Effect of Rare Earth Elements on Quantity Growth of Crops

Ｒａｒｅｅａｒｔｈ (ＲＥ)ｍｉｃｒｏ ｆｅｒｔｉｌｉｚｅｒｓｈａｖｅｂｅｅｎｕｓｅｄｉｎａｇｒｉｃｕｌｔｕｒｅｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎｉｎＣｈｉｎａｓｉｎｃｅ 1 970ｓ ,ａｎｄｔｈｅｓｅｍｉｃｒｏ ｆｅｒｔｉｌｉｚｅｒｓａｒｅｓａｌｔｓｏｆｍｉｘｅｄＲＥｓ ,ｗｈｉｃｈｍａｉｎｌｙｉｎｃｌｕｄｅＬａ ,Ｃｅ ,ＰｒａｎｄＮｄ[1,2 ] .ＰｒｅｖｉｏｕｓｓｔｕｄｉｅｓｓｈｏｗｔｈａｔｔｈｅＲＥｉｎｓｕｒｆａｃｅｓｏｉｌａｌｍｏｓｔｄｏｅｓｎｏｔｍｉｇｒａｔｄｏｗｎｗａｒｄａｔａｌｌａｎｄｔｈｕｓｂｅａｃｃｕｍｕｌａ…     

Effect of Lanthanum on Quantity of Major Microorganism Groups in Yellow Cinnamon Soil

Ｔｈｅｈｉｓｔｏｒｙｏｆａｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎｏｆｒａｒｅｅａｒｔｈｅｌｅｍｅｎｔｓ（ＲＥＥ）ｉｎａｇｒｉｃｕｌｔｕｒｅｉｓｍｏｒｅｔｈａｎ２０ｙｅａｒｓｉｎＣｈｉｎａ．ＲｅｃｅｎｔｌｙｔｈｅｃｏｎｓｕｍｐｔｉｏｎｏｆＲＥＥｉｓｉｎｃｒｅａｓｅｄｂｙ...     

Abstracts of Papers in Journal of the Chinese Rare Earth Society

ＳｔｕｄｙｏｎＲｅｃｏｖｅｒｙＴｅｃｈｎｉｃｓｆｏｒＲａｒｅＥａｒｔｈｏｆＭＨ ＮｉＢａｔｔｅｒｙＮｅｇａｔｉｖｅＥｌｅｃｔｒｏｄｅＸｕＬｉｙａｎｇ ,ＣｈｅｎＺｈｉｃｈｕａｎ (ＳｈｅｎｚｈｅｎＨａｚａｒｄｏｕｓＷａｓｔｅＴｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔＳｔａｔｉｏｎ ,Ｓｈｅｎｚｈｅｎ 51 0 0 49,Ｃｈｉｎａ)Ａｂｓｔｒａｃｔ :Ｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌｐｒｏｔｅｃｔｉｏｎａｎｄａｂｓｅｎｃｅｏｆｒｅｓｏｕｒｃｅｐｒｏｖｏｋｅｐｅｏｐｌｅｔｏｐａｙａｔｔｅｎｔｉｏｎｔｏｔｈｅｒｅｕｓｅｏｆｕｓｅｆｕｌｍｅｔａｌｓｉ…     

The Abstracts of Papers in the Journal of the Chinese Rare Earth Society （inChinese）

ＴｈｅＡｂｓｔｒａｃｔｓｏｆＰａｐｅｒｓｉｎｔｈｅＪｏｕｒｎａｌｏｆｔｈｅＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＲａｒｅＥａｒｔｈＳｏｃｉｅｔｙ（ｉｎＣｈｉｎｅｓｅ）ＥｆｆｅｃｔｓｏｆＲａｒｅＥａｒｔｈＮｉｔｒａｔｅｓｏｎＳｏｍｅＩｍｍｕｎｅＦｕｎｃｔｉｏｎｓｉｎＭＩＣＥＬ...     

