偏馈FZPA焦区场特性研究

基于菲涅尔原理提出了一种椭圆形相位修正区域的偏馈菲涅尔区相位修正平面反射面天线（ＦＺＰＡ），在正入射和斜入射等不同情形下，利用物理光学法分析了其聚焦平面的场幅分布。有关结果表明，这种新型的ＦＺＰＡ具有良好聚焦特性，达到了设计目的。     

一种偏馈FZP天线的设计方法

本文通过对FZP反射面偏轴扫描特性进行的分析,基于菲涅尔区相位修正原理,提出一种新型的偏馈FZP反射面天线设计方法,并利用物理光学方法得到一组模拟计算的数值结果。通过与正馈FZP反射面天线的比较,证实了这种反射面天线具有一些很好的聚焦特性。有关数值结果有助于该类天线的实际设计。     

Electromagnetic analysis of beam-scanning antenna at millimeter-wave band based on photoconductivity using Fresnel-zone-plate technique

The proposed antenna is a Fresnel-zone-plate antenna (FZPA) in the Ka band that scans the beam of millimeter wave source. The antenna includes a semiconductor wafer (silicon, gallium arsenide) in which a spatially varying density of charge carriers is selectively established through selective optical illumination using a pulse laser. It is shown that the beam of the antenna can be scanned through the space by reconfiguring the masking of the wafer. The beam scanning is done in the transmission mode. The analysis of the far-zone radiation characteristics is presented using physical optics. Results for the antenna gain, the efficiency, and the co- and cross-polar patterns are given.     

反射面天线馈源喇叭边缘照射电平的分析

反射面天线设计的关键就是通过选择合适的喇叭馈源边缘照射电平以追求天线的高性能（增益,旁瓣电平, 效率等）。本文主要利用实例验证了标准反射面天线馈源喇叭的优选边缘照射电平,分析了赋形反射天线馈源喇叭的优选 边缘照射电平,给出了标准反射面和赋形反射面在设计中各自馈源喇叭的优选边缘照射电平。从而可以在设计工作中对 于不同形式的反射面天线有针对性的设计馈源喇叭的边缘照射电平。     

双弯曲赋形反射面天线的外形选择

对双弯曲赋形反射面外形特征进行了理论分析，研究了不同外形反射面对天线电性能的影响，给出了选择反射面外形的方法，对双弯曲赋形反射面天线的设计有一定的帮助。     

多模反射面天线理论与技术研究

在卫星星座跟踪、远距离微波能传输等需要构建大功率均匀场的领域,都需要具有平顶波束的高增益反射面天线.受多模和混合模喇叭天线的启发,文中创新性地在反射面天线设计中引入了多模的理念.首先提出了双模反射面的思路,即在标准抛物面天线的最大辐射方向上引入相位差为180°的反相模式场,由两种模式合成平顶波束.然后,将双模的理念推广...     

High efficiency and low sidelobe design for a large aperture offset reflector antenna

A design method giving high efficiency and low sidelobes is discussed for large aperture offset reflector antennas. A new reflector shaping technique using the subreflector and the beam waveguide reflector with the parabolic main reflector is proposed to simplify the main reflector manufacturing process. The effectiveness of the technique is confirmed by the model experiments. One problem with this reflector shaping technique is that the subreflector edge level cannot be controlled independently of the main reflector edge level. By investigating the relation between the gain reduction and the subreflector edge level, which affects the wide-angle sidelobe levels, the realizable characteristics of antennas are studied. In order to decrease the subreflector edge level without reducing the aperture efficiency, a technique using an extended reflector is also proposed. Its effectiveness is shown by theoretical and experimental investigations.     

