Turbo译码器滑动窗的改进及其FPGA设计

针对Turbo译码算法的硬件实现进行了研究,在综合分析目前Turbo译码器硬件实现优缺点的基础上,提出了一种基于FPGA的滑动窗硬件实现算法新结构,对存储、时延、硬件消耗等细节做了一系列优化,并在Xilinx的XC3S1500 FPGA上实现。仿真结果表明,该算法结构在降低时延、保证码性能的基础上减少了硬件消耗。     

基于MAX-Log-MAP算法和DSP芯片的Turbo译码器

Turbo码又称为并行级联卷积码,其重要的特性就是实现了伪随机编码的思想,但要实现译码低误码率却要以降低整个编译码系统的效率和增加延时为代价。因此,本文通过分析Turbo码迭代译码原理和MAX-Log-MAP算法,根据性能要求和可行性考虑,以DSP芯片ADSP-TS101和MAX-Log-MAP译码算法来实现Turbo译码器的设计,实验结果表明,该系统误码率较低、延时性能符合要求,工作稳定。     

Turbo码译码器的DSP实现

Turbo码以其优越的性能在通信系统中越来越受到人们的重视.由于Turbo码译码算法的复杂性,译码器通常需占用大量的存储空间和较长的运算时间,难以满足实际系统的要求.本文在深入研究Max-Log-MAP译码算法的基础上,对该算法进行了合理优化,提出了一种基于DSP的高效的软件实现方法.基于此方法实现的Turbo码译码器具有较低的误码率和较小的译码时延,在语音通信和数据通信中具有广泛的应用前景.     

基于FPGA的卷积码的编/译码器设计

卷积码作为通信系统中重要的编码方式,以其良好的编码性能,合理的译码方法,被广泛应用。本文在介绍卷积码原理的基础上,详细阐述了基于FPGA的卷积码的编/译码器的设计。值得一提的是,卷积码的译码采用维特比译码算法,利用了状态路径度量计算、保存路径转移过程和回溯译码等方法,在硬件实现上能有效地减少存储量、降低功耗,提高整个编/译码器的性能。最后进行了模拟仿真,结果显示编译码的效果比较理想,达到了设计的目的。     

基于FPGA的LDPC译码器的设计与实现

为提高译码性能,本文基于CCSDS标准中应用于近地空间的（8176,7154）LDPC码,根据归一化最小和译码算法理论,设计实现了尺度因子可变的LDPC译码器。本次译码器的设计主要对校验结点量化数据进行优化处理,设计实现了尺度因子随迭代次数变化而变化,且尺度因子值以2的倍数为基数,采用右移相加代替校验结点数据与尺度因子的乘法运算,简化硬件实现。此外,增加了译码校验模块来检验经校验结点与变量结点迭代计算后的码字是否译码成功,译码成功或到达设定的最大迭代次数后将数据发出。基于FPGA设计实现了LDPC译码器,其中硬件设计中采用部分并行的译码电路,合理利用硬件资源。在信噪比为1.8、最大迭代次数为15时,通过仿真及板级验证,并对比尺度因子值为0.5、0.75及尺度因子可变时的译码结果,证明了可变尺度因子NMS译码算法可以实现译码功能且具有较好的译码性能。     

基于FPGA的Turbo码数据传输系统的实现

Turbo码是在低信噪比条件下具有良好纠错性能的信道编码,以与香农限仅差0.7 dB的特征而受到了科学研究者的广泛关注.目前,采用Turbo码实现大量数据的传输已经成为了无线通信传输协议的标配.介绍了Turbo码及其FPGA的实现,深入分析了Turbo码的解码理论与算法.首先,分析了Turbo码的编码流程及特性.其次,介绍了Turbo码的解码流程,并且讨论了在其解码过程中运用的Max Log MAP算法.最后,采用现场可编程逻辑门阵列(FPGA)硬件平台实现Turbo码的实时数据传输系统,并取得了良好的结果.     

