Use of high-efficiency liquid-chromatography in determining the metal content of waste-water

Conclusions -- New sorbents have been synthesized for the separation of transition heavy-metal ions by the high-performance liquid-chromatography method.-- The possibility has been demonstrated for a rapid and selective chromatographic separation of six metal ions.Klinskii Khimvolokno PO. Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 5, pp. 56–57, September–October, 1992.     

甲醛——电导法测定工业废水中NH4^＋离子的含量

用甲醛与工业废水中ＮＨ４＾＋定量反应释放出Ｈ＾＋,用电导率仪测量电导率变化值,通过工作曲线求出工业废水中ＮＨ４＾＋的含量。此法回收率９９．２％￣１００．８％对化工厂排放的废水进行水样分析,并与蒸馏法进行比较,相对标准偏差ＣＶ＝０．５％￣０．５９％,蒸馏法相对标准偏差ＣＶ＝０．６１３％￣０．１４４％。此法快速,设备简单,操作方便,准确度高,重现性好,不爱其它离子干扰,适合化工厂和环境监测。     

使用ICP发射光谱法测定氯乙烯单体中金属离子含量

介绍了精制氯乙烯气化挥发后经过纯水吸收其中的金属离子,使用ICP发射光谱检测金属离子含量,用于指导聚合配方的研究。     

高效液相色谱法测定PTA氧化废水中多环芳烃含量

以精对苯二甲酸(PTA)氧化废水中多环芳烃9-芴酮-2羧基酸、9-芴酮-2,7二羧基酸、2-羧基蒽醌为目标物,采用标准曲线法定量,建立了高效液相色谱(HPLC)测定多环芳烃含量的分析方法。结果表明:采用Shim-Pack VP-ODS色谱柱,在紫外检测器检测波长240 nm,柱温40℃,进样量10μL的条件下,以乙腈/水(含磷酸质量分数0.1%)为流动相,采用梯度洗脱的方法,多环芳烃分离度较好,分析时间约为14 min,多环芳烃标准曲线的拟合方程相关系数均大于0.99;HPLC测定PTA废水中的9-芴酮-2羧基酸为0.66μg/g,9-芴酮-2,7二羧基酸为0.59μg/g,2-羧基蒽醌为0.54μg/g;该方法的加标回收率为96.7%~103.7%,相对标准偏差为1.52%~2.68%。     

水中镍含量测量结果的不确定度评定

通过建立数学模型对原子吸收分光光度计-火焰法测定水中镍的不确定度进行分析和评估,计算影响测量结果不确定度的各分量值并进行合成,为建立有效的质量控制方法提供了依据。     

废水中甲醇的检测

我公司通过检测甲胺车间排放废水的化学耗氧量来监控其中的有机物总含量，但此法不能对废水中的各项有机物定性和定量。如果可以分门别类地检出这些有机物，并测定其含量，就可以查出这些物质的排放源头，从而采取措施从源头上消除它们，这样，不仅可以减少污染，也能最大限度地降低跑、冒、滴、漏。     

Electrodialytic recovery process of metal finishing waste water

A study for electrodialytic recovery of waste water was made in the nickel electroplating process. By the use of the electrodialysis equipment, rinsing waste water is desalted and reused for rinsing, while nickel salt is concentrated and recovered to the plating bath. Although conventional electiodialysis equipment is able to apply in this process, proper pretreatment and suitably designed operation condition of the electrodialysis unit are needed for a long term stable operation.     

Use of porous ceramic waste aggregates for internal curing of high-performance concrete

Internal curing has become extensively used to reduce autogenous shrinkage and consequently mitigate the high risk of early age cracking of high-performance concrete (HPC). This paper investigates the efficiency of internal wet curing provided by a new type of aggregate, "recycled waste porous ceramic coarse aggregates" (PCCA). Six different silica fume HPCs with and without the PCCA are examined with respect to measured physical and mechanical property development. Four different replacement proportions of normal weight coarse aggregate (NCA) by the PCCA have been evaluated. The results have shown a high effectiveness of the PCCA for internal curing purposes, to drastically reduce and even to completely eliminate autogenous shrinkage of HPC prepared with a very low water/binder ratio (w/b) of 0.15. It has been found that the incorporation of 40% of the PCCA leads to a non-shrinking HPC that results in an insignificant internal stress accompanied by a significant increase of the compressive strength. It should be noted that for the different proportions of the PCCA incorporated no decrease of the compressive strength has been observed at either early or later ages, as is the case with some conventional lightweight aggregates.     