空间遥感器Ф2 m量级大口径SiC反射镜镜坯结构设计

空间遥感器的大口径反射镜的设计目标是高比刚度。为限制发射成本,尽可能降低镜体质量;为保证反射镜的功能需求,尽可能提高镜体自身的刚度,随着反射镜口径的增大,反射镜的轻量化设计更加重要。针对某Ф2 m口径天基大口径反射镜镜体的轻量化设计,采用了传统经验设计、拓扑优化设计和尺寸参数优化设计相结合的综合优化设计方法,相对大口径反射镜镜体的传统轻量化设计方法,这种综合优化设计方法可使设计结果快速收敛,获得最优化的设计结构。采用综合优化设计方法完成镜体的优化设计后,Ф2 m口径天基大口径反射镜镜体的质量为326 kg,镜体轻量化率高达82.5%,单镜在光轴竖直状态,在1 g重力载荷作用下,取决于镜体刚度的评价镜体成像质量的镜面面形精度RMS值的变化量优于4.9 nm,单镜在光轴水平状态,在1 g重力载荷作用下,镜面面形精度RMS值的变化量优于4.3 nm。结果表明,镜体质量优于设计要求的340 kg;镜面面形精度RMS值变化量优于设计要求的5 nm,满足了镜体要求的高比刚度要求。     

Equivalent hyperboloid (ellipsoid) and its application

Analogous to the equivalent paraboloid, the equivalent hyperboloid (ellipsoid) for dual quadratic surface reflector antennas is derived. The condition that the equivalent reflector is center fed is also derived. The numerical example shows that a reflector geometry that satisfies this center fed condition is a good initial antenna geometry to design a shaped dual reflector antenna     

激光自混合干涉式位移测量数值模拟及实验研究

对激光自混合干涉式位移测量原理进行了数值模拟和实验研究。首先，从三镜法布里珀罗腔理论出发，得到了基于半导体激光自混合干涉原理的位移测量模型，在此基础上对多种波形调制外反射体位移情况下激光自混合干涉信号进行了理论分析，证实信号倾斜方向发生反转的间隔条纹数目对应反射体位移的幅值范围；反射体有半个波长的位移，信号即输出一个完整的条纹；反馈强度的增加将增大输出条纹的倾斜。对信号倾斜现象进一步分析发现，当反射体位移减小时，信号向左倾斜，反之向右。造成信号倾斜的原因是由于高反馈强度下引起的非线性相位调制了输出信号强度。这些结论同样适用于任意波形调制的反射体位移。实验测试结果同理论分析吻合较好。     

赋形反射面天线形变效应的研究

本文利用物理光学法（PO）分析了赋形双弯曲反射面天线在冲击波形变效应的影响下远区辐射场的变化，并由测试结果建立了反射面形变的数学模型，推导出了辐射场的计算方法。结果表明，由于反射面的局部形变，直接导致辐射方向图的恶化，并且随着形变部分面积的增大，水平面的副瓣抬高很大，不同部位的形变对方向图的影响也是不同的。中间部位形变对反射面方向图的影响要大于边缘形变对反射面方向图的影响。     

用FDTD和物理光学混合法分析毫米波抛物面天线

抛物面天线通常的分析方法是几何光学法和物理光学法,对于电大尺寸的抛物面天线这两种方法都可以得到较好的结果,对于电小尺寸馈源的抛物面天线,馈源方向图不仅取决于辐射器本身的辐射特性,其馈电结构对馈源方向图也有较大的影响,在此情况下,用上述方法得到的结果与实验结果之间有较大的误差.利用FDTD可以把整个馈电结构纳入计算域中,得到辐射器完整的近区场,由等效原理可求出抛物面上电流分布,从而用物理光学方法计算抛物面天线远区场.本文用这种混合方法分析计算了毫米波波导裂缝作为辐射器的抛物面天线,计算结果和测试结果相当吻合,证明了方法的有效性.     

双频基站天线中的反射板形状设计

蜂窝移动通信系统中的基站天线通常由直线阵列加反射板构成,而反射板的形状主要影响天线的前后比特性及水平面辐射方向图.该文对适合于基站天线的几种典型反射板形状进行优选,并采用矩量法线栅技术仿真计算了各种反射板形状对天线辐射性能的影响,根据仿真结果给出了满足基站天线双频辐射要求的反射板形状.     