基于Turbo码的卫星通信系统仿真研究

介绍了一种基于Turbo码的仿真方法。对Turbo码在卫星通信系统中的应用进行了较为详细的仿真建模和性能分析,设计了Turbo码的编码和译码器部分,并对仿真过程中的关键问题加以分析,通过仿真结果与理论比较,验证了仿真的正确性。     

分组乘积Turbo码动态迭代译码算法分析与优化

分组乘积Turbo码 (简称TPC码)是一类将分组码进行串行级联,并采用分组交织器构成的级联码,是一种构造十分简单的纠错码,它是香农信息理论提出后第一个在非零码率时可以实现无误码传输的纠错编码.采用迭代译码方法,可发挥该码的良好性能,并特别适合于高速硬件译码.良好的纠错性能使得TPC码正在被广泛的应用.本文首先对TPC码的编码结构和译码算法进行介绍,其后对TPC码的动态迭代译码进行分析与仿真,最后对其算法提出了优化方法.     

Ka频段固定卫星通信Turbo码性能仿真

使用Ka频段是卫星通信系统解决信道拥挤和提高系统容量的有效途径.为了提高Ka频段卫星通信的传输性能,本文在对Ka频段固定卫星通信信道进行分析的基础上,提出了一种适合该信道的Turbo码编译码方案,译码时通过使用修正的信道可靠性常数极大地提高了译码性能.最后,利用Ka固定卫星通信信道模型对该Turbo码方案性能进行了仿真.仿真结果表明,本文采用的Turbo码方案与采用相同码率的卷积码和卷积级联码方案相比,所带来的增益大于1.5 dB.     

CDMA2000中的Turbo码的改进

本文提出了第3代移动通信系统CDMA2000标准中采用的Turbo码编码和译码的改进算法。通过Matlab仿真对卷积码和改进后的Turbo码在CDMA2000前向信道中的性能比较分析,证明改进后的Turbo码性能优异并能够通过减少迭代次数从而减轻译码复杂度。     

面积优先的CCSDS Turbo码编译码器的设计与实现

本文设计出符合CCSDS标准的Turbo编译码器,包含伪随机序列模块与帧同步模块.在实现编码器时针对标准要求,对伪随机化处理及其恢复和帧同步检测提出了解决方案;而在相应的译码器设计中,本文权衡硬件实现复杂度与处理时延等因素,优先考虑面积因素提高元件的重复利用率和降低复杂度,并阐述了其实现过程.最后基于Verilog HDL设计出RTL级14位固点数据的Turbo编译码器以及仿真验证平台,与用MATLAB语言设计的相同指标的浮点数据译码器进行性能比较,得到设计验证.     

Adaptation of turbo coding and equalization in turbo equalization for time-varying and frequency-selective channels

A number of authors have sought to combine equalization and decoding in an iterative system in order to reduce the effects of frequency and temporal dispersiveness of time-varying frequency-selective channels. In the recent literature, several architectures based on these iterative systems have been proposed. One can note architectures which combine a maximum a posteriori (MAP) equalizer and decoder, architectures formed by an interference canceller and MAP decoder, architectures implementing a decision feedback equalizer and a MAP decoder, etc. Most of these architectures require accurate channel estimation to adapt the equalizer filters or to execute the MAP equalizers. This article presents a turbo equalizer architecture for time-varying frequency-selective channels without channel estimators. The proposed turbo equalizer consists of an interference canceller in direct-adaptation mode and a turbo decoder. In order to reduce noise correlation, the addition of a transverse filter to the interference-canceller architecture is proposed. The reliability factor for variable time-varying frequency-selective channels is also redefined in order to improve the performance of the turbo decoder. The architecture of the proposed turbo equalizer reduces considerably the effects of frequency and temporal dispersiveness of time-varying frequency-selective channels depending on the normalized Doppler frequency range.     