Effects of Lanthanum and Europium on Rooting of Plantlet Eriobotrya Japonica Lindl. in vitro

ＲａｒｅＥａｒｔｈＥｌｅｍｅｎｔｓ (ＲＥＥｓ)ｈａｖｅｂｅｅｎｗｉｄｅｌｙｕｓｅｄｄｕｅｔｏｔｈｅｉｒｓｐｅｃｉａｌｅｌｅｃｔｒｉｃｓｔｒｕｃ ｔｕｒｅｓａｎｄｖａｒｉｅｔｉｅｓｏｆｂｉｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌａｃｔｉｖｉｔｙ .ＩｎＣｈｉｎａ ,ＲＥＥｓａｓｆｅｒｔｉｌｉｚｅｒａｄｄｉｔｉｖｅｓｉｎａｇｒｉｃｕｌ ｔｕｒｅｈａｖｅｂｅｅｎｅｘｔｅｎｓｉｖｅｌｙｕｓｅｄ .ＮｕｍｅｒｏｕｓｆｉｅｌｄｅｘｐｅｒｉｍｅｎｔｓａｎｄｐｏｔｓｔｕｄｉｅｓｓｕｇｇｅｓｔｔｈａｔＲＥＥｆｅｒｔｉｌｉｚｅｒａｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉ…     

Effect of Cerium on Corrosion Resistance of Bright Zinc Electrodeposit

ＥｆｆｅｃｔｏｆＣｅｒｉｕｍｏｎＣｏｒｒｏｓｉｏｎＲｅｓｉｓｔａｎｃｅｏｆＢｒｉｇｈｔＺｉｎｃＥｌｅｃｔｒｏｄｅｐｏｓｉｔＬｉＳｈｉ－Ｊｉａ（李士嘉）；ＨｅＪｉａｎ－Ｐｉｎｇ（何建平）；ＣｈｅｎＷａｎｇ－Ｈｕａ（陈网桦）；ＺｈａｎｇＹｉｎｇ（张英）（...     

Compounding Pattern of REE， Clay and Humic Acid in the Weathering Crust of Granites

ＣｏｍｐｏｕｎｄｉｎｇＰａｔｔｅｒｎｏｆＲＥＥ，ＣｌａｙａｎｄＨｕｍｉｃＡｃｉｄｉｎｔｈｅＷｅａｔｈｅｒｉｎｇＣｒｕｓｔｏｆＧｒａｎｉｔｅｓ￥ＣｈｅｎＢｉｎｇｈｕｉ；ＣｈｅｎＺｈｉｃｈｅｎｇ；ＬｉａｎｇＱｕｎｙｏｕ；ＦｕＱｕｎｃｅ；ＹｕＳｈｏｕｊｕｎ...     

Effects of RE and N on Properties of Corrosion Resistance and Oxidation Resistance of Gray Cast Iron

ＩｔｉｓｗｅｌｋｎｏｗｎｔｈａｔｔｈｅｍｅｃｈａｎｉｃａｌｐｒｏｐｅｒｔｉｅｓｏｆｇｒａｙｃａｓｔｉｒｏｎｃａｎｂｅｉｍｐｒｏｖｅｄｂｙａｄｄｉｎｇｓｕｉｔａｂｌｅａｍｏｕｎｔｏｆＲＥａｎｄＮ．Ｔｏｈｉｇｈｃａｒｂｏｎｅｑｕｉｖａｌｅｎｔ（ＣＥ）ｇｒ...     

Geochemical Characteristics of Rare Earth Elements in Intertidal Sediments of Tianjin Coastal Zone

Ｉｎｃｒｅａｓｉｎｇｕｓｅｏｆｒａｒｅｅａｒｔｈｅｌｅｍｅｎｔｓ(ＲＥＥｓ)ｉｎｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙａｎｄａｇｒｉｃｕｌｔｕｒｅｉｎＣｈｉｎａｈａｓｒｅｓｕｌｔｅｄｉｎｒｅｓｉｄｕｅａｎｄａｃｃｕｍｕｌａｔｉｏｎｉｎｒｉｖｅｒａｎｄｉｎｔｅｒｔｉｄａｌｚｏｎｅ ,ｈｅｎｃｅｉｔｗｏｕｌｄｃａｕｓｅｗａｔｅｒｐｏｌｌｕｔｉｏｎ ,ｗｈａｔａｒｅｔｈｅｇｅｏｃｈｅｍｉｓｔｒｙｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｓｏｆＲＥＥｓｉｎｖａｒｉｏｕｓｗａｔｅｒｂｏｄ ｉｅｓ ,ｉｔｉｓａｎｕｒｇｅｎｔｐｒｏｂｌｅｍｔｏｂｅｓｏ…     

Influence of Intraperitoneal Injection of Rare Earth Compounds on the Activities of Antioxidant Enzymes and the Level of Lipid Peroxidation in Mice Livers

ＩｎｆｌｕｅｎｃｅｏｆＩｎｔｒａｐｅｒｉｔｏｎｅａｌＩｎｊｅｃｔｉｏｎｏｆＲａｒｅＥａｒｔｈＣｏｍｐｏｕｎｄｓｏｎｔｈｅＡｃｔｉｖｉｔｉｅｓｏｆＡｎｔｉｏｘｉｄａｎｔＥｎｚｙｍｅｓａｎｄｔｈｅＬｅｖｅｌｏｆＬｉｐｉｄＰｅｒｏｘｉｄａｔｉｏｎｉｎＭｉｃ...     