可折叠反射面天线的发展现状及前景

随着材料科学的发展,轻型、可折叠、易携带的反射面天线,逐渐推广和取代了一些特殊场合的金属固面反射面天线。文中从技术发展需要阐明了可折叠反射面天线研究的意义;并从可折叠反射面天线目前的类别和新材料带来的机遇两个方面介绍了可折叠反射面天线的发展现状和前景     

Triple corner reflector antenna and its performance in H-plane

An experimental investigation of a novel corner reflector antenna with improved performance is reported. The corner reflector antenna has been structurally modified by attaching two more reflector elements. The parameters such as the primary corner angle, position, width and angle of the secondary elements have significant effects on the H-plane radiation characteristics of the antenna. Certain symmetric configurations of this triple corner reflector (TCR) antenna provide sharp beams with a gain of the order of 3 dB over that of the conventional corner reflector (CR) antenna     

Characterization of effects of periodic and aperiodic surface distortions on membrane reflector antennas

The focus of this paper is to characterize the effects of periodic and aperiodic surface distortions on the performance of membrane reflector antennas. Since the surface of this class of reflector antennas is very thin, it is susceptible to various types of periodic and aperiodic distortions. The particular antenna dimensions used for this study are similar to the specifications for the JPL/UCLA half scale model of second generation precipitation radar (PR-2) mission reflector. Analytical expressions are introduced to model periodic and aperiodic surfaces and based on these models the effects of distortions on the radiation performance of the antenna are simulated. Aperiodic distortions are more realistic cases of distortions due to the fact that the period of the distortions is not constant through out the reflector surface. For each case, far-field patterns of the reflector are simulated and it is shown that closed-form expressions can then be derived which result in a very efficient computational method to predict some of the unique features of these patterns including location and level of observed grating lobes. Furthermore, based on spatial Fourier analysis of the surface distortion, it is shown that deviation from periodicity in the distortions of reflector surface results in lowering these grating lobes. Parametric studies have been performed to provide design guidelines for acceptable surface behavior for large deployable membrane reflector antennas for future space borne missions.     

用于高功率CO2激光器反射镜的研究

本文讨论了一种用于高功率CO2激光器反射镜的设计、制备、测试及冷却,比较了反镜基底材料的优劣。应用表明:这种反射镜远优于铜基底镀金的反射镜。     

Focal shifts in parabolic reflectors

Given a parabolic reflector, the maximum directivity is not always achieved by placing the feed at the focal point. Depending on the nature of the feed, the maximum directivity can be obtained by axially displacing the feed either toward or away from the reflector. For low-tapered feeds, the shift should be toward the reflector. This result is similar to an optical phenomenon called the focal shift. We find that this positive shift depends mainly on the Fresnel number of the reflector. For highly tapered feeds, the shift should be away from the reflector. This negative shift becomes significant when the reflector aperture is small, in units of wavelength. A unified view is presented to explain both the positive shift and the negative shift in terms of spillover, aperture illumination efficiency and phase asynchronism. For a system with optimum aperture edge taper, no focal shift can exist.     

高功率激光反射镜变形的半导体致冷补偿的研究

激光谐振腔中的反射镜在激光作用下其镜面产生变形，使反射镜面偏离原设计要求。实验表明，半导体致冷铜镜和硅镜可以很好地补偿激光热变形，使反射镜在承受激光功率的时候，其镜面面型保持不变。此外，半导体致冷镜还有无压力变形、致冷量可控、致冷均匀等优点。     

射电望远镜主动反射面控制技术简析

文中简单分析了大型卡塞格伦射电望远镜主动反射面技术的调整系统的几个关键技术。首先介绍了天线表面误差与系统增益及分辨率的关系,以及经典的误差测量方法。然后着重分析微波全息测量法在主动反射面调整控制技术中的应用。最后简介了可基于全息测量和闭环控制的总线式控制系统,为闭环控制的设计奠定基础。