Forward error correction based on block turbo code with 3-bit soft decision for 10-Gb/s optical communication systems

The first experimental demonstration of a forward error correction (FEC) for 10-Gb/s optical communication systems based on a block turbo code (BTC) is reported. Key algorithms, e.g., extrinsic information, log-likelihood ratio, and soft decision reliability, are optimized to improve the correction capability. The optimum thresholds for a 3-bit soft decider are investigated analytically. A theoretical prediction is verified by experiment using a novel 3-bit soft decision large scale integrated circuit (LSI) and a BTC encoder/decoder evaluation circuit incorporating a 10-Gb/s return-to-zero on-off keying optical transceiver. A net coding gain of 10.1 dB was achieved with only 24.6% redundancy for an input bit error rate of 1.98/spl times/10/sup -2/. This is only 0.9 dB away from the Shannon limit for a code rate of 0.8 for a binary symmetric channel. Superior tolerance to error bursts given by the adoption of 64-depth interleaving is demonstrated. The ability of the proposed FEC system to achieve a receiver sensitivity of seven photons per information bit when combined with return-to-zero differential phase-shift keying modulation is demonstrated.     

Turbo编码类型的盲识别方法

提出一种有效的识别方法,解决了Turbo编码类型的盲识别问题。首先,在理论分析Turbo码固有结构的基础上,通过特定的拆分和组合方式从Turbo编码序列中获取一路递归系统卷积码,和二路线性分组码,从而根据此特性利用秩统计的方法实现Turbo码的判别;然后对递归系统卷积码输出数据进行差分运算,推导出差分后结果仅与寄存器中存放的数据有关,因此通过一阶累积量的方法可以准确获取归零状态的位置,从而实现对Turbo码的归零特性判别。仿真结果表明:该方法能够实现对Turbo编码类型的识别,且具有较好的容错性能,最后也验证了该方法在较高误码条件下具有较好的识别效果。     

石油测井中纠错编码的设计及其FPGA实现

针对石油测井中可靠性的要求,本文提出了一种纠错编码的设计方案。该设计采用基于乘积码的编码方案,外码和内码采用的都是BCH码。并详细介绍了用FPGA实现该编码方案的方法,包括BCH码的编译码和交织编码。     

Adaptive Robust Turbo Equalization for Power-Line Communications

Data communication over power lines requires advanced signal-processing techniques to cope with time-varying intersymbol interference and severe impulsive noise. A further challenge comes from strict regulatory constraints that stipulate low transmission power. In this paper, we propose an adaptive robust turbo equalizer for single-carrier coded systems. The turbo equalizer has a component equalizer to deal with the deep frequency notches present in power-line channels. The component equalizer exchanges extrinsic information with a component decoder to perform iterative detection. To facilitate adaptive equalization in time-varying power-line channels, a simple system identification-based channel estimator is incorporated. Most important, a nonlinear-matched myriad filter (MMyF) is used for efficient baseband filtering in impulsive channels. The results show that the MMyF is indispensable for the turbo equalizer to achieve reliable channel estimation and data detection in impulsive power lines. Substantial performance improvements over the conventional scheme designed for Gaussian channels are observed.     

Integrated-optic encoder/decoder for time-spreading/wavelength-hopping optical CDMA

We demonstrate an integrated-optic encoder/decoder for time-spreading/wavelength-hopping optical code division multiple access. It is composed of a wavelength multi/demultiplexer and variable delay lines fabricated by using silica-based planar lightwave circuit technology. We evaluated the device characteristics, including those of the key components and the encoding/decoding operation, and confirmed its flexible code assignment ability and good auto/cross correlations. We then tested the performance of the encoder/decoder by undertaking bit error rate measurements with 10-Gb/s pseudorandom binary sequence signals and confirmed its applicability to optical layer multicast routing and its ability to compensate for bit skew caused by fiber chromatic dispersion.