CaF2-Al2O3-MgO-CaO电渣重熔渣系成分与性质演变行为

电渣重熔过程熔渣成分变化使其性质发生改变,将影响重熔工艺顺行和铸锭质量。针对CaF₂-Al₂O₃-MgO-CaO电渣重熔渣系,研究氟化物挥发导致的熔渣成分变化规律,分析随成分变化熔渣结晶行为及流动性质的演变规律。研究结果表明,在电渣重熔过程因氟化物挥发造成熔渣中CaF₂和Al₂O₃含量下降,CaO含量上升,而MgO含量基本保持不变。随熔渣成分变化,渣层中析出的CaF₂晶体由点状或球状变为块状或条状,MgO·Al₂O₃晶体由球状变为树枝状,作为主要析出相的铝酸钙晶体由CaO·6Al₂O₃变为CaO·2Al₂O₃并最终变为12CaO·7Al₂O₃。生产中结晶器上部的渣皮更易发生分层结晶现象,析出相中靠近熔池侧主要为CaF₂晶体,靠近结晶器侧主要...     

Ce2O3对CaF2-CaO-Al2O3-MgO电渣重熔渣系熔化行为的影响

目前,采用电渣重熔(ESR,electroslag remelting)还原稀土渣是一种有效的稀土添加工艺,而稀土氧化物的加入势必会改变渣系熔化性质,进而影响ESR工艺顺行及稀土钢质量。基于分子离子共存理论(IMCT)建立了CaF₂-CaO-Al₂O₃-MgO-Ce₂O₃五元渣热力学模型,从热力学角度分析了渣中各组元对Ce₂O₃活度的影响规律。采用半球法测定了不同Ce₂O₃含量和w((CaO))/w((Al₂O₃))(C/A)条件下渣系熔点,结合SEM-EDS和XRD对渣系物相和微观形貌进行测试与分析。研究结果表明,当温度为1 873 K时,C/A、MgO、Ce₂O₃含量增加均增加渣系中Ce₂O₃的活度,且影响顺序为Ce₂O₃     

CaO-Al2O3-Ce2O3渣系的相平衡关系研究

CaO-Al₂O₃-Ce₂O₃渣系是稀土钢新型冶金渣系的基础渣系,其相平衡关系等热力学信息的缺失限制了相关渣系的研究和开发。本文通过高温相平衡实验,结合X射线衍射分析、扫描电镜及能谱分析,研究了CaO-Al₂O₃-Ce₂O₃渣系的相平衡关系。根据1100℃的实验结果,明确了该渣系中十种物相间的共存关系,以Alkemade连线的形式展示,包括：2CaO·Al₂O₃·Ce₂O₃-CaO、2CaO·Al₂O₃·Ce₂O₃-Ce₂O₃、2CaO·Al₂O₃·Ce₂O₃-3CaO·Al₂O_...     

TiO2含量对于CaF2—Al2O3—CaO—MgO—TiO2五元电渣重熔渣系物性参数的影响

在电渣重熔含钛高温合金时, 加入Ti O₂可以抑制合金中钛的烧损.而渣系的物理性质关系着冶炼的平稳进行和产品的优良品质.本研究以Ca F₂-Al₂O₃-Ca O-MgO为基, 加入不同含量的Ti O₂, 设计了电渣重熔高温合金用五元渣系, 并研究了Ti O₂含量对渣系熔点、黏度、密度、光学碱度和电导率等物性参数的影响规律.结果表明, 熔点变化范围为1264¹296℃, 且随着Ti O₂含量增加, 渣相中低熔点相逐渐生成, 渣系的熔点逐渐降低;渣系中加入Ti O₂可以降低黏度, 且渣系黏度在高温段 (1350¹550℃) 受温度变化影响不大, 利于改善电渣重熔钢锭的表面成形质量;Ti O₂质量分数0⁹%范围内, 渣系电导率、光学碱度和密度随Ti O₂含量增多呈降低趋势, 且密度和光学碱度变化范围不大, 五组渣系都符合电渣重熔对密度和光学碱度的要求.     

