OFDMA系统下行链路自适应带宽与子载波分配方案

该文分析了OFDMA系统下行链路自适应资源分配问题,在系统总功率约束下提出了最小化系统中断概率的次最佳两步子载波分配算法。首先分析用户带宽分配与子载波功率分配特点,在此基础上提出了根据系统可用资源、用户QoS要求及信道状态为用户分配带宽和子载波的两步分配算法。仿真结果表明,该文提出的算法能在极小化系统中断概率的同时满足总功率约束。     

一种基于多小区OFDMA系统用户公平性约束的分布式资源分配算法

针对多小区OFDMA系统下行链路,研究了用户公平性约束下的资源分配问题,提出了一种多基站协作的迭代优化的分布式资源分配算法。每个小区根据干扰状况及用户公平性,迭代地进行子载波和功率的资源优化;而每次迭代中,根据用户公平性准则分配子载波,并将非凸的小区功率优化问题转化为其下界的凸问题,通过一个分布式算法来求解。通过仿真验证了算法的有效性;仿真结果表明,与传统网络的固定功率分配的情形相比,所提算法保证了用户之间的公平性并显著提高了系统吞吐量。     

基于两跳匹配的OFDMA中继网络联合资源分配算法

针对OFDMA中继网络的两跳特性,提出一种基于两跳匹配的中继网络联合资源分配算法。首先根据中继网络的两跳性建立两跳速率匹配模型,然后利用对偶分解理论将中继网络资源分配的主问题分解为：中继选择、子载波分配和功率分配三个主要的子问题并进行联合优化,同时基于中继网络两跳性在子载波分配的过程中考虑两跳子载波配对,以逼近系统最优解。最后为了保证算法的公平性,考虑子载波分配因子约束以优化子载波分配。仿真结果表明：所提算法将中继选择、两跳子载波配对与功率分配联合优化以进一步提升系统吞吐量,同时引入子载波分配因子约束,保证了算法的公平性。     

考虑用户优先级的OFDMA下行链路自适应子载波分配

针对OFDMA下行链路系统,在总功率以及用户数据速率成比例的约束下,以获取整个系统容量极大化为准则,提出一种考虑用户优先级的自适应子载波分配算法.该算法初始分配时允许每个用户根据用户数据速率的相对比例以及自己的信道状态在所有子载波上独立的进行最优选择,当出现多个用户同时选择一个子载波,即出现冲突时,由平均信道增益的大小来决定用户选择该子载波的优先级.文中分别研究了平均信道增益大者为高优先级以及平均信道增益小者为高优先级的两种冲突解决办法,仿真结果表明,由平均信道增益小的用户来优先选择冲突子载波的算法综合考虑了公平性和频谱效率,与系统容量上限相比,性能损失较小,复杂度低,速度快,能够满足实时要求.     

一种分布式的OFDMA系统资源分配算法

本文研究OFDMA系统的资源分配问题,把该问题建模为一个在基站的总发射功率一定的条件下,使系统中各个用户的权重速率之和最大化的数学模型。并提出一种基于对偶分解的分布式资源分配算法,将该问题分解为一个关于基站的主问题以及若干个关于用户的子问题。各个用户可以通过对子问题的求解获得各自的子载波以及功率的分配方案;而基站通过对主问题的求解使得满足子载波与功率的分配能够满足约束条件的要求,实现各用户权重速率和最大化的优化目标。所提算法能够把一个复杂的优化问题分解为若干个独立的子问题进行并行求解,因此可以有效地降低计算的复杂度以及基站的运算量。仿真结果表明,该算法能够在较少的迭代步数内得到一个近似最优解。      

OFDMA协同通信系统子载波和功率联合分配算法

针对OFDMA协同通信系统资源分配仅考虑平均功率下的子载波分配,中继存在未用功率情况,研究子载波分配后中继剩余功率分配问题。提出一种既满足业务QoS需求又兼顾用户间公平性的子载波和功率联合分配算法,并设计一种基于二分法的功率注水分配方案。测试表明,该算法能在满足业务QoS需求及用户公平性的同时,提升系统容量。     

OFDMA系统中子载波分配算法分析

分析和研究了OFDMA系统中总功率约束条件下的子载波分配算法,利用系统吞吐量增益和用户吞吐量公平比率两个评价参数,对几种典型的子载波分配算法进行了仿真和分析,并给出了分析结论,为实际系统中的资源调度算法设计提供了有益的参考。     

