基于纳米石墨烯整理的棉织物防紫外线性能分析

研究纳米石墨烯涂层整理棉织物的防紫外线性能。采用石墨烯纳米片(GNP)作为紫外线吸收剂,水溶性聚氨酯(WPU)为黏合助剂,通过轧-烘-焙方法对棉织物进行涂层整理并研究其性能。通过扫描电子显微镜和傅里叶红外分析光谱表征分析改性棉织物的表观形态和内部结构;采用紫外线防护系数(UPF)评估其防紫外线性能。结果表明:经石墨烯处理后的棉织物展现出较强的紫外线防护性能,当石墨烯添加量为0.4%(质量分数)时,其UPF值达到356.74,是未处理织物的10倍。认为:整理后的织物可以应用于紫外线防护服装和可穿戴设备等。     

银纳米线改性棉织物的制备及其性能

为提高棉织物附加值并改善其对改性成分的吸附性,首先利用高碘酸钠氧化处理以增加棉纤维的粘结性,然后采用一步多元醇还原法,在160℃条件下制备银纳米线(AgNWs)并分散到无水乙醇中,以棉织物为基底,采用浸渍—烘干法将AgNWs整理到棉织物表面。对AgNWs的形貌、长度、直径及结晶结构进行了测试与表征,并分析了整理后棉织物的防紫外线性能、导电性和耐洗性能。结果表明:随着AgNWs质量浓度的增加,棉织物的导电性能提高了80%以上;当AgNWs质量浓度为10g/L时,紫外线防护系数(UPF值)可达55,紫外线透过率可降至2.5%以下;氧化处理使改性棉织物的耐洗性能提高了20%,经氧化处理的改性棉织物经3次洗涤后UPF值仍可达46.51;该柔性导电棉织物可应用于柔性电子纺织品和抗紫外线产品中。     

改性棉织物一浴无盐荧光染色及防紫外线整理

文中采用活性荧光黄FL和反应型紫外线吸收剂LIQ对改性棉织物进行一浴无盐荧光染色和防紫外线整理,探讨了Na2CO3、NaCl用量、温度、时间对改性棉织物染色和防紫外线性能的影响,测试了染色织物的K/S值、UPF指数、紫外线透过率、耐洗性能和染色牢度。结果表明:当活性荧光黄FL和反应型紫外线吸收剂LIQ分别为1%、3%时,改性棉织物一浴无盐荧光染色和防紫外线整理的优化工艺为10 g/L Na2CO3,染色温度65℃,保温染色时间40 min;改性棉织物一浴无盐荧光染色和防紫外线整理后织物UPF指数可达到76左右,经30次标准洗涤后,其UPF指数仍保持在65以上,且具有较高的耐洗色牢度和耐摩擦色牢度。     

新型二苯甲酮类紫外线吸收剂整理工艺研究

为解决夏季服装抗紫外线整理的问题,文章合成了一种新型二苯甲酮类抗紫外线整理剂并将其整理到织物上,以提高织物的抗紫外线性能。以2,4—二羟基二苯甲酮与N—羟基丙烯酰胺在碱性条件下合成一种新型二苯甲酮类紫外线吸收剂,并整理到棉织物上。通过单因素实验探讨最佳整理工艺,使整理剂更好地向纤维内部扩散,与纤维结合更加牢固。通过测定紫外线防护系数(UPF)评定其抗紫外线效果。结果表明:该整理剂对棉织物的最佳整理工艺为,40℃起始,整理剂用量20%(owf),浴比1∶25,氯化钠质量浓度18 g/L,氯化镁质量浓度16 g/L,反应温度100℃,其抗紫外线防护系数UPF值为145.53、断裂强力为253 N、折皱回复角为62.83°,白度为80.86%。     

纯棉织物的石墨烯防紫外导电导热功能整理

采用石墨烯纳米片(GNs)作为功能整理剂,水溶性聚氨酯(WPU)为黏合剂,通过传统的轧-烘-焙工艺对棉织物进行改性整理,研究了改性棉织物的防紫外、导电和导热性能。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)分析改性棉织物的表观形态和内部结构;采用紫外线防护系数(UPF)评估防紫外线性能,采用两探针法测定织物表面导电性能并得到相应的IV曲线。结果表明,经石墨烯改性后的棉织物具有超强的紫外线防护性,其导电性和导热性能也分别有相应的提高。当石墨烯涂覆量为240 mg/m2时,其UPF值达到253.9,远高于未处理棉织物(UPF=8.19);改性棉织物的表面电阻率由未处理时的107Ω·m降到10-1Ω·m。     

丝素蛋白改性棉织物接枝金银花提取物的性能北大核心

采用丝素蛋白溶液对棉织物进行改性,再用金银花提取物(绿原酸)对棉织物进行整理,并对整理前后棉织物的抗紫外线性能、耐洗性、抗皱性、强力、透气性和白度进行分析。结果表明,当丝素蛋白为8 g/L,处理温度为60℃,处理时间为45 min时,棉织物的增重率最大。丝素蛋白改性棉织物接枝金银花提取物后,表面变得粗糙,且有一些附着物,丝素蛋白分子和绿原酸分子在柠檬酸的交联作用下,与棉纤维之间发生酰胺化和酯化交联反应,产生牢固的共价键结合。整理后棉织物的抗皱性能和抗紫外线性能均显著提升,断裂强力、透气性和白度略有下降。织物经过20次洗涤,UPF值仍在35以上,具有良好的抗紫外线性能。     

TiO2-ZnO复合水溶胶对纯棉织物的抗紫外线整理

采用溶胶-凝胶技术制备TiO2-ZnO水溶胶,通过浸轧、烘干、焙烘等工序对纯棉织物进行整理,然后对整理前后织物的抗紫外线性能进行比较,评价其抗紫外线等级,对整理后未皂洗织物和皂洗30次织物的抗紫外线性能进行比较,以评价抗紫外线性能的耐久性.结果表明,经整理的织物UPF等级为50＋,皂洗30次后的UPF等级为35,即经过此法整理的纯棉织物具有很好的紫外线防护性能和良好的耐久性.     

聚乙二醇改性角蛋白对羊毛织物的功能整理

角蛋白具有与人体皮肤一样的氨基酸组成,其良好的生物相容性和亲肤特性使其在织物整理中具有良好的应用前景。为了提高废弃羊毛的利用率,同时改善羊毛织物的各项服用性能,文章采用聚乙二醇(PEG)改性角蛋白和水性聚氨酯共混制备涂层剂,对经过L-半胱氨酸还原处理的羊毛织物进行涂层整理。对整理后的羊毛织物进行服用性能测试,结果表明:PEG改性角蛋白/水性聚氨酯涂层能够吸附在纤维表面形成薄膜,可改善织物的毡缩性能和抗起毛起球性能,毡缩率降到1%以下,抗起毛起球等级3级,紫外线防护系数UPF值可达100以上,且使原本疏水的羊毛织物亲水性极大增强,3 s内即可完全润湿。风格测试显示:织物表面变光滑,但整体手感变硬,强度微降。     

改性棉织物的一浴无盐染色和抗紫外性能的研究

采用改性剂PECH—amine对棉织物进行阳离子改性．然后用活性荧光黄FL和反应型紫外线吸收剂LIQ对棉织物进行一浴无盐染色和抗紫外线整理。探讨了改性剂和氢氧化钠用量、改性温度和时间对棉织物改性后染色和抗紫外线性能的影响,测试了改性整理织物的K／S值、UPF指数、紫外线透过率、耐洗性能和染色牢度。结果表明：采用1％（omf）的活性荧光黄FL和3％（omf）的LIQ,棉织物改性一浴无盐荧光染色和抗紫外线整理的优化工艺为改性剂PECH—amine 10g／L,氢氧化钠10g/L,改性温度90℃,保温时间60min。改性后棉织物染色和抗紫外一浴无盐整理的UPF指数可达到55左右,经过30次标准水洗之后,其UPF指数仍保持在50以上,耐洗和耐摩擦色牢度达到4级以上。     

纳米ZnO/有机氟硅改性聚丙烯酸酯乳液的合成及应用

为提高棉织物的抗紫外线、疏水和柔软性等服用性能,以纳米ZnO、甲基丙烯酸十二氟庚酯、3-(异丁烯酰氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸丁酯为反应单体,采用半连续种子乳液聚合法制备得到核壳型纳米ZnO/氟硅改性聚丙烯酸酯乳液,然后用于棉织物整理。借助红外光谱仪、X光电子能谱仪和热重分析仪等对制备的乳液进行结构和性能分析,使用织物风格仪等测试了整理后棉织物的应用性能。结果表明:制备的复合乳液呈核壳结构,平均粒径为45.64 nm,Zeta电位平均值为-43.4 mV;整理后棉织物的紫外线透过率为2.13%,紫外线防护系数为50.18,具有良好的抗紫外线防护性能;整理棉织物的水接触角为136.14°,其弯曲刚度和动、静摩擦因数均明显下降,具有优异的柔软性及光滑的手感。     