Na3AlF6-Al2O3熔盐中铝溶解度的测定

研究了铝在Na3AlF6-Al2O3熔盐中溶解度的测定方法。采用氟化钠与试样在高温下熔融,熔融物溶解水后加入硼酸-氢氧化钠溶液,过滤沉淀将氧化 铝除去,取其中一部分溶液在pH5.5～6.0 的条件下,加入过量的EDTA标准溶液,加热煮沸使之与铝完全络合,以二甲酚橙作指示剂,用锌标准溶液 滴定过量的EDTA ,从而得到Na3AlF6-Al2O3熔盐中铝离子的含量,再采用氟离子选择电极测定另一部分溶液中氟含量,计算得到冰晶石中铝离子含量 ,采用减氟法得到铝在Na3AlF6-Al2O33体系中溶解量。这个值是用来表征铝在电解质熔体中的溶解损失能力的大小,对生产工艺很重要。     

CaF2-CaO-Al2O3-MgO电渣渣壳结构及其形成机制

为进一步明晰电渣渣壳凝固过程,结合H13钢固定式结晶器电渣重熔工艺,通过扫描电镜和能谱分析解析了工业CaF₂-CaO-Al₂O₃-MgO电渣渣壳结构及其形成机制。结果表明,受电渣凝固过程相析出行为和渣壳径向传热行为的共同控制,从外(结晶器侧)到内(电渣锭侧),电渣依次生成激冷层、柱状晶区、细小等轴晶区、粗大等轴晶区和二次凝固区5层结构,其中激冷层由玻璃相和CaF₂相组成,柱状晶区、等轴晶区和二次凝固区均由CaF₂、CaO·2Al₂O₃和MgO·Al₂O₃三相组成;从激冷层到粗大等轴晶区,CaF₂相比例降低,MgO·Al₂O₃相比例升高,从粗大等轴晶区到二次凝固区,二者的变化趋势相反。研究结果对于优化电渣成分和电渣重熔工艺具有指导意义。     

MgO含量对CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO熔渣中液态相影响的模拟

运用Factsage软件模拟了MgO含量对CaO-SiO₂-Al₂O₃-MgO熔渣中液相区的影响.结果表明,随着CaO-SiO₂-Al₂O₃-MgO渣中MgO含量增加,渣中低熔点液相区整体向低CaO高SiO₂区移动.相图中1500℃液相区比例由0%MgO（质量分数）时的25.05%上升至9%MgO（质量分数）时的52.69%,而后降至15%MgO时的46.70%.相图中1400℃液相区比例由3%MgO时的14.41%上升至11%MgO时的34.39%,而后降至15%MgO时的31.04%.相图中1300℃液相区比例由5%MgO时的5.57%上升至14%MgO时的11.02%,而后降至15%MgO时的10.50%.相图中1200℃液相区域比例在MgO为0~6%时为零,由7%MgO时的0.88%上升至11%MgO时的1.22%,在MgO为13%~15%时降为零.模拟结果可对以CaO-SiO₂-Al₂O₃-MgO为基本组元配置炼钢渣系的成分选择提供有效指导.     

Sm3+/Ce3+共掺杂B2O3-Al2O3-SiO2玻璃的结构和激光吸收性能

在硼铝硅酸盐玻璃(43B₂O₃-25Al₂O₃-32SiO₂)中进行Sm³⁺/Ce³⁺共掺杂,采用固相熔融法制备(B₂O₃-Al₂O₃-SiO₂)-20Sm₂O₃-x CeO₂(x为0～6%,摩尔分数)玻璃,借助X射线衍射、扫描电镜、X射线光电子能谱、紫外-可见-近红外分光光度计等表征方法研究玻璃的结构和激光吸收性能。结果表明,所有样品均为玻璃状,Sm³⁺和Ce³⁺均匀分布。随CeO₂的摩尔分数从0增加到2%,玻璃中桥氧的摩尔分数从60.12%增加到63.82%,而当CeO₂的摩尔分数增加到6%时,桥氧的摩尔分数下降到59.41%。CeO₂摩尔分数为2%...     

CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO-FeO渣对Al2O3的溶解

为了控制低碳铝镇静钢中Al₂O₃夹杂物,并提升渣系对Al₂O₃夹杂物吸附能力,采用FactSage 8.1模拟计算CaO-SiO₂-Al₂O₃-5%MgO-5%FeO渣系的等黏度图和等ΔC/η(ΔC=C■-C■,η为渣的黏度)值线图。根据模拟计算图选取合适的五元精炼渣做Al₂O₃的吸附试验,试验研究了Al₂O₃在CaO-SiO₂-Al₂O₃-5%MgO-5%FeO渣系中的溶解速率,讨论了Al₂O₃棒浸入深度、直径、转速、渣成分以及温度对Al₂O₃溶解速率的影响,求解了Al₂O₃在溶解过程中的活化能。最后,采用场发射扫描电子显微镜(Apreo S HiVa...     

MgO对CaO-Al2O3基四元系保护渣熔渣微结构的影响

 为了研究MgO对CaO-Al₂O₃-B₂O₃-MgO四元渣系微结构的影响规律,通过Scigress分子动力学软件构建了CaO-Al₂O₃-B₂O₃-MgO基四元渣系的熔渣网络结构模型。研究表明,熔渣中出现了高配位的铝和三配位氧来补偿[AlO₄]5-四面体负电荷过剩;硼作为网络形成体与氧的结合能力最强,其配位结构是以三配位的三角体和四配位的四面体存在;MgO作为网络修饰子起到补偿电荷及解聚网络的作用。随着MgO质量分数的增加,增强了Al—O网络结构的稳定性,但熔体的聚合度和网络结构的复杂程度呈下降趋势。     

Effect of Fe2O3 Loading Amount on Catalytic Properties of Monolithic Fe2O3/Ce0.67Zr0.33O2 -Al2O3 Catalyst for Methane Combustion

Ce0.67Zr0.33O2-Al2O3 solid solution was prepared by the co-precipitation method. Fe2O3-based catalysts supported on the solid solution were obtained by the impregnation method. The article revealed that the optimal loading amount of Fe2O3 on Ce0.67Zr0.33 O2-Al2O3 in our experimental condition for catalytic combustion of methane was 8% （ mass fraction）. The prepared catalysts were characterized by BET, TPR, XRD analyses, and their catalytic activity was investigated after being calcined at 873 K and after being aged in water gas at 1273 K. When the loading amount of Fe203 was 8% （ mass fraction）, the catalyst held the highest activity, and the best temperature speciality and thermal stability. The complete-conversion temperature of methane for fresh and aged sample was 788 and 838 K, respectively. The range between the light-off temperature and the complete-conversion temperature was only 15 K. The characterization results of XRD indicated that Fe2O3 was well dispersed on the Ce0.67Zr0.33O2-Al2O3 matrix. The results of BET and TPR were in good harmony with the catalytic activity results.     

Synthesis of neodymium modified CeO2-ZrO2-Al2O3 support materials and their application in Pd-only three-way catalysts

Ce-Zr-Al-Nd2O3 (CZAN) support materials were prepared by co-precipitation and impregnation methods, respectively. They were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), low temperature nitrogen adsorption-desorption, oxygen pulsing technique, H2-temperature pro-grammed reduction (H2-TPR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The Pd-only three-way catalysts (Pd-TWC) supported on these materials were prepared by incipient wetness method and studied by activity tests. The results demonstrated that the CZAN supports obtained by the two methods showed better structural, textural and redox properties than the CZA without Nd2O3, and the addition of Nd2O3 improved the catalytic activity of TWC. Especially, the CZAN-i support prepared by impregnation method had better thermal stability and redox prop-erty. Meanwhile, the Pd/CZAN-i catalyst exhibited the best catalytic performance. XPS measurements indicated that the Nd-modified sam-ples possessed more Ce3+ and oxygen vacancies on the surface of samples, which led to a better redox property. The excellent redox property of support materials helped to improve the catalytic activity of TWC.     

CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO-FeO渣系FeO活度的计算模型

利用熔渣结构共存理论建立了CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO-FeO渣系FeO活度的计算模型,并分析了1400℃时炉渣碱度、MgO和FeO含量对该渣系FeO活度的影响规律。结果表明：当CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO-FeO渣系三元碱度为1.3,Al2O3含量为12wt%,FeO含量为2wt%条件下,随MgO含量的增加,炉渣FeO活度增大;当二元碱度为1.1,Al2O3含量为12wt%,MgO含量为10wt%时,FeO活度随随渣中FeO含量的增加呈线性增加;当渣中Al2O3、MgO和FeO含量分别为12wt%、10wt%和2wt%固定不变时,随着二元碱度的提高,炉渣FeO活度迅速增加。计算得到的上述规律和实测规律一致,说明了本模型用于分析FeO活度的正确性。     

Characterization of CuO Species and Thermal Solid-Solid Interaction in CuO/CeO2-Al2O3 Catalyst by In-Situ XRD, Raman Spectroscopy and TPR

Transference of CuO species and thermal solid-solid interaction in CuO/CeO2-Al2O3 catalyst prepared by an impregnation method were characterized by in-situ XRD, Raman spectroscopy and H2-TPR techniques. For the catalyst calcined at 300℃, two kinds of CuO species coexist on the surface, that is, highly dispersed and bulk CuO crystalline phase. Four kinds of CuO species are present for the catalyst calcined at 600 ℃, ： （1） highly dispersed CuO, （2） bulk CuO on the surface, （3） bulk CuO in the internal layer of CeO2, and （4） CuAl2O4 formed from CuO-Al2O3 interaction. For the catalyst calcined at 800 ℃,C, besides very little highly dispersed and bulk CuO on the surface, most of the CuO has transferred into the internal layer of CeO2 and the mass of CuAl2O4 are increased. At 900 ℃,, all of CuO has diffused into the internal layer of CeO2 and formed CuAl2O4. The results show that the distribution of CuO species in the catalysts depends on the calcination temperature; the different CuO species can be effectively confirmed by in-situ XRD, Raman spectroscopy and H2-TPR techniques.     