比例速率约束下OFDMA系统近似最优的资源分配算法

中继协作OFDMA系统以及非中继OFDMA系统,在比例速率公平性约束下的无线资源分配问题,是含非线性等式约束的混合离散型优化问题,很难得到满足实时性要求的近似最优算法。该文分别基于这两种系统在速率公平性约束下的等价优化模型,提出拉格朗日松弛的联合优化算法。算法的关键在于OFDMA系统的渐进强对偶性,这个性质使得多项式时间算法的设计成为可能。该文算法的复杂度与系统载波数目成线性关系;仿真结果表明,算法的性能极好地逼近最优分配方案性能。     

组播/单播OFDMA系统中资源分配算法研究

本文研究了组播/单播OFDMA系统中的无线资源分配,为了在满足组播速率需求的条件下最大化单播用户的总速率的优化目标,提出两种资源分配算法.分别采用代价函数和适度度量作为依据为组播用户选择子载波,剩余资源按照最大吞吐量准则分配给单播用户.仿真表明,两种算法均能够满足组播速率需求,且获得的单播用户的总速率接近理论最大值.     

Interleaved-OFDMA中基于子空间的上行链路载波频偏估计方法

在OFDMA系统中,通过为每个用户分配不同的子载波可以实现并行数据传输.采用Interleaved子载波分配方法可以提高频率分集和系统容量,但是发射机和接收机之间的载波频率偏移会破坏子载波间的正交性,从而导致本用户的载波间干扰(ICI)以及用户间干扰(MUI).本文提出了一种基于子空间的两阶段频偏搜索方法,该方法只采用一个OFDMA符号块就可以实现Interleaved-OFDMA上行链路多个用户频偏的联合估计,并且不需要知道接入的用户个数及用户所占用的子信道,因此适用于随机分配子信道的情况.仿真结果验证了算法的精确度和有效性.     

Resource scheduling scheme with QoS support in two-hop relay-enhanced OFDMA systems

As the system performance is obviously improved by introducing the concept of relay into the traditional orthogonal frequency division multiple access(OFDMA)systems,resource scheduling in relay-enhanced OFDMA systems is worthy of being studied carefully.To solve the optimization problem of achieving the maximum throughput while satisfying the quality of service(QoS)and guaranteeing the fairness of users,a novel resource scheduling scheme with QoS support for the downlink of two-hop relay-enhanced OFDMA systems is proposed.The proposed scheme,which is considered both in the first time sub-slot between direct link users and relay stations,and the second time sub-slot among relay link users,takes QoS support into consideration,as well as the system throughput and the fairness for users.Simulation results show that the proposed scheme has good performance in maximizing system throughput and guaranteeing the performance in the service delay and the data loss rate.     

正交频分多址系统中一种面向多业务应用的自适应资源分配算法

针对正交频分多址(OFDMA)系统下行链路多业务自适应调度的问题,该文首先以最大化系统吞吐量为优化目标、每种业务的服务质量(QoS)保证为约束条件,建立了一种通用的多业务自适应资源分配模型。为解决此优化问题,提出了一种具体的自适应资源调度算法。该算法对实时业务按照用户选择最好的信道的原则分配尽可能少的资源以保证其QoS,对非实时业务把尽可能多的剩余资源按照信道选择最好的用户的原则进行分配,充分利用信道资源,提升系统容量。仿真结果表明,该算法保证了下行OFDMA系统吞吐量的同时,在实时业务的延时和丢包率等方面有一定的优越性。     

Chunk‐based and fairness‐based resource allocation in multicast distributed MISO‐OFDMA systems

The resource allocation problem for the downlink of orthogonal frequency‐division multiple access (OFDMA) wireless multicast systems is investigated. It is assumed that the base station consists of multiple antennas in a distributed antenna system (DAS), whereas each user is equipped with a single antenna. The multicasting technology is able to support several groups of users with flexible quality of service (QoS) requirements. The general mathematical formulation is provided, but achieving the optimal solution has a high computational cost. In our approach, the allocation unit is not the subcarrier, as in conventional OFDMA systems, but a set of contiguous subcarriers, which is called ‘chunk’. For practical implementation, a suboptimal but efficient algorithm is proposed in order to maximize the sum of the maximum attainable data rates of multicast groups of users, subject to total available power and proportional maximum attainable data rate constraints among multicast groups of users. Simulation and complexity analyses are provided to support the benefits of chunk‐based resource allocation to multicast OFDMA DASs, supporting that the proposed algorithm can be applied to latest‐generation wireless systems that provide QoS guarantees. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

QoS aware adaptive resource allocation techniques for fair scheduling in OFDMA based broadband wireless access systems

A system based on orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) has been developed to deliver mobile broadband data service at data rates comparable to those of wired services, such as DSL and cable modems. We consider the resource allocation problem of assigning a set of subcarriers and determining the number of bits to be transmitted for each subcarrier in OