Sensory Profiles for Dried Fig (Ficus carica L.) Cultivars Commercially Grown and Processed in California

A trained sensory panel evaluated the 6 fig cultivars currently sold in the California dried fig market. The main flavor and aroma attributes determined by the sensory panel were “caramel,” “honey,” “raisin,” and “fig,” with additional aroma attributes: “common date,” “dried plum,” and “molasses.” Sensory differences were observed between dried fig cultivars. All figs were processed by 2 commercial handlers. Processing included potassium sorbate as a preservative and SO₂ application as an antibrowning agent for white cultivars. As a consequence of SO₂ use during processing, high sulfite residues affected the sensory profiles of the white dried fig cultivars. Significant differences between dried fig cultivars and sources demonstrate perceived differences between processing and storage methods. The panel‐determined sensory lexicon can help with California fig marketing.     

芝麻酱感官词典的开发和建立

为建立芝麻酱的感官词典,依据GB/T 16861—1997《感官分析通过多元分析方法鉴定和选择用于建立感官剖面的描述词》产生芝麻酱的感官描述词,以几何平均值法分析删减描述词以制作芝麻酱感官风味轮,以相关性分析和主成分分析提炼关键性描述词,对关键性描述词添加定义、寻找参比样并进行强度赋值以形成芝麻酱关键性感官属性定量描述词汇表。结果显示,最终提炼20个关键性描述词(7个气味描述词,8个风味描述词,3个口感描述词,2个外观描述词)对芝麻酱感官特征进行定量描述分析。通过芝麻酱感官词典获得了不同芝麻酱的感官属性特征,且不同产地和焙炒条件芝麻酱的感官特征存在差异,这验证了芝麻酱感官词典的有效性。芝麻酱感官词典的开发为芝麻酱感官评价体系的建立提供了基础。     

感官词典建立方法及食品中应用研究进展

感官词典是标准化的词汇表,用于帮助不同人群关于感官问题进行交流.本文综述了建立一个感官词典的流程,主要包括四个步骤:准备样品及培训人员、生成初始词汇、讨论初始词汇并给出定义和参考并验证词汇有效性,分别对四个步骤的具体操作和要求进行阐述,并对近十年来食品与饮品感官词典的开发进行总结.词典的开发促进了感官词汇的标准化,也促...     

Suitability of Argentinian maize hybrids for polenta production

The objective of this study was to determine the suitability of different soft-endosperm commercial maize hybrids to obtain polenta of good technological quality. Ten commercial soft-endosperm hybrids and two open-pollinated varieties (quality controls) of maize were used. Grain physical characteristics were determined, and polentas from each genotype were obtained. The chemical composition of semolina was determined, and polenta was evaluated in terms of viscoelasticity, cooking characteristics and colour. The semolina yield was between 50.96 to 69.36%. The control genotypes showed the lowest values for peak viscosity, with 3670.5 and 3966.25 cP. Hybrid Next22.6 showed the highest consistency value, while C6006, Col17, Ds507 and Srm566 presented the lowest value of all samples tested. Hybrid N7822 first, followed by Ds507 and Srm553, proved to be suitable for the food industry. The good characteristics of this dish were associated with high pasting temperature and semolina yield, and low consistency and viscosity values.     

开放式提问调查在食品研究与开发中的研究现状

开放式提问调查（Open-ended questions）应用于食品感官分析中,一般要求评价人员用自己的语言描述产品,旨在理解消费者对产品主要特征的感知;也可以结合喜好度调查,探究影响消费者喜好和购买意向的因素。本文主要介绍了开放式提问调查的定义、实施、数据预处理、数据分析、在食品研究中的应用、此方法的优势和局限性以及与其他快速感官分析方法的比较,并展望这一方法的发展前景,以期对需要进行产品感官分析的企业或相关领域科学研究人员提供借鉴。     

冻干方便米饭品质评价方法及原料适应性的研究

本试验选取了10个品种的大米制作冻干方便米饭，测定了大米的直链淀粉含量和蛋白质含量，并且分析了这两项指标与感官指标以及物性指标（Texture Profile Analysis，TPA）与感官指标的相关关系。研究发现感官指标中的口感与大米的直链淀粉含量呈极显著的负相关，与TPA实验的Hardness和Adhesiveness两项指标呈极显著的负相关。结果表明大米的直链淀粉含量对冻干方便米饭品质有着显著的影响，利用TPA实验可以替代感观评价对冻干方便米饭的品质进行评价，其中利用直链淀粉含量相对较低的粳米制作的冻干方便米饭的口感较好。     

Conjoint analysis on the purchase intent for traditional fermented soy product (natto) among Japanese housewives

Abstract: The effect of sensory and extrinsic attributes on consumer intentions to purchase the Japanese traditional fermented soybean product natto was evaluated using conjoint analysis. Six attributes with 2 levels each were chosen and manipulated: price (high compared with low), the country of origin of the soybeans (domestic compared with imported), stickiness (strong compared with moderate), smell (rich compared with moderate), attached seasonings (attached compared with no attached seasonings), and the environmental friendliness of the packaging (high compared with low). A fractional factorial design was applied and 8 hypothetical product labels were produced. A sample of 479 Japanese housewives ranked these product labels based on their purchase intentions. Overall purchase intention was affected by country of origin, attached seasonings, and price; those attributes accounted for 81.0%, while the sensory attributes of the product accounted for 19.0% of purchase intents. In order to estimate market segments for the natto products based on consumer preference, a cluster analysis was performed. It identified 4 segments of consumers: 1 oriented to attached seasonings, another conscious of the price, and the other 2 oriented to origins. The behavioral and demographic characteristics of the respondents had a limited influence on segment membership. Practical Application: This research was conducted to understand how consumers valuate various sensory and nonsensory product attributes based on their assessment of the overall product in the case of Japanese fermented soy product (natto). The data of this research would be of great importance both in understanding consumer behavior and in designing strategies for product development.