Catalytic Partial Oxidation of Methane over Ni/CeO2-ZrO2-Al2O3

Nickel catalysts supported on CeO2-ZrO2-CeO2,ZrO2-Al2O3 and Al2O3 were prepared and characterized by means of X-ray diffraction（XRD）,BET areas,H2 temperature-programmed reduction（H2-TPR）,and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS）.Through the test of catalytic partial oxidation of methane（CPOM）,Ni/CeO2-ZrO2-Al2O3 displayed the highest activity,which resulted from its largest BET area and best NiO dispersion.Furthermore,Ni/CeO2-ZrO2-Al2O3 maintained a long-time stability in CPOM,which was attributed to its best coking resistance among all the prepared catalysts.     

Research on Y2O3：Eu Phosphor Coated with In2O3

Y2O3：Eu red phosphor for FED application was prepared by high temperature solid-state reaction. The In2O3 coating by precipitation method to the phosphor was applied and the analyses of XRD, Zeta potential, SEM, EDS and low voltage cathodoluminescence （CL） were conducted for investigating the coating effect. The results showed that In2O3 coating promoted the low voltage CL of the phosphor efficiently. The promotion was possibly due to the enhancement of the surface conductivity of the phosphor grains.     

Synthesis of Al2O3/TiCN-0.2%Y2O3 Composite by Hot Pressing

Al2O3/TiCN composites were synthesized by hot pressing.The influences of components and HP temperature on mechanical properties,such as bending strength,breaking tenacity and Vickers hardness were investigated.The results showed that the mechanical properties of Al2O3/TiCN composite increased with temperature when hot pressing temperature is below 1650 ℃.The mechanical properties reached their maximums when the composites were sintered at 1650 ℃ for 30 min under hot pressing pressure of 35 MPa,the value of bending strength,breaking tenacity and Vickers hardness was 1015 MPa,6.89 MPa·m1/2,and 20.82 MPa,respectively.When hot pressing temperature was above 1650 ℃,density decreased because of decomposition with increased temperature,and mechanical properties dropped because of rapid growth of grains in size at high temperature.Microstructure analysis showed that the addition of Y2O3 led to the formation of YAG phase so as to inhibit the growth of crystals.This helped to improve breaking tenacity of the composites.TiCN particles with diameters of 1 μm dispersed at Al2O3 grain boundaries,inhibited grain growth and enhanced mechanical properties of the composites.SEM study of the propagation of indentation cracks showed that the bridge linking behavior between matrix and strengthening phase might lead to the formation of the coexisted field of crack deflection,branching and bridge linking.The mechanism of this phenomenon was that the addition of Y2O3 improved the dispersion of TiCN particles so as to enhance the tenacity of the composites.The breaking tenacity was changed from 5.94 to 6.89 MPa·m1/2.     

MgO及碱度对FeOx-SiO2-CaO-MgO-Al2O3体系液相生成的影响

 为研究MgO含量及碱度对球团矿及烧结矿液相生成特性的影响,以FeO_x-SiO₂-CaO-MgO-Al₂O₃五元体系为研究基础,通过固定SiO₂和Al₂O₃质量分数,以碱度及MgO质量分数为变量,采用FactSage模拟与熔点熔速试验数据相结合的方法,探究了MgO质量分数及碱度变化对FeO_x-SiO₂-CaO-MgO-Al₂O₃体系液相生成特性的影响,并以此确定此五元体系最佳MgO质量分数及碱度范围,为企业生产实践提供理论支撑。结果表明,当体系w(MgO) 变化范围为1.5%～3.0%时,体系高熔点化合物的生成量随着MgO质量分数的提高而增加,抑制了液相生成,体系的液相区会随着MgO质量分数的增加而逐渐缩小;当碱度为2.0和1.8时,体系的熔融速率较为稳定,便于控制。     

Synthesis of ZrO2-HfO2-Y2O3-Sc2O3 Nano-Particles by Sol-Gel Technique in Aqueous Solution of Alcohol

Zirconium dioxide is a significant material withgood physicochemical characteristics . It is used inmanyfields such as energysources ,material and envi-ronment . Cubic phase zirconium dioxide doped withyttria (YSZ) is alreadyin wide use in solid oxygenfu-…