Microstructure, Impact Fatigue Resistance and Impact Wear Resistance of Wear Resistant Low Cr-Si Cast Iron

Wear parts are greatly consumed in metallurgi-cal industry,fire power stations and cement works.The consumption of grinding balls and lining platesmay be the greatestunder such impactabrasive wearconditions.In China,annual consumption of ballsand plates is close to 1× 10 6 t.Therefore,develop-ing a new material for impact wear conditions is veryimportant.　　 The martensitic high chromium cast iron(WCr= 15 % ) is widely studied and used as wear resis-tance material[1— 8] ,especially for ma…     

Effect of Microstructure on Impact Fatigue Resistance and Impact Wear Resistance of Medium Cr-Si Cast Iron

 A great amount of iron grinding balls in tube mills have been consumed. Under this impact abrasive wear working condition, the failure of wear resistant alloying white irons grinding balls is mainly caused by fatigue spalling. The impact wear resistance of martensitic high chromium cast iron (Cr of 15%) is not high sometimes, but its cost is not low. Thus, medium Cr Si wear resistant cast iron is recommended. The influence of the iron on impact fatigue resistance and impact wear resistance is pronounced. Ball on ball impact fatigue test and high stress impact wear test of the grinding balls have been carried out. The results show that the impact fatigue resistance (IFR) and impact wear resistance (IWR) of medium Cr Si cast iron are superior to those of martensitic high chromium cast iron (Cr of 15%). The main reasons are that (1) the stress in medium Cr Si cast iron is released in the as cast state; (2) the matrix is fine pearlite with better toughness and plasticity; (3) the pearlite is more stable compared with a retained austenite under repeated impact load and less phase transformation can take place; (4) high silicon content improves the morphology of eutectic carbide; (5) there is no secondary carbide which results in less crack sources. All these factors are beneficial to improvement of impact fatigue spalling resistance. The eutectic carbide M7C3 is the main constituent to resist wear.     

Effects of Rare Earths and Al on Structure and Performance of High Chromium Cast Iron Containing Wolfram

High chromiumcast ironis ani mportant grade ofwear-resistant material.It exhibits high hardness,ex-cellent wear resistance,andlowdeflection onrupture.Moreover,combined properties of high chromiumcastiron are better than that of other white cast irons.Therefore,it has many applications[1~4]in concrete,electric power,mine,metallurgy,and especially ap-plicationin ball mill with large diameter subjected toheavy i mpact loading[5].However,the brittle natureof this material often causesfailure under…     

Effect of RE Modification and Heat Treatment on Impact Fatigue Property of a Wear Resistant White Cast Iron

Withhigherhardnessandbetterwearresistance ,whitecastironscanbeusedaswearresistantpartsinmanyfields .Inpractice ,thewearresistantpartsareoftenrequiredtobesubjectedtogrindingofabrasivesandrepeatedimpactaction .Therefore ,fatiguecracksareliabletobegeneratedo…     

石墨形态和铬含量对铸铁干摩擦学性能的影响

使用ＭＭ—２００磨损试验机研究了石墨形态和铬含量对铸铁与石棉基摩擦材料配副时的干摩擦学性能。结果表明,蠕墨铸铁的磨损率最低;摩擦系数由高到低依次为：片墨铸铁、蠕墨铸铁、球墨铸铁。蠕墨铸铁中,随着铬含量的增加,耐磨性能明显提高,摩擦系数略有降低。在高速、高载荷条件下,铬含量的质量分数达到１．５％时,耐磨性可达普通蠕墨铸铁的４倍以上;随着载荷的增加,蠕墨铸铁的摩擦系数降低,磨损率提高。在高速条件下,摩擦系数降低的幅度比在低速条件下小。铬改善蠕墨铸铁干摩擦学性能的效果在高速使用条件下更为突出。     

The Properties and Performance of Cast Iron Grinding Media

Cast iron balls have been used for decades as a grinding media in all types of grinding applications. Early applications of cast iron grinding balls in mineral processing operations were disastrous due to spalling and premature breakage. Better control and understanding of a high chromium cast iron metallurgical system have led to the use of high chromium cast iron balls in all types of grinding. This paper reviews the wear properties of cast iron grinding media materials during dry and wet grinding conditions. The media wear mechanisms and the factors influencing the grinding ball wear during grinding are discussed, giving special importance to the corrosion and abrasion properties of cast iron media materials.     