聚酯工艺塔废水中乙二醇含量分析

用色谱法（内标法）对聚酯工艺塔酯化废水中乙二醇含量进行了测定。介绍了色谱法的仪器条件、测试过程。结果表明,数据的精密度和准确度均较好,色谱法相比于手工滴定法,测定简单、准确度高,测定结果平行性好,避免了滴定法中使用剧毒物质亚砷酸钠带来的安全隐患。     

无火焰原子吸收法测饮用水中重金属元素Al及在TAS-990上应用

介绍了用无火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定生活饮用水中的重金属铝,对操作条件在TAS-990原子吸收分光光度仪上的应用进行了探索,确立了分析方法在测量生活饮用水中重金属铝的应用。     

工业氧化性废水中COD与TOC的相关性研究

介绍在满足快速测定TOC的条件下快速测定化学需氧量的方法.该法依据化学需氧量与TOC相关性来换算对应的化学需氧量,解决了废水样品受其氧化性环境的影响不能正常测定化学需氧量的问题.     

差示分光光度法测定废水中间甲酚的含量

对间甲苯胺经重氮化水解制备间甲酚中所产生的废水,采用差示分光光度法测定其中间甲酚的含量,以间甲酚水溶液为参比,在波长237 nm处对间甲酚的NaOH溶液扫描,测得差示吸光度(△A),从而得出废水中间甲酚的含量。同时进行了加标回收率实验,平均回收率为100.3%,相对标准偏差为2.1%。并与4-氨基安替比林分光光度法比较,废水中间甲酚含量非常接近。结果表明,此方法是简单、快速、准确的测定方法。     

The influence of zeolite type A on metal concentrations in water and waste water

Investigations were made to determine the removals of calcium, copper, chromium, nickel, lead and zinc from water and waste water samples by different concentrations of zeolite type A and with zeolite type A forms where sodium had been partially exchanged for calcium. Metal concentrations were determined after a range of different treatments such as filtration, sedimentation in columns and centrifugation. The results indicated that the rate of removal of calcium hardness from samples was a function of the calcium hardness present in the samples. High concentrations of zeolite removed all the metals except chromium from water, but only lead, zinc and cadmium from synthetic waste water samples. In water samples containing cadmium, nickel, copper and zinc, an increase in the calcium exchanged for sodium in the zeolite resulted in a decrease in the percentage of nickel removed from suspension on mixing. At lower environmental concentrations, zeolite type A had no effect on the removal of metals from raw waste water samples.     

氯碱生产中的废水利用和节能措施

介绍氯碱生产中泵机封水、盐泥压滤水、树脂塔再生水、淡盐水及合成炉热水的循环利用措施.     

氯化物含量较高废水中COD含量测定方法的改进

介绍了一种水质化学需氧量的测定方法——改进的重铬酸钾法.改进的方法节省了分析检验时间,方便了操作,满足了氯碱生产过程中氯离子质量浓度大于1 g/L样品的分析检验.     

New technologies to determine solid fat content on-line

The determination of solid fat content (SFC) is an important analytical procedure in the food industry. The most common way to determine SFC is by low-resolution pulsed NMR (p-NMR). Although this technique is very sensitive and easy to use, it has the disadvantage that it cannot be used for on-line measurements. The present work compares new technologies to determine SFC on-line. On-line ultrasonic spectroscopy and NMR-MOUSE (NMR mobile universal surface explorer) techniques were compared with off-line p-NMR measurements and there was a good correlation between the values obtained. Ultrasonic measurements accurately described the SFC variation, whereas NMR-MOUSE determinations need to be improved to some extent owing to a strong temperature and motion dependence. These two techniques can be used as on-line methodologies to determine SFC during the crystallization of fats.     

吸附法处理重金属废水的研究进展

综述了吸附法处理重金属废水的研究进展。讨论了天然材料、合成材料、改性材料、生物材料等种类的吸附剂,探讨了各类吸附剂的吸附机理和影响吸附的因素。展望了未来水处理吸附剂的发展方向,廉价的、高效的、无二次污染的吸附剂将会得到大力开发。     

粉煤灰处理含重金属废水试验研究

本文比较了粉煤灰及酸活化粉煤灰处理重金属离子的性能 ,着重探讨了酸活化粉煤灰去除工业电镀废水中重金属离子铬、铅、铜、镉的适宜条件 ,经处理后的废水可达到排放标准。同时提出了一套成功的粉煤灰活化工艺 ,具有较好的社会效益和经济效益。