Y分子筛/介孔Al-SBA-15复合材料与脱铝Y分子筛的表征和重油加氢裂化性能

采用两步法和水热-化学方法制备了具有高水热稳定性的Y分子筛/介孔Al-SBA-15复合材料和含有介孔的脱铝Y分子筛,用浸渍法制备了加氢裂化催化剂,并利用XRD、N2 吸附、SEM、XRF和TEM等分析手段对Y分子筛/介孔Al-SBA-15复合材料、含有介孔的脱铝Y分子筛及其催化剂的物化性质进行了对比分析。相同条件下催化剂的重油加氢裂化性能对比评价结果表明,以Y分子筛/介孔Al-SBA-15复合材料为载体的加氢裂化催化剂的中间馏分油收率和中油选择性高达66.21%和84.5%,比以脱铝Y分子筛为载体的催化剂分别提高了5.68%和5.7%。     

Al-SBA-15介孔分子筛及其吸附脱氮研究

采用嫁接法制备了Al-SBA-15介孔分子筛,并对硅铝比、焙烧温度等影响产物的制备因素进行了考察。通过XRD,BET,FT-IR,NH3-TPD等分析手段对所得样品进行了分析。将所得产物Al-SBA-15与SBA-15在相同条件下进行了吸附脱除碱性氮化物对比实验。结果表明:Al-SBA-15保留了SBA-15高度有序的二维六方介孔结构。AlSBA-15具有比SBA-15更好的吸附脱氮能力,在焙烧温度550℃、硅铝比(原子比)为50的条件下,Al-SBA-15(50)介孔分子筛最高脱氮率为68.02%,此时饱和吸附量为30.6 mg/g。     

直接合成Nb-SBA-15催化氧化苯乙烯

用直接合成法制备Nb-SBA-15介孔分子筛,并用XRD、BET、FT-IR和DTA测试手段对其进行分析。结果表明,Nb-SBA-15仍保留高度有序的介孔结构。以质量分数30%的H2O2为氧化剂,丙酮为溶剂,对Nb-SBA-15催化氧化苯乙烯反应进行了研究,试验得到较适宜工艺条件为:反应温度为70℃,反应时间为10 h,催化剂用量为原料质量的10.0%,n(苯乙烯)∶n(H2O2)∶n(丙酮)=1∶2∶2,苯乙烯的转化率可达43.21%,苯甲醛的选择性为94.32%。     

氨基改性SBA-15介孔分子筛的制备及其铬离子吸附性能

以3-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷(APTMS)为氨基改性试剂,采用后嫁接法制备氨基功能化的SBA-15介孔分子筛。利用扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、X-射线衍射仪、氮气吸附-脱附等温线和傅里叶红外光谱等表征手段对氨基改性SBA-15介孔分子筛的形貌、结构进行了分析。考察了吸附时间、吸附温度和溶液pH等因素对铬离子(Ⅵ)吸附率的影响。结果表明:与纯SBA-15介孔分子筛相比,氨基改性后的SBA-15分子筛对铬离子(Ⅵ)具有更好的吸附性能。     

Nb-SBA-15催化合成2,4-二叔丁基苯酚

以介孔分子筛SBA-15为载体,采用浸渍法合成了Nb-SBA-15催化剂。通过XRD、BET和TG/DTA测试手段对样品进行了分析。以甲基叔丁基醚和苯酚为原料,研究了Nb-SBA-15在合成2,4-二叔丁基苯酚的反应中的催化活性,考察了反应条件对反应结果的影响。试验结果表明,Nb-SBA-15具有较好的催化活性和稳定性。适宜的烷基化反应条件为:Nb的负载量为15%(质量分数,以Nb2O5计),反应温度为160℃,甲基叔丁基醚(MTBE)与苯酚的摩尔比为2.0,反应时间为4.0h,催化剂用量为原料质量的4.55%。     

间接模板剂法合成介孔SAPO-11分子筛及其加氢异构化性能

采用水热合成法,将未焙烧的介孔材料SBA-15作为硅源合成介孔SAPO-11分子筛。利用X射线衍射、N2吸附-脱附等温曲线,BET物理吸附,NH3-TPD以及扫描电子显微镜等对分子筛的形貌和孔结构性质进行表征。将正十二烷作为原料,考察负载量为0.5%的Pt/SAPO-11分子筛催化剂的加氢异构化反应催化性能。结果表明:以未焙烧的SBA-15作为硅源制备介孔SAPO-11分子筛,介孔比表面积为77.2 m2/g以及介孔孔容为0.261 m~3/g,有效降低孔道传质阻力,酸量显著增加,活性位增多,使长链烷烃加氢异构化的选择性达到65.21%。     

介孔分子筛集砷材料的制备与表征

通过浸渍法在介孔分子筛上负载亲砷活性组分,制备了介孔分子筛集砷材料。用XRD、SEM、N2吸附和脱附进行了表征,并针对液态烃常温脱砷体系,对该材料的吸附集砷性能进行了进一步的测定。研究结果表明介孔分子筛集砷材料具有比常规脱砷剂更为优良的集砷性能。     

MCM-41和SBA-15动态吸附VOCs特性和穿透模型

采用模板剂法制备了具有规整孔道的MCM-41和SBA-15介孔分子筛,考察了两种介孔分子筛动态吸附甲苯、邻二甲苯、均三甲苯的特性.结果表明,MCM-41平均孔径小,孔壁叠加作用力强,更适合吸附中、低浓度的VOCs,对芳烃类VOCs为典型的I型吸附等温线;SBA-15具有微孔和介孔共存的特点,平均孔径大,对大分子和高浓度...     

BiVO4/SBA-15的制备及其光催化氧化性能

为提高BiVO_4催化活性,以SBA-15为载体,通过后合成法制备了BiVO_4/SBA-15介孔分子筛,通过X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、能量色散谱、N_2吸附-脱附等方法对制备的样品进行了表征。结果表明:样品具有介孔孔道结构,BiVO_4均匀分散于SBA-15分子筛表面。以苯乙烯制备苯甲醛为探针反应考察了制备条件对其活性的影响。结果表明:BiVO_4水热时间为18 h,BiVO_4负载量为15%,530℃焙烧2 h时,所制备的BiVO_4/SBA-15在光催化氧化反应中具有较高的光催化活性,苯乙烯转化率达到82.86%,苯甲醛选择性达到59.62%。     

甲基化SBA–15分子筛的制备与表征

以甲基三甲氧基硅烷为偶联剂,用后合成法对SBA-15分子筛进行改性,制备了甲基官能化的SBA-15分子筛CH3-(SBA-15).以元素分析、粉末X射线衍射、Fourier变换红外光谱、低温N2吸附-脱附技术和热重-差热分析等对产物进行了分析.结果表明:分子筛SBA-15上成功地引入了甲基官能团,并且合成的甲基化分子筛具有良好的介孔孔道结构及热稳定性.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。