Nafion修饰玻碳电极伏安法测定痕量锡

报道了一种用Nafion修饰玻碳电极测定痕量锡的新方法。研究了Nafion膜的有关特性和测定的优化条件,当富集时间为3min时,峰电流与Sn(Ⅳ)浓度在1×10-9~1×10-7mol/L的范围呈良好的线性关系,检测限为2.46×10-10mol/L。该法用于实际水样中痕量锡的测定,平均回收率为97.24%。     

杯芳烃修饰主客体化学传感器研究——对甲酚的测定

以C—十一烷基间苯二酚杯 (6 )芳烃作为主体分子 ,修饰玻碳电极上制成的一种主客体化学传感器 ,并用其对溶液中的客体分子———对甲酚进行测定。该电极具有良好的选择性 ,对 5 .0× 10 -5～2 .0× 10 -3 mol/L的对甲酚具有很好的线性响应 ,检测下限为 3.0× 10 -5mol/L ,同时对修饰前后玻碳电极的表面状态进行了研究     

汞膜电极测定辣椒制品中苏丹红Ⅰ号的研究

利用循环伏安法(CV)、线性扫描伏安法(LSV)研究了苏丹红Ⅰ号(SudanⅠ)在汞膜玻碳电极上的电化学行为。在pH 4.0的BR缓冲溶液-乙醇底液中,SudanⅠ在-0.5 V左右处产生一灵敏的还原峰,在选定的最佳条件下,峰电流与SudanⅠ浓度在9.49×10-7~1.40×10-5mol/L范围与其峰高有良好的线性关系,回归方程为ip=3.5202+8.7273C(×10-6mol/L),r=0.9953。检出限为4.77×10-7mol/L。据此建立一种快速、简便测定SudanⅠ的方法。     

一种新的全固态Zn（CN）4^2—电极用于镀锌液中锌的测定

本文报道了一种新的全固态Zn(CN)_4~(2-)离子电极的研制,以正交试验设计方法采用L_9(3~3)正交表试验优化电极性能。确定以十六烷基三丁基碘化铵(HTBA)为离子载体,膜含量5％,络合剂KCN浓度0.5mol/L时为最优因子组合。电极的平均斜率可达28.6mV/pc(20℃),线性范围1.0×10~(-1)～2.4×10~(-6)mol/L,检测下限4.0×10~(-7)mol/L。将电极用于各种镀锌液中Zn含量测定时,获得了良好的结果。     

铋膜电极阳极溶出伏安法测食盐中锌含量

用铋膜电极代替汞膜电极可避免环境污染。采用玻碳电极同位镀铋在酸性的KSCN介质中测定食盐中锌,结果峰形好、灵敏度高、峰电流值大,检测限为7．8×10^-8mol／L,线性范围为2．0×10^-6mol／L～1．3×10^-5mol／L,加标回收率为92．2％-102．2％。     

多巴胺在石墨烯/多壁碳纳米管电极上的电化学行为

采用滴涂法在玻碳电极上修饰氧化石墨烯及多壁碳纳米管,通过电化学还原方法制备石墨烯/多壁碳纳米管复合材料及相应修饰电极(ERGO/MWCNTs/GCE)。运用循环伏安法研究多巴胺(DA)在修饰电极上的电化学行为。研究表明:与裸玻碳电极相比,多巴胺在修饰电极上氧化峰与还原峰电位差为70 m V,峰电流显著提高,表明该电极对多巴胺具有较好的催化氧化作用。高浓度抗坏血酸的存在不影响多巴胺的测定。在优化实验条件下,多巴胺在4.8×10~(-7)~1.1×10~(-5)mol/L和1.1×10~(-5)~2.93×10~(-4)mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限为8.7×10~(-8)mol/L,RSD为4.3%。     

微分脉冲阳极溶出伏安法测定氢溴酸右美沙芬

应用循环伏安法和微分脉冲阳极溶出伏安法在玻碳电极上对氢溴酸右美沙芬的伏安行为进行了研究。实验结果表明,在pH6.5的B-R(Britton-Robinson)缓冲底液中,氢溴酸右美沙芬在+1.01 V(vs.Ag/AgCl)处有一明显的氧化峰,在4.0×10-6~8.0×10-5mol/L范围内与峰电流呈良好的线性关系(r=0.995 1),检出限为5.6×10-7mol/L。用该方法对氢溴酸右美沙芬片进行了测定,回收率为98.6%~102.9%,结果令人满意,还对其电极反应机理进行了初步探讨。     

PVC盐酸氨溴索选择性电极的制备

以四苯硼酸氨溴索离子缔合物做电活性材料,制成氨溴索PVC电极,对影响电极性能的诸因素作了研究,以最佳条件制备的电极线性范围为1.0×10~(-2)～9.0×10~(-6)mol/L,平均斜率为56.2 mV/decade,检测下限为4.5×10~(-6)mol/L,在PH<5.0的范围内适用,电极响应快,重现性和稳定性好,抗干扰能力强,适用于氨溴索样品的快速测定。     

对氨基苯酚在玻碳电极上的电化学行为研究及测定

研究了对氨基苯酚 (PAP)在玻碳电极上的电化学行为。对氨基苯酚在玻碳电极上能够发生可逆的氧化还原反应 ,其单扫和多扫循环伏安图保持一致 ,在电极上的反应是扩散控制的过程。用示差脉冲伏安法对其测定条件进行了优化 ,在最佳测定pH 8.4的Tris缓冲溶液中 ,PAP的浓度与峰电流在 1.0× 10 -7～ 1.0× 10 -4mol/L范围内呈线性关系。对电极氧化还原机理进行了讨论     

Nafion/MWCNT修饰玻碳电极伏安法测定痕量镉

用阳极溶出伏安法考察了Nation/多壁碳纳米管(MWCNT)复合修饰玻碳电极测量痕量镉的优化条件.在pH 5.8的磷酸盐缓冲液中,当Cd2 在Nation/MWCNT修饰电极表面富集时间为3 min,电位扫速为150 mV/s时,该修饰电极在伏安图上能出现一灵敏的氧化峰,峰电位约为-0.78 V.利用该峰可以进行痕量镉的检测,峰电流与Cd2 浓度在8.0×10-10-1.0×10-8mol/L.的范围内呈良好线性关系,相关系数为0.999,检出限可达100×10-11mol/L(S/N=3).该法用于人发样品中镉含量的测定,平均回收率为98.7%.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。