Research on Thermal Wear of Cast Hot Forging Die Steel Modified by Rare Earths

Thermal wear of cast hot-forging die steel modified by rare earths（RE） was studied and compared with commercially used die steels. The function of RE and the mechanism of thermal wear of cast steel modified by RE were discussed. The results showed that with increasing content of RE, the wear rate of cast steel reduced at first and then increased. By adding 0.05% （mass fraction） RE, the cast hot-forging die steel with optimum thermal wear resistance was obtained, which was better than that of H13 and 3Cr2WSV. The large amount of coarse inclusions, （RE）2O2S, resulted from excessive RE, which obviously deteriorated thermal wear resistance. The mechanism of thermal wear of the modified cast die steel is oxidation wear and oxide fatigue delamination. The wear debris are lumps of Fe2O3 and Fe3O4.     

Abrasive Wear Behavior of High Chromium Cast Iron and Hadfield Steel-- A Comparison

 Abstract： Wear properties of two different crushers used for grinding raw materials of cement industry are compared using pin-on-disk wear test. The wear test was carried out with different loads on a pin. Abrasive wear behavior of two alloys was evaluated by comparing mass loss, wear resistance, microhardness and friction coefficient. The microstructure of the specimens was detected using optical microscope. The results showed that abrasive wear of high chromium cast iron is lower than that of Hadfield steel. Due to the presence of M7C3 carbides on the high chromium cast iron matrix, impact crushers exhibited higher friction coefficient.     

Structures and Properties of Iron Matrix Composites with Tungsten Carbide Particle by EPC-V Process

Ｍｏｄｅｒｎｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙｍａｋｅｓｄｅｍａｎｄｓｏｎｗｅａｒｒｅｓｉｓ－ｔａｎｃｅｏｆｅｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉｎｇｍａｔｅｒｉａｌｓ．Ａｓａｋｉｎｄｏｆｓｕｒｆａｃｅｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ,ｃａｓｔｉｎｇｐｅｒｍｅａｔｉｎｇｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏ－ｇｙｃａｎｓａｔｉｓｆｙｔｈｅｎｅｅｄｓｏｆｗｅａｒｒｅｓｉｓｔａｎｃｅｏｆｍａｔｅｒｉ－ａｌｓ,ｂｕｔｔｈｅｒｅａｒｅｍａｎｙｄｉｓａｄｖａｎｔａｇｅｓｉｎｔｒａｄｉｔｉｏｎａｌｃａｓｔｉｎｇｐｅｒｍｅａｔｉｎｇｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙｗｈｉｃｈ…     

Influence of rare earth nanoparticles and inoculants on performance and microstructure of high chromium cast iron

The high chromium cast irons (HCCIs) with rare earth (RE) nanoparticles or inoculants were fabricated in the casting process. The phase compositions and microstructure were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and optical microscopy (OM), respectively. The hardness and impact toughness were tested by Rockwel-hardmeter and impacting test enginery. And then, the morphology of fracture was researched by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results demonstrated that the phase compositions of HCCIs with addition of RE nanoparticles or inoculants which were M7C3 carbides + α-Fe did not change obviously. However, the prime M7C3 carbides morphology had great changes with the increase of RE nanoparticles, which changed from long lath to granular or island shape. When the content of RE nanoparticles was 0.4 wt.%, the microstructure of high chromium cast iron was refined greatly. The microstructure of carbides was coarser when the addition of RE nanoparticles was higher than 0.4 wt.%. The hardness and impact toughness of HCCIs were improved by addition of RE nanoparticles or inoculants. The impact toughness of HCCIs was increased 36.4% with RE nanoparticles of 0.4 wt.%, but the hardness changed slightly. In addition, the adding of RE nanoparticles or inoculants could reduce the degree of the brittle fracture. Fracture never seemed regular, instead, containing lots of laminates and dimples with the increase of the RE nanoparticles. The results also indicated that the optimal addition amount of the RE nanoparticles was 0.4%, under this composition, the microstructure and mechanical property achieved the best cooperation. In addition, through the study of erosion wear rate, when adding 0.4% RE nanoparticles into the HCCIs, the erosion wear rate got the minimum 0.32×10-3 g/mm2, which could increase 51.5% compared with that without any RE nanoparticles.