压力容器开孔等面积补强简易判断法

根据压力容器开孔等面积补强原则 ,按照国标规定的设计公式推导得出开孔补强的简便判断式 ,该式具有简易性和可靠性     

对“压力容器开孔等面积补强的简易判定法”的一点意见

“压力容器开孔等面积补强的简易判定法”《化工设备设计》1988年第6期一文提出的压力容器筒体或封头的径向或非径向接管开孔补强简易判定的一般式,是正确的,是适用的。     

搅拌釜式反应器开孔补强的探讨

搅拌釜式反应器的设计过程当中,开孔补强的设计计算问题是最复杂。因为,在搅拌釜式反应器的釜体上需要的开孔数目多而且开孔类型各不相同。本文,通过分析研究搅拌釜式反应器的开孔补强计算方法的选择、开孔直径的判别、开孔补强的判别,提出如何对搅拌釜式反应器进行快速、简便的开孔补强设计计算。     

一种简易开孔补强方法介绍

鉴于压力容器开孔处为容器的重要破塥源,而开孔后的补强可较好地解决这一工艺问题,故针对压力容器的开孔补强,总结了开孔补强的设计方法,以及开孔补强的结构和形式,提出了一种简易开孔方法,从理论角度论证其合理性,并用实例验证此种补强方法的可行性,总结出该补强方法在实际应用当中的优点,为此类生产实践提供必要的参考意见。     

压力容器开孔补强的保守判断

对压力容器开孔补强等面积补强法的适用条件进行了分析,并提出了是否进行开孔补强的保守判断公式。     

开孔补强的快速判断及简化计算

在一定条件下,压力容器开孔等面积补强的复杂计算能够被简化和快速判断,因此对于壳体开孔补强的详细计算是没有必要的。     

压力容器接管不需补强和不另行补强的分析

本文对于容器开孔接管的不需补强和不另行补强进行了分析,指出二者在内涵上的区别,并提出统一公式用于判断。文中对于广泛采用的不需补强的判断式进行了分析,与极限分析法(PVRC)不需补强的要求进行比较,同时结合GB150-89《钢制压力容器》和85年版的三部《规定》进行分析讨论。     

钢带式补强结构的分析

本文对钢带式补强结构及其在压力容器开孔接管补强的应用,进行理论分析,提出计算方法以供实用。     

压力容器接管补强及承载能力的计算

本文希望对开孔接管补强问题进行理论分析,推导出开孔接管后的削弱系数计算式从而确定最大承载能力,从中看出补强材料的合理位置及几何尺寸与补强效果关系。对于不同情况不受开孔率的限制,通过大约30项实例计算并与实测数据进行比较,甚为吻合,可供实际工作参考。     

压力容器圆筒体上大开孔补强问题的探讨

容器上开孔后,必须充分考虑开孔补强问题.介绍了等面积法和压力面积法两种开孔补强方法关于开孔补强的异同,并就其中的一些问题进行了探讨.     

The stability of slugs in fluidised beds of fine particles: A theory based on particle pick-up from the wake

A theory for slug stability in fluidised beds of fine particles is developed based on the idea of gas circulation inside bubbles.Data on the intensity of circulation inside gas slugs in liquids are reported and an analogy is drawn with slugs in fluidised beds; this information is coupled with data on gas pick-up velocity for flow over granular beds, to yield a simple criterion for slug stability. A test of this criterion is provided by comparison with data on the stability of freely slugging beds.An X-ray study of slugs in fluidised beds at various pressures is also described that gives further support to the predictions of the theory.     

Analysis of polynomial yield criteria applied to oriented polymers

The anisotropic and isotropic yield properties of PET are described in terms of a tensor polynomial yield criterion published by Malmeister and Tsai-Wu. It is shown in detail how the criterion can be applied to oriented polymer films under the condition of plane stress. The coefficients of the polynomial are related to yield strengths measured in simple experiments. Experimental results obtained for oriented and isotropic PET are shown, and an analysis of the data in terms of the theory is included. In the discussion a comparison is made with the Hill and Hoffman yield criteria for anisotropic materials.     

The application of soil mechanics to spouted bed design

The annular material around a spout may be considered to be a loosely packed assembly of particles with its behavior described by effective stresses using the Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion as employed in soil mechanics. The work shows the development of a height-independent stress model together with an interpretation of the mathematical results in physical terms. The form of a simple equation for spout diameter is shown which gives some information about the interactions between the spout and the annular material.     

Development of a criterion for azeotrope prediction of binary refrigerant mixtures

A simple criterion for binary azeotrope formation of refrigerant mixtures based on the regular solution theory was developed and applied to several refrigerant mixtures. This criterion requires no complex calculation and can be easily applied when vapor pressure and saturated density data of pure components are available. It was proven that the formation of an azeotrope could be well predicted with this criterion for the mixtures we studied. This paper is dedicated to Professor Wha Yong Lee on the occasion of his retirement from Seoul National University.     

厚壁圆筒形构件的疲劳设计

本文对现有的厚壁圆筒形构件的疲劳设计方法进行了评述，通过实验研究，提出了按材料的静态屈服点进行厚壁圆筒形构件疲劳设计的屈服点设计准则，并讨论了按核准则进行疲劳设计的安全裕度。     

On the validity of the gradient diffusion approach as applied to modelling particle dispersion in a turbulent gaseous flow

This paper develops a criterion for predicting when gradient diffusion should adequately predict the dispersion of particles in simple gaseous turbulent flows such as round jets or the decay region of a grid‐generated turbulent flow. The development of this criterion involves deriving the solution to the gradient diffusion model by another route, where the assumptions required to yield the solution can be carefully considered. This derivation also provides an expression for the particle diffusivity. The model is then applied to two flows where particulate dispersion has been measured experimentally: flow behind a turbulence‐generating grid, and a round jet flow. Under conditions where the criterion for gradient diffusion is satisfied, good agreement is found between measurement and theory.     

硫酸钾生产中游离酸与氯含量的联合快速测定

研究了一种用于硫酸钾生产中控制分析的游离酸与氯含量的联合测定方法。通过设计称样量、标准溶液浓度及消耗标准溶液体积的关系用量，建立了只称一份样品不需试样过筛和试液过滤等手续，直接滴定并读出消耗标准溶液体积就是测定结果的快速联合法。该方法简单，无汞污染。应用于硫酸钾生产中的游离酸与氯含量控制分析，结果满意。     

A fully predictive criterion for the transition between particulate and aggregate fluidization

A simple general model for the interaction between a particle and the fluid in a fluidized suspension, enables a hydrodynamic criterion for the onset of bubbling in fluidized beds to be formulated in a compact and fully predictive form. Excellent agreement is found between the proposed criterion and experimental observations reported in the literature for liquid beds and gas fluidized systems operating under both ambient and elevated pressure condi     

Fabrication and Crack Deflection in Ceramic Laminates with Porous Interlayers

A simple and general method for making ceramic laminates with porous crack-deflecting interlayers is demonstrated. Both the strong laminae and the porous interlayers are made by tape casting suitable slurries using the same ceramic powders. Porosity is introduced into the interlayer by adding starch particles to the slurry. The effects of the starch on the burn-out and sintering behavior of the laminates has been fully described. The influence of resulting porosity on the ability of an interlayer to deflect a growing crack and to remain stable on prolonged heating has also been investigated. For the pore morphologies studied here, it is the volume fraction of pores that controls whether crack deflection takes place. Using existing mechanics solutions, a simple theoretical criterion for this volume fraction of porosity is given and is consistent with all the experimental observations.     

A new criterion in the bioassay of essential fatty acids: the spontaneous swelling of rat liver mitochondria in vitro

The spontaneous swelling in vitro of liver mitochondria from rats deficient in essential fatty acids (EFA) and normal rats is compared using the change in optical density as a criterion. Differences between both groups are observed only if high sucrose concentrations are used for the isolation of the mitochondria. The change in optical density can be described mathematically by the sum of two exponential functions. A correlation is found between the parameters of this function and the dose of sunflower seed oil fed to EFA-deficient rats, which makes the method useful as a criterion in an EFA bioassay. The EFA activities of several synthetic polyunsaturated fatty acids are compared using either growth rate or mitochondrial swelling as a criterion.