供稳定和亚稳的相图计算、相分数计算、液相面计算、热力学性质的计算等多种信息,为外推计算铜基多元合金系的相平衡提供理论基础,并为高性能铜合金材料的设计及制备提供重要的理论指导。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

A STUDY OF TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT VALENCE BOND STRUCTURE OF TITANIUM

On the basis of energy and shape method for the determination of the valence bond (VB) structures of crystal, the valence bond structure of titanium is redetermined at room temperature and calculated in the whole temperature range of 0-1943K. The outer shell electronic distribution of Ti is e_c~(2.9907) · (s_c~(0.4980) d_c~(2.4927)) ef1.0093 in crystal. The temperature dependences of the VB structures of hcp and bcc phases are the same. The VB structures of hcp and bcc phases monotonically increase or decrease with the increase in temperature, but show discontinuous changes at the phase-transformation temperature 1155K.