飞机结构主体材料腐蚀损伤特点分析

通过对现役飞机腐蚀损伤状况的统计分析,研究了现径飞机结构主体材料在环境腐蚀介质中的疲劳损伤特征和基本破坏失效模式,阐述了今后现役军用飞机在腐蚀环境中疲劳使用寿命和日历寿命研究的相关内容,并对现役军用飞机腐蚀疲劳研究的发展提出一些看法。     

GC4超高强度钢在腐蚀介质中的低周疲劳性能试验研究

对ＧＣ４超高强度钢在腐蚀环境下的低周疲劳寿命进行了试验研究，得出了在不同腐蚀环境下的低周疲劳寿命变化规律，为确定飞机腐蚀疲劳寿命提供了重要依据。     

GC4超高强度多在腐蚀介质中的低周疲劳性能试验研究

对ＧＣ４超高强度钢在腐蚀环境下的低周疲劳寿命进行了试验研究，得出了在不同腐蚀环境下的低周疲劳寿命绫灵确定飞机腐蚀疲劳寿命了重要依据。     

腐蚀环境下飞机结构疲劳寿命的分析方法

依据海军现役飞机的腐蚀环境特点及结构件腐蚀损伤深度拟合规律，采用应力场强法和局部应力应变法分别对疲劳缺口系数Kf及疲劳寿命计算模型进行了分析，提出了一种腐蚀环境下飞机结构疲劳寿命的评定方法。该方法以室温大气环境下的寿命评定结论为依据，考虑了结构件腐蚀损伤后潮湿空气、盐雾、盐雾＋SO2等环境介质对疲劳寿命的影响，并结合国产某型飞机机翼前梁缘条腐蚀损伤部位的疲劳寿命及剩余寿命估算实例进行了分析。     

综合使用飞行小时在飞机构件腐蚀疲劳寿命分析中的应用

飞机使用环境谱中飞行环境谱和停放环境谱的组合就是飞行─停放─飞行环境谱。大多数军用飞机地面停放时间占飞机使用寿命的90％以上。海军飞机所处的高温、高湿、高盐雾腐蚀环境对飞机使用寿命有很大影响。腐蚀疲劳直接影响疲劳裂纹形成寿命。飞机使用寿命必须应用飞机使用环境谱,考虑飞行小时、日历时间和综合使用飞行小时。列举海军某直升机主桨毂轴向铰轴颈裂纹故障,通过波音公司飞机结构疲劳分析方法,在飞行小时、日历时间和综合使用飞行小时方面对其翻修期进行了探讨。     

飞机典型机械紧固连接件腐蚀疲劳性能的试验研究EI

本文研究了飞机机械紧固连接件在腐蚀环境下的疲劳性能。试验结果表明，腐蚀环境在大多数情况下降低紧固件的疲劳寿命，其中盐雾环境对双剪密封铆接件的疲劳寿命的影响最为严重。给出了机械紧固件在不同状态下的细节疲劳额定值（ＤＦＲ）和可靠性寿命（Ｎ＿（９５／９５））。     

腐蚀疲劳试验系统的开发及应用

海洋工程用钢服役时一直受到环境腐蚀和疲劳载荷的耦合作用,而传统的腐蚀、疲劳单项评估已不能满足检测需求,因此开发了一套腐蚀疲劳试验系统来测试材料在腐蚀环境下的疲劳寿命,并使用该系统对海洋工程用S690QL高强钢板在腐蚀环境下的疲劳寿命进行了测试.结果表明:该系统可以对试验温度、流速、腐蚀介质pH值等参数精准控制,并可以实...     

腐蚀环境对预腐蚀铝合金腐蚀疲劳性能的影响

采用不同环境下的轴向加载疲劳性能测试方法,研究了不同环境对预腐蚀7XXX铝合金腐蚀疲劳性能的影响.结果表明:腐蚀环境对其疲劳寿命的影响从重到轻依次是:油箱积水、盐水、潮湿空气和实验室空气.当应力比R为0.5和0.06时,潮湿空气下的疲劳寿命比实验室空气下的略低,降低的幅度随着应力的降低而增大;在低应力水平区盐水和油箱积水环境对疲劳寿命的影响基本相同.当应力比R为-1时,盐水下的疲劳寿命总是略低于油箱积水环境下的疲劳寿命;潮湿空气相比实验室空气下的疲劳寿命随着应力的降低,降低的幅度比应力比为0.5和0.06时要略大.     

3.5%NaCl腐蚀环境下2种航空铝合金材料疲劳性能试验研究

腐蚀环境下的疲劳性能是航空金属结构疲劳寿命设计的重要前提,为此,试验测定了2种航空铝合金材料（2E12-T3、7050-T7451）的光滑试样和缺口试样在干燥大气和3.5%NaCl腐蚀环境下的疲劳性能,在试验数据的基础上进行性能对比,并对试样断口进行扫描电镜（SEM）分析,研究了3.5%NaCl腐蚀环境与载荷联合作用对腐蚀疲劳性能的影响机理,研究结果表明：3.5%NaCl腐蚀环境对2种铝合金材料的疲劳性能均产生不利影响,且腐蚀与疲劳载荷的交互作用随着应力水平的降低而增强,疲劳性能下降更明显;与光滑试样相比,腐蚀环境对铝合金2E12-T3缺口试样疲劳性能的影响更大,但对铝合金7050-T7451缺口试样疲劳性能的影响却变小;在腐蚀环境下,裂纹尖端易发生电化学反应产生腐蚀产物和[H]离子,腐蚀产物的存在会阻碍裂纹闭合,同时,[H]离子导致裂纹尖端的氢脆效应,加快裂纹扩展,使疲劳性能降低。     

油箱积水环境对预腐蚀铝合金腐蚀疲劳性能的影响

对预腐蚀2XXX铝合金Kt=1和Kt=3试样进行了实验室空气环境和油箱积水环境下的疲劳寿命实验,并用单侧容限因数法对疲劳安全寿命进行了估算,得到了预腐蚀2XXX铝合金在这两种环境下的中值疲劳寿命和99%可靠度95%置信度水平上的安全疲劳寿命。油箱积水环境显著降低了预腐蚀2XXX铝合金的疲劳性能,实验室空气环境下的疲劳寿命数据比较分散,应力水平越低越分散,而油箱积水环境下的疲劳寿命数据比较集中。油箱积水环境下的腐蚀主要由电化学腐蚀和微生物腐蚀组成。     

Biodegradable behaviour and fatigue life of ZEK100 magnesium alloy in simulated physiological environment

The fatigue life of ZEK100 magnesium alloy in the phosphate buffered solution for various immersion intervals was investigated by experiments and theoretical predictions. The biodegradable behaviours of ZEK100 magnesium alloy were also studied. Microstructure observation showed that the corrosion behaviours were characterized by pitting corrosion. The corrosion rate decreased a lot in the initial 7 d and then almost stayed unchanged. After 28 d immersion, the elastic modulus almost kept stable, while the yield strength and the ultimate strength decreased a lot, which indicated that corrosion had important effects on the tensile mechanical properties. It showed that the fatigue life of the samples under the same stress conditions decreased with increasing immersion time under the asymmetric stress‐controlled cyclic loading. Considering the effect of corrosion on the material failure, a modified fatigue life model was proposed for magnesium alloy under corrosion.     

航空铝合金原位腐蚀疲劳性能及断裂机理EI北大核心CSCD

为了研究不同腐蚀条件下2024铝合金的疲劳性能,首先设计搭建原位腐蚀疲劳平台,然后分别进行无腐蚀疲劳、预腐蚀疲劳和原位腐蚀疲劳实验,分析不同腐蚀疲劳条件下2024铝合金的疲劳断裂行为,最后利用扫描电镜(SEM)表征宏、微观断口特征,探究失效机理。结果表明:相同腐蚀环境和时间下,预腐蚀和原位腐蚀疲劳寿命分别为无腐蚀疲劳寿命的92%和42%;在原位腐蚀疲劳条件下,滑移带挤入、挤出导致表面粗糙度增加,吸附较多腐蚀介质,加剧蚀坑演化,易于裂纹萌生并形成多个裂纹源。裂纹的连通形成更大尺寸的损伤,并在材料内部快速扩展。预腐蚀和原位腐蚀疲劳试件断口观察到大量脆性疲劳条带,并且原位腐蚀疲劳条带平均间距约为无腐蚀疲劳条带间距的2倍,说明原位腐蚀疲劳条件下裂纹扩展速率更快。     

Corrosion fatigue and electrochemical behaviour of steel wires used in bridge cables

In‐service bridge wires often fail prior to the design life subjected to alternating stresses and environmental erosion. In this paper, a novel corrosion fatigue test device, integrating fatigue testing machine and electrochemical accelerated corrosion assemblies, was developed to characterize the corrosion fatigue and electrochemical behaviour of the wires. Using the developed device, corrosion fatigue tests of corroded bridge wires under different corrosion and loading conditions were conducted. Electrochemical characteristics, corrosion fatigue behaviour, failure mechanism, and so forth were investigated according to electrochemical measurements, fracture morphologies and the lifetime of wires. Results evidence the synchronization of corrosion and fatigue and show the accelerated corrosion due to static and fatigue stresses. Additionally, cracking and fracture induced by multiple crack initiation was dominant in corrosion fatigue of corroded wires, and the coexistence of multiple corrosion pits decreased the lifetime significantly.     

G105钻杆管体刺穿失效分析

某油田钻井公司使用的规格为φ101.6 mm×8.38 mm的G105钻杆先后发生两起管体刺穿失效事故,通过化学成分分析、力学性能测试、金相检验、X射线衍射等方法并结合钻杆的受力状态对钻杆刺穿原因进行了分析。结果表明:钻杆刺穿失效形式为腐蚀疲劳,在钻井液中腐蚀介质作用下,钻杆首先发生氧腐蚀和Cl~-加速腐蚀,使钻杆外表面产生许多腐蚀坑,并于腐蚀坑底部形成应力集中;随后在钻井过程的交变应力作用下,应力集中严重的腐蚀坑底部开始萌生裂纹,裂纹不断疲劳扩展直至穿透管壁;最终在钻杆内钻井液的冲刷作用下发生刺穿失效。     

某型航空发动机压气机四级转子叶片失效分析

某型航空发动机压气机四级转子叶片是故障多发叶片.对叶片典型失效件进行了断口分析,发现叶片故障是由于叶片表面发生腐蚀导致疲劳强度降低,使得叶片在振动应力下发生疲劳失效.进一步对显微组织进行分析,发现叶片材质合乎要求,叶片腐蚀主要是由于使用环境因素造成的.研究结果对于叶片的故障分析及预防具有重要的意义.     

Corrosion fatigue behaviour of 304 stainless steel under proportional and non‐proportional multiaxial loading condition

Corrosion fatigue and electrochemical tests under proportional loading and non‐proportional loading were conducted on 304 stainless steel in 0.63 mol L^?1 NaCl solution at room temperature. Two biaxial loading paths were applied to study the effect of proportional loading and non‐proportional loading on corrosion fatigue behaviour. Surface and fractographic observations of multiaxial corrosion fatigue specimens were carried out by scanning electron microscopy. It was shown that proportional loading had a more significant effect on the occurrence of local corrosion compared with non‐proportional loading because the continuous rotation of the principal stress plane under non‐proportional loading inhibits the pit formation.     

腐蚀方式对Q345等边角钢疲劳性能的影响

塔体构件的疲劳性能随服役期内降雨分布等环境腐蚀因素的改变而发生变化。为此,该文首先基于单点-成组法结合相关系数优化法推导了不同腐蚀方式作用下S-N曲线方程的参数表达式及其回归方法,并建议了相应的实现算法。基于此,建立了不同腐蚀方式的P-S-N曲线方程。同时,对相同腐蚀时间内3种腐蚀方式作用下的39根足尺Q345等边角钢构件进行了腐蚀疲劳试验,观察了试件在#x0201c;浸泡-晾置#x0201d;腐蚀方式中的腐蚀状态,研究了不同腐蚀方式中试件的疲劳破坏模式。然后,由试验结果分析了各腐蚀方式中疲劳寿命的变化规律,建立了相应的S-N曲线模型,给出了各腐蚀方式中反映S-N曲线参数随可靠度变化规律的表达式,并结合理论推导及参数分析建立了各腐蚀方式作用下Q345等边角钢构件的P-S-N曲面模型。最后,采用该模型探讨了不同腐蚀方式中Q345等边角钢构件疲劳寿命的变化规律,结果表明：1)相同腐蚀时间内疲劳荷载越小腐蚀方式对构件疲劳寿命的影响越明显;2)腐蚀越严重疲劳寿命随可靠度增加减小的幅度越大。     

Monitoring of corrosion‐fatigue degradation of grade R4 steel using an electrochemical‐mechanical combined approach

The study deals with degradation and failure of mooring chains by the combined effect of corrosion and mechanical cyclic stresses on steel. Monitoring of the corrosion‐fatigue damage was carried out using electrochemical assessment during the application of the cyclic mechanical loading on grade R4 martensitic steel specimens, immersed in artificial seawater. The spontaneous potential of the steel specimens and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy measurements were performed to assess the corrosion degradation. Tests conducted under fully reversed stress‐controlled loading have shown earlier failure caused by the corrosive environment when compared with the tests performed in ambient air. The corrosion potential response was used to identify the crack initiation and propagation stages.     

The influence of the environment and corrosion on the structural integrity of aircraft materials

Fatigue results of 1¹/₂ dog-bone jointed specimens manufactured from 7075-T6 aluminium alloy indicated that the application of corrosion preventative compounds (CPCs) at the faying surfaces slightly decreased the log mean fatigue life at 144 MPa, while the effect was not statistically significant at the higher stress level (210 MPa). The addition of the CPC also reduced fretting corrosion at the faying surfaces and shifted the fatigue initiation sites closer to the edge of fastener holes. Scatter in fatigue life was found to be associated with the location and size of the intermetallics at the initiation site. The presence of corrosion in the bores of the countersunk fastener holes reduced the fatigue life by up to one order of magnitude. Fatigue test results for dog-bone specimens manufactured from 7075-T651 and 2024-T351 aluminium alloys indicated that the presence of exfoliation corrosion reduced the fatigue life under dry conditions, with a greater reduction under humid conditions. The application of a CPC to the corroded region eliminated the influence humidity had on fatigue life.     

Inconel 625合金波纹管失效分析

采用化学分析,透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等微观测试手段对失效波纹管化学成分、力学性能、断口腐蚀产物及断口微观形貌进行综合分析。研究结果表明,波纹管的失效是材料在腐蚀性环境下局部高应力处首先发生高温氧化、硫化腐蚀,产生疲劳裂纹源,在交变应力的作用下发生腐蚀疲劳而造成的。通过降低腐蚀和波纹管应力可以防止或减轻腐蚀疲劳发生,延长波纹管使用寿命。