基于Takagi-Sugeno型自适应模糊神经网络的模拟电路故障诊断

该文提出了一种基于Takagi-Sugeno型自适应模糊神经网络故障诊断方法。首先通过电路仿真获得故障样本,其次利用主成分分析对故障样本进行降维处理,减少自适应模糊神经网络的输入,降低训练时间,然后采用BP算法与最小二乘法相结合的混合学习算法训练自适应模糊神经网络的连接权值和隶属度函数。仿真结果表明,此方法能够快速有效地对模拟电路的故障进行诊断和定位,表现出了很好的应用潜力,在容差模拟电路故障诊断领域具有较好的应用前景。     

基于小波神经网络的模拟电路故障诊断研究

文章提出了一种基于小波神经网络的模拟电路故障诊断方法。这种方法采用正弦信号作为被测电路的输入激励,在时域中对输出信号采样来构造神经网络的训练和测试样本,将自适应学习率及附加动量BP算法训练后的小波神经网络应用于容差模拟电路故障诊断中。仿真试验表明,该方法减少了故障诊断时间和提高了网络的平均诊断正确率。     

基于BP神经网络的模拟电路诊断系统研究

以现代测试技术、信号处理、信息融合等理论为基础,以神经网络在模拟电路故障诊断中的应用为主线,详细讨论BP神经网络在模拟电路故障诊断中的应用和故障特征提取方法.采用多频组合法建立了故障样本集.对选定的待测电路在元件存在容差的条件下,仿真验证了BP神经网络应用于模拟电路故障诊断的可行性.     

容差模拟电路的软故障诊断的小波方法

给出了容差模拟电路软故障诊断的小波与量子神经网络方法,利用小波分析,取其能反映故障信号特征的成分做为电路故障特征,再输入给量子神经网络,不仅解决了一个可测试点问题,并提高了辨识故障类别的能力,而且在网络训练之前,利用主元分析降低了网络输入维数。实验证明了这种方法的可行性与适用性。     

容差模拟电路故障模糊诊断方法及其实现

提出了基于SOFM神经网络的容差模拟电路故障模糊诊断方法及其实现。该方法将网络撕裂法和SOFM神经网络相结合进行故障测试．并运用所设计的模糊逻辑神经网络系统判断测试条件，定位容差模拟电路的子网络级故障。仿真试验表明该方法故障定位精确度高。撕裂迅速，有利于大规模容差模拟电路故障诊断的实现。     

基于模糊C均值聚类算法与隶属算法的容差电路软故障诊断

在聚类分析与隶属函数的基础上,提出了一种容差电路软故障诊断的新算法。对于含有容差元件的的模拟电路,由于允许电路参数在一定范围内偏离理想值,所以很难判断电路是处于正常容差状态,还是软故障状态。本文首先简述了模糊C均值（Fuzzy C-means, FCM）聚类算法与模糊控制隶属算法的基本原理。然后通过一个容差电路软故障诊断实例,以验证本文算法的有效性:首先确定容差电路的正常状态与软故障状态种类,对每一种状态进行电路仿真,获取将来进行聚类分析与故障诊断的样本。然后对采集样本进行聚类分析,利用模糊C均值聚类算法将各种状态分类,并且得到所有状态的聚类中心。最后随机模拟一种电路状态,利用模糊隶属算法,计算当前电路状态与各状态聚类中心的隶属度,判断电路处于哪一种工作状态,实现容差电路的软故障诊断。实例表明,本文算法能够准确清晰地辨别容差电路的正常状态与故障状态,仅需少量样本即可获得各种状态的典型参数,对容差电路进行客观有效的软故障诊断。      

模糊故障字典法的自动代码生成实现

故障字典法多用于模拟电路硬故障的诊断。在模拟电路中,元件参数容差问题可引起故障误判,模糊集和模糊域的引入,可有效的解决这一问题。本文研究如何利用MATLAB的模糊工具箱和自动代码生成工具RT(WReal-time Workshop),实现由模糊规则算法到代码自动生成实现过程,从而实现核心算法部分的编程半自动化。     

基于DSP的模拟电路诊断系统的实现

以现代测试技术、信号处理、信息融合等理论为基础,以神经网络在模拟电路故障诊断中的应用为主线,深入研究了模拟电路的故障特征提取和故障诊断方法。用TMS320F2812对选定的待测电路在元件存在容差的条件下,实现了模拟电路软故障诊断。验证了使用DSP实现模拟电路故障诊断系统的可行性。     

基于频率特性的模拟电路故障分析

在分析神经网络模型的特点的基础上,提出基于频率特征进行神经网络模型的模拟电路诊断方法,通过模拟电路能量故障特征的提取、完成构造样本集、对输入输出数据进行灵敏度处理,不断完善神经网络设计,优化算法,结果表明基于频率特性的模拟电路故障测试达到预期效果。     

基于空间特征的非线性电路神经网络诊断

本文提出线性模拟电路的单、双、三故障空间特征,采用分段线性模型（PWL）将非线性电路线性化,通过遗传算法求电路的容羞范围,用神经网络对非线性嘲络进行诊断。本文的方法大火减少了模拟计算量,同时,使神经网络的训练过程加快,训练误差减少,并大大提高了诊断的正确率。     

模拟电路软故障诊断的研究

分析了模拟电路软故障诊断的重要性及现有的各种软故障诊断方法。对模拟电路软故障诊断字典法中基于支路屏蔽原理、电路参数随元件参数变化轨迹、节点电压灵敏度序列守恒定理和节点电压增量关系方程的四个研究方向各自的基本原理和优缺点进行了探讨;介绍了基于神经网络,结合模糊理论、小波变换的现代模拟电路软故障诊断的两个方向的研究现状;同时从通用的软故障诊断方法、大规模模拟电路的诊断策略和数模混合集成电路的诊断需求三方面指出了模拟电路软故障诊断的发展趋势和亟待解决的问题。     

Fault Diagnosis of Nonlinear Analog Circuits Using Neural Networks with Wavelet and Fourier Transforms as Preprocessors

A neural-network based analog fault diagnostic system is developed for nonlinear circuits. This system uses wavelet and Fourier transforms, normalization and principal component analysis as preprocessors to extract an optimal number of features from the circuit node voltages. These features are then used to train a neural network to diagnose soft and hard faulty components in nonlinear circuits. Our neural network architecture has as many outputs as there are fault classes where these outputs estimate the probabilities that input features belong to different fault classes. Application of this system to two sample circuits using SPICE simulations shows its capability to correctly classify soft and hard faulty components in 95% of the test data. The accuracy of our proposed system on test data to diagnose a circuit as faulty or fault-free, without identifying the fault classes, is 99%. Because of poor diagnostic accuracy of backpropagation neural networks reported in the literature (Yu et al., Electron. Lett., Vol. 30, 1994), it has been suggested that such an architecture is not suitable for analog fault diagnosis (Yang et al., IEEE Trans. on CAD, Vol. 19, 2000). The results of the work presented here clearly do not support this claim and indicate this architecture can provide a robust fault diagnostic system.     

模拟电路故障诊断的新故障字典法

基于节点电压灵敏度,将文献[1]中的线性无容差电路的故障字典法推广到可以诊断容差模拟电路和非线性电路软故障的新故障字典法。讨论了该方法的原理和字典的建立方法,给出了仿真实例。     

模拟电路故障诊断中的特征信息提取

在运用BP神经网络进行模拟电路故障诊断过程中,代表故障特征的网络输入至关重要。分析了常见特征信息提取和故障诊断方法,提出一种基于多测试点、多特征信息原始样本集的新方法。运用这种方法构造原始故障特征集,然后作为BP神经网络的输入对网络进行训练,仿真结果表明,通过该方法构造的样本集训练出来的网络对模拟电路故障诊断的正确率优于传统方法,证明了该方法在模拟电路故障诊断中的可行性,为模拟电路的故障诊断提供了一种新方法。     

A novel method for fault diagnosis of analog circuits based on WP and GPNN

A novel method for fault diagnosis of analog circuits with tolerance based on wavelet packet (WP) decomposition and probabilistic neural networks using genetic algorithm (GPNN) is proposed in this paper. The fault feature vectors are extracted after feasible domains on the basis of WP decomposition of responses of a circuit being solved. Then by fusing various uncertain factors into probabilistic operations, GPNN methods to diagnose faults are proposed whose parameters and structure obtained form genetic optimisations resulting in best detection of faults. Finally, simulations indicated that GPNN classifiers are correct 7% more than BPNN of the test data associated with our sample circuits.     

基于PSpice与LM算法的模拟电路故障诊断方法

采用小波神经网络与Levenberg-Marquardt算法相结合的方法,对模拟电路进行故障诊断;用小波对冲击响应信号进行多尺度分解,进行归一化后,提取故障特征信息作为神经网络的输入而进行分类。将PSpice与Matlab结合不但能有效的诊断模拟电路,且在收敛性和故障准确性上有了大幅提高。实验仿真表明,通过该方法构造的样本集训练出的网络稳定性高于传统方法,适用于神经网络。     

Fault detection in analogue circuits using hybrid evolutionary algorithm and neural network

With the development of analog integrated circuits technology and due to the complexity, and various types of faults that occur in analog integrated circuits, fault detection is a new idea, has been studied in recent decades. In this paper a three amplifier state variable filter is used as circuit under test (CUT) and, a hybrid neural network is proposed for soft fault diagnosis of the CUT. Genetic algorithm (GA) has the powerful ability of searching the global optimal solution, and back propagation (BP) algorithm has the feature of rapid convergence on the local optima. The hybrid of two algorithm will improve the evolving speed of neural network. GA-BP scheme adopts GA to search the optimal combination of weights in the solution space, and then uses BP algorithm to obtain the accurate optimal solution quickly. Experiment results show that the proposed GA-BP scheme is more efficient and effective than BP algorithm.     

A Novel Method for the Diagnosis of the Incipient Faults in Analog Circuits Based on LDA and HMM

Diagnosis of incipient faults for electronic systems, especially for analog circuits, is very important, yet very difficult. The methods reported in the literature are only effective on hard faults, i.e., short-circuit or open-circuit of the components. For a soft fault, the fault can only be diagnosed under the occurrence of large variation of component parameters. In this paper, a novel method based on linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and hidden Markov model (HMM) is proposed for the diagnosis of incipient faults in analog circuits. Numerical simulations show that the proposed method can significantly improve the recognition performance. First, to include more fault information, three kinds of original feature vectors, i.e., voltage, autoregression-moving average (ARMA), and wavelet, are extracted from the analog circuits. Subsequently, LDA is used to reduce the dimensions of the original feature vectors and remove their redundancy, and thus, the processed feature vectors are obtained. The LDA is further used to project three kinds of the processed feature vectors together, to obtain the hybrid feature vectors. Finally, the hybrid feature vectors are used to form the observation sequences, which are sent to HMM to accomplish the diagnosis of the incipient faults. The performance of the proposed method is tested, and it indicates that the method has better recognition capability than the popularly used backpropagation (BP) network.