PDS脱硫脱氰催化剂的现状

PDS法焦炉煤气脱硫脱氰技术自１９８２年问世以来的２０年中，虽经历了多次失败，但最终获得了成功，现就PDS的合成和助催化剂的发现简介如下。１PDS的合成最初，发现PDS（双核酞菁钴六磺酸铵）并不是单一的化合物，而是含有单环酞菁钴磺酸铵和多环酞菁钴磺酸铵的混合物。另外，还含有无活性物质氯化铵和ADA、对苯二酚、硫酸亚铁、硫酸锰、水杨酸等助催化剂。再经进一步的研究，取得了较大的进展。一是发现双核酞菁钴砜十磺酸铵结构的摩尔吸氧量是双核酞菁钴六磺酸铵结构的２倍，单核酞菁钴砜六磺酸铵的结构也有类似的性质；二是加入…     

加氢精制汽油重硫醇脱臭催化剂的性能

以酞菁钴与氯磺酸为原料,于130℃合成了四磺酸基酞菁钴催化剂,采用电位滴定法重点考察了该催化剂对模拟汽油体系及加氢汽油中重硫醇的脱除效果。结果表明,所制备的催化剂对大分子硫醇有较好的脱除效果,且在工业条件限制下,最佳反应温度为45℃;催化剂含量越大,硫醇脱除效果越好;正构硫醇及低碳数硫醇的脱除较为容易;可将油品中约100μg/g的硫醇硫降至5μg/g以下,博士实验合格。     

酞菁钴磺酸铵催化剂在液膜脱硫装置中的应用

针对传统磺化酞菁钴或聚酞菁钴存在的催化活性低、碱溶性差、容易发生液膜装置过滤器堵塞的缺点,通过对市场上不同催化剂的对比试用,筛选出了性能优良的W803新型双核酞菁钴磺酸盐脱硫催化剂。工业应用结果表明该催化剂具有催化氧化活性高、碱溶性好,使用过程中不易堵塞过滤器等优点,具有较好的工业应用价值。     

PDS催化脱硫机理和工业应用

PDS(酞菁钴磺酸铵)法催化脱硫技术因适用于高硫化氢工业气体的净化而受到国内外的重视。在PDS脱 硫机理的研究中,对双核金属酞菁类化合物催化H2S液相反应的催化电子转移机制进行了探讨。在工业生 产脱硫装置上,通过改变工艺控制指标、试验PDS脱硫催化剂与ADA脱硫催化剂混合脱硫、试验PDS脱 硫催化剂为主要脱硫催化剂、试验PDS脱硫催化剂溶液中添加少量ADA脱硫催化剂达到脱硫目标并取 得多种效果等。开展PDS脱硫催化剂取代ADA法脱硫等工业实践,逐步实现了PDS法脱硫,达到了经济 技术指标的优化。     

脱硫醇催化剂-磺化酞菁钴的性能测试

参照催化车间的生产工艺条件,在实验室组建了小型汽油脱硫醇装置,并利用该装置测试了脱硫醇催化剂——磺化酞菁钴的催化活性和稳定性,建立了磺化酞菁钴的评价方法。并且采用该方法对催化车间和实验室合成的样品进行了对比试验,同时对该方法的重复性进行考察,平均相对误差为1．13％。     

平面双核金属酞菁衍生物的催化氧化性能

合成了一种水溶性平面双核金属酞菁衍生物,用元素分析和红外光谱对其结构进行了表征.研究了双核金属酞菁对巯基乙醇的催化活性与pH值、催化剂浓度以及不同双核金属酞菁混合配比之间的关系.实验结果表明,双核金属酞菁在pH=11时催化氧化活性达到最大,且双核钴（Ⅱ）酞菁比双核铁（Ⅲ）酞菁的催化活性高.实验还首次发现,双核钴（Ⅱ）酞菁和铁（Ⅲ）酞菁混合后具有更高的催化氧化活性,混合比以1∶1时催化活性最高,并对其机理进行了探讨.     

磺化酞菁钴 聚酞菁钴通过鉴定

由湖南岳阳市青山油剂厂开发的轻质油品催化氧化催化剂磺化酞菁钴、聚酞菁钴于1992年12月通过湖南省石化厅主持的鉴定。我国汽油产品大部分来自催化汽油,硫醇的存在影响汽油品质,一般催化汽油中硫醇含     

净化车间脱硫岗位栲胶脱硫工艺使用888脱硫催化剂的实际应用

本文主要介绍888脱硫催化剂的组成,它是由酞菁钴有机化合物,水扬酸磺酸铵化合物,2.G二磺酸铵1.4苯醌按一定比例复配而成。该催化剂具有脱除无机硫及部分脱除有机硫特性和该脱硫剂的使用方法。     

室温离子液体BPBF4为溶剂合成六羧基双核酞菁钴

以偏酐、均酐、尿素、六水合氯化钴为原料,钼酸铵为催化剂,室温离子液体BPBF4为溶剂合成了六酰胺基双核酞菁钴(CoBPcN6),采用正交实验对影响六酰胺基双核酞菁钴收率的主要因素进行了考察,结果表明,BPBF460 mL,n(均酐)/n(尿素)=50,反应温度200℃,反应时间2 h为最佳条件。将CoBPcN6进一步在碱性条件下水解得六羧基双核酞菁钴,并通过IR、UV-Vis、1HNMR、元素分析等进行了表征。与常规液相法相比,使用室温离子液体为溶剂,不仅避免了使用传统有机溶剂所造成的环境污染,且重复利用性好。     

PDS法脱硫技术简介

1959年美国人发现磺化酞菁钴的催化性质,并将其用于汽油脱硫醇获得成功,后又用聚酞菁钴脱硫醇。由于氰化氢中毒问题,未能用于工业。我国东北师范大学从1977年开始研究解除氰化氢中毒的方法,并研制出耐氰催化剂。先后进行了 PDS 催化剂的合成、脱硫再生性能考     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。