乌拉草纤维素纳米晶的制备及其对棉织物抗紫外线功能整理

为了增加棉织物的抗紫外线性能,将2,2,6,6—四甲基哌啶—1—氧自由基(TEMPO)氧化法制备的乌拉草纤维素纳米晶(CNC)与壳聚糖(CS)制成整理液,通过二浸二轧工艺制备CS/CNC功能整理棉织物。采用扫描电子显微镜SEM,透射电子显微镜TEM,红外光谱FTIR,X射线衍射XRD以及防晒指数分析仪测试了CNC和CS/CNC整理织物的形态和性能;探讨了CNC含量对棉织物的强力和抗紫外线性能的影响。结果显示:从乌拉草中提取的CNC,平均直径为33nm,平均长度为175 nm,晶型结构为纤维素I型。CNC的加入提高了纯棉织物的断裂强度,并可显著提高棉织物的抗紫外线性能。综合考虑CNC添加量对棉织物强度,抗紫外线性能及耐洗色牢度的影响,得出CNC最佳添加量为质量分数5%,相应整理棉织物的断裂强度和抗紫外线性能分别为纯棉织物的1.27和4.99倍,30次水洗后的UPF值为57.31,仍然具有较好的抗紫外线防护效果。     

Ultraviolet radiation protection by cotton fabrics: role of porous yarn structure,fabric thickness and pore size

The effect of porous yarn structure on ultraviolet (UV) radiation protection by cotton fabric has been investigated. Fabrics with porous yarn structure showed higher ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) in comparison with that of fabrics woven from equivalent normal yarns. Fabric samples having different thickness and individual pore size, at same cover %, were produced by adjusting yarn count and thread density. UPF of UV absorber treated cotton fabrics increased continuously with decreasing thickness and reducing individual pore size when the fabric cover was kept constant at relatively higher levels (93 and 96%). For UV absorber treated cotton fabrics, individual pore size is the dominating factor for determining the UPF.     

An Economical Dyeing Process for Cotton and Wool Fabrics and Improvement their Antibacterial Properties and UV protection

Environmental, economic concerns, and prolonged human exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation have created an increasing demand for natural dyestuff. A study on the cotton and wool fabrics functionality to achieve UV protection and antibacterial properties was carried out by aqueous extract of barberry roots and red onion skin as the natural dyes. The alkaloid berberine extracted from the fruits of Berberis vulgaris and flavonoids and anthocyanin from red onion skin (Alliumcepa L) are natural dyes with antibacterial activity, UV protection and available as waste materials. The properties of dyed wool and cotton fabrics with these two natural dyes and two dyeing methods (exhaustion and ultrasonic) such as their color fastness, color intensity, and antibacterial efficacy ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) were investigated in this research. The results confirmed that the high level of antibacterial activity and (UPF) values of dyed wool fabrics with barberry roots and red onion skin and they are more than the dyed cotton fabrics in the same condition and has better result with the ultrasonic method. So by combining two dyestuff and ultrasonic method, on cotton dyeing, the level of antibacterial activity and UPF value increased.     

Novelty of bamboo fabric

Fabric samples using 100% cotton, 100% viscose rayon, 100% regenerated bamboo viscose fibre and cotton/bamboo viscose blend (60/40) were produced and characterised for hand value and health care applications. The present study shows the results of these woven fabrics in terms of antibacterial, absorbency, ultraviolet protection factor (UPF), static characteristics, moisture vapour permeability (MVTR) and handle and dust catchability. Bamboo fabrics (100%) give better results compared to 100% cotton and 100% viscose fabric in terms of antibacterial property and absorbency i.e. wettability. Bamboo fabric (100%) also shows slightly higher moisture vapour transmission rate than cotton fabric. In the case of UPF, 100% cotton and 100% bamboo give excellent-rated UPF. There is no significant difference between these fabric samples in terms of time to lapse half saturated voltage. Total hand value is higher in the case of viscose and bamboo fabric than cotton fabric. The studies also show that breaking load and extension of bamboo gauze bandages are higher than cotton bandages. Sinking time is faster but absorptive capacity is lower in the case of bamboo gauze bandage than cotton gauze bandage.     

