钇对甲烷芳构化催化剂Mo／HZSM—5性能影响的研究

研究了稀土钇的含量对Ｍｏ／ＨＺＳＭ－５催化剂的活性和选择性的影响，发现稀土钇的加入，不同程度上提高了Ｍｏ／ＨＺＳＭ－５的活性和选择性。特别是，当Ｙ／Ｍｏ＝０．０４时，活性最佳。甲烷在１０２３Ｋ芳构化反应，转化率达１９．６％，苯的选择性达９６．５％，且活性较稳定。     

用~(31)P-NMR谱法分析硫化二硫代磷酸钼摩擦改进剂的组分

报道了关于３１Ｐ ＮＭＲ谱法分析不同反应条件下所制得硫化二硫代磷酸钼（Ｓ ＭｏＤＴＰ）摩擦改进剂的组分及其变化。结果表明，所合成８种Ｓ ＭｏＤＴＰ产物均是由１２～１３个有机５价Ｍｏ—Ｓ、ＰＳ、ＰＯ化合物及有机３价Ｐ—Ｓ化合物组成的混合物，其中随着反应温度从３０℃升至１００℃，或者随着Ｐ／Ｍｏ摩尔比从２／１降至１．２／１，或者随着预通Ｈ２Ｓ时间从０增至４５ｍｉｎ，其Ｓ ＭｏＤＴＰ产物中所含有机５价Ｍｏ—Ｓ化合物的含量（ｗ）分别从２８．９％、４２．４％和３７．２％增至５２．５％、５２．７％和４２．４％。     

耐浓硫酸腐蚀新型铸造合金的研究

本文设计了新型铸造合金的化学成份：Ｃ≤０．０３；Ｓｉ４．０％～５．０％，Ｍｎ≤１．０％，Ｐ，Ｓ≤０．０３％，Ｃｒ２４．０％～２６．０％，Ｎｉ２９．０％～３１．０％，Ｍｏ２．０％～４．０％；Ｃｕ１．５％～７．５％，Ｆｅ为余量。通过Ｘ射线衍射，均匀腐蚀，点腐蚀，晶间腐蚀实验，研究了该合金的显微组织及其腐蚀行为。试验结果表明，通过Ｃｒ，Ｎｉ，Ｓｉ，Ｍｏ，Ｃｕ多元合金化的新型铸造合金，经１２００℃，２ｈ水     

Mo—Ni／Al2O3催化剂的TPR特性与加氢脱硫性能

应用ＴＲＰ、ＸＰＳ及ＸＲＤ等技术研究了用浸渍法制备了的Ｎｉ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３、Ｍｏ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３和Ｍｏ－Ｎｉ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３３种催化剂的还原性能，并将Ｍｏ－Ｎｉ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３双金属催化剂与同类型的Ｍｏ－Ｃｏ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３和Ｗ－Ｎｉ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂进行了比较。结果表明：在Ｍｏ－Ｎｉ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３中，ＭｏＯ３呈高度分散状态，ＮｉＯ的加入减弱了Ｍｏ与载体间的强相互作用，并在催化剂表面形成了两种易还原的复合物，大大降低了     

HXSM-5沸石分子筛催化合成乙酸异戊酯的研究

以ＨＺＳＭ－５沸石分子筛为催化剂,应用常压液固相酯化反应合成了乙酸异戊酯。考察了催化剂用量,醇酸比、反应温度和反应时间对酯产率的影响。结果表明,ＨＺＳＭ－５用量为２克,异戊醇／乙酸为１／２．５（ｍｏｌ比）,反应温度为１３０～１４０℃,反应时间为３小时,酯产率８４％。     

HZSM—5沸石分子筛催化合成乙酸异戊酯的研究

以ＨＺＳＭ－５沸石分子筛为催化剂，应用常压液固相酯化反应合成了乙酸异戊酯。考察了催化剂用量，醇酸比，反应温度和反应时间对酯产率的影响，结果表明，ＨＺＳＭ－５用量为２克，异戊醇／乙酸为１／２．５（ｍｏｌ比）反应温度为１３０～１４０℃，反应时间为３小时，酯产率８４％。     

磷酸三丁酯为载体的乳状液膜体系迁移钇(Ⅲ)的研究

用磷酸三丁酯（ＴＢＰ）－ＬＭＳ－２－磺化煤油乳状液膜体系研究了Ｙ（Ⅲ）的迁移行为。当膜相体积分数为５．０％ＴＢＰ和２．０％ＬＭＳ－２,内相为０．０１ｍｏｌ／ＬＮａＨＣＯ３,外相含６ｍｏｌ／ＬＮＨ４ＮＯ３,酸度为ｐＨ＝３时,Ｙ（Ⅲ）能快速并完全迁移。常见过渡元素离子如Ｆｅ２＋,Ｃｏ２＋,Ｎｉ２＋,Ｍｎ２＋,Ｚｎ２＋等均不迁移,故可以从这些离子的混合液中分离Ｙ（Ⅲ）,回收率可达９８％以上。     

耐硫酸及其盐腐蚀的新型双相不锈钢的研究

针对含Ｈ２ＳＯ４１１０．５ｇ／Ｌ、Ｎａ２ＳＯ４３８７ｇ／Ｌ、ＺｎＳＯ４１４．４ｇ／Ｌ，密度为１．３５ｇ／ｃｍ３，温度为６０℃的介质，设计了泵用不锈钢的金相组织和化学成分。其金相组织确定为奥氏体—铁素体双相不锈钢，化学成分为：Ｃ≤０．４％、Ｓｉ４．０％～５．０％、Ｍｎ≤０．８％、Ｐ，Ｓ≤０．０３％、Ｃｒ１９％～２１％、Ｎｉ１９％～２１％、Ｍｏ２．０％～３．０％、Ｃｕ２．０％～３．０％，其余为Ｆｅ。采用金相显微镜和Ｘ射线衍射的方法观察与分析了钢的金相组织，通过试验测定了耐蚀性能，并与性能优良的９０４和ＣＤ４ＭＣｕ钢进行对比。试验结果表明，经１１００℃固溶处理后的新型双相不锈钢（ＫＳ－５）耐蚀性能明显优于对比合金。     

稀士助剂Y对甲烷芳构化反应催化剂Y—Mo／HZSM—5表面性质的影响

用吡啶－ＴＰＤ实验和异丙醇分解反应研究了稀土助剂Ｙ对甲烷芳构化反应催化剂Ｍｏ／ＨＺＳＭ－５表面性质的影响，说明了稀土Ｙ对Ｍｏ／ＨＺＳＭ－５催化剂的添加增强了催化剂表面的酸性，从而促进了甲烷的活化，提高了甲烷转化率。     

CIMCu-Ni油脂氢化催化剂的工业生产应用

报道了ＣＩＭＣｕ－ Ｎｉ 油脂氢化催化剂的工业生产应用结果：１－ 用于制工业硬化油，ＣＩＭ－１催化剂的活性（时空产率） 是同类国产传统催化剂的５ 倍，ＣＩＭ－ １ 催化剂的活化还原温度比同类传统催化剂低３０ ℃。因而使催化剂用量降低到原来的１４，硬化油产量提高０－５％ ，质量提高一个档次；同时还降低了能耗，延长了设备寿命，降低了废催化剂的量，减少了环境污染，提高了劳动生产率。２－ 用于制食用氢化油，ＣＩＭ－ ２ 催化剂的活性（ 时空产率） 是美国Ｈａｒｓｈａｗ 公司ＨａｒｃａｔＳＰ－ ７ 催化剂的５ 倍，选择性与Ｈａｒｃａｔ ＳＰ－７ 相当。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。