Comparative analysis of in vitro ultraviolet radiation protection of fabrics woven from cotton and bamboo viscose yarns

Ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) of fabrics made of 100% cotton and 100% bamboo viscose yarns were studied and a comparative analysis carried out using curve fitting technique. Bamboo viscose fabrics showed higher shrinkage, cover percentage, areal density and UPF compared to its cotton counterpart woven with identical yarn counts and fabric sett. However, the predictive model of cotton fabric UPF using fabric areal density as the input was able to estimate the UPF of bamboo viscose fabrics with very good accuracy. Furthermore, the 100% cotton and 100% bamboo viscose fabrics showed the same UPF if their cover percentage and areal density is similar. It is inferred from the analysis that the apparently higher UPF of bamboo viscose fabrics can be attributed to their higher cover percentage and areal density instead of bamboo’s inherent UV protective property which has been claimed in various literatures.     

棉织物纳米TiO_2抗紫外线整理

针对纺织品整理时直接使用纳米粒子存在易团聚、分散较困难的问题,采用溶胶凝胶法制备纳米TiO2溶胶,再将其制成织物整理剂。用整理剂对棉织物进行整理(浸轧法),用XRD、扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线能谱仪对制得的TiO2及整理前后的织物进行表征,并测试整理后织物的抗紫外线性能及其他服用性能。结果表明:制得的TiO2为锐钛矿晶型;整理后的棉织物具有优异的抗UV性能;UPF值达到50+级别。标准水洗(皂洗)实验结果显示,50次洗涤后织物的UPF值稍有下降,但仍可保持在50+水平。整理后棉织物的断裂强力没有下降,透气性基本不受影响。     

棉织物柿漆染色工艺及性能

柿漆作为天然染料,其染色织物具有防水防腐的优点。以赋予棉织物抗菌性和紫外防护性能为目的,采用柿漆对棉织物进行直接染色处理。利用扫描电子显微镜观察棉织物的表观形态,PhabrOmeter织物手感评价测试仪测定织物风格,得到染色棉织物存在硬化问题;探究染色次数和染液浓度对棉织物K/S值、增重率和缩率的影响。通过正交试验设计优化染色工艺,测定染色棉织物的抗菌性能、接触角、紫外线防护性能、色牢度以及风格评价,分析柿漆染色对棉织物性能的影响。结果表明:适宜的染色时间为15 min,柿漆稀释浓度为1∶4,染色次数为8次,染色棉织物色牢度良好,且具有较佳的疏水性能、抗菌性能和抗紫外性能,硬挺度增加。     

Cyclodextrin-4 Hydroxy benzophenone inclusion complex for UV protective cotton fabric

An inclusion complex was formed by the reaction of β -cyclodextrin (β -CD) with 4-hydroxy benzophenone (4-HBP), since β -CD acts as a hosting molecule for 4-HBP. The inclusion complex was added to a finishing bath containing citric acid (CA) and sodium hypophosphite (SHP) as a catalyst to provide the cotton fabric anti-crease and ultraviolet (UV) protection properties. Ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) is the scientific term used to indicate the amount of UV protection provided to skin by fabric. The factors affecting the performance properties and UPF were studied in detail. It was noted that at 0.25 g β -CD and 4-HBP represent the optimum concentration for both of the UPF and anti-crease properties. Increasing the CA and SHP concentrations lead to an increase in the UPF and the wrinkle recovery angle (WRA), while the tensile strength of the finished fabric decreases. Also increasing the curing temperature and/or prolonging the duration enhanced the UPF and WRA. While the tensile strength decreased significantly, the durability of the UV protective cotton fabric against successive washings was evaluated at different numbers of washing cycles (0, 15, and 30 washing cycle). The finished fabrics show an excellent durability against 30 successive washing cycles.     

植物染料黄芩的化学成分及其防紫外线性能

为研究植物料黄芩的主要化学成分和防紫外线性能,采用紫外-可见分光光度计测试了黄芩提取液的紫外光谱,利用高效液相色谱法对表征提取物的主要化学成分,并测试了其染色棉织物的防紫外线性能。研究结果表明：黄芩提取液在紫外光区有较强的吸收能力;其提取物主要成分为汉黄芩苷、汉黄芩素、黄芩苷和黄芩素,含有能够吸收紫外线的化学基团,属于紫外线吸收剂;染色织物具有优良的紫外线防护效果,直接染色织物紫外线防护系数为82,紫外线透过率为1.33%,达到国标规定要求,可被称为防紫外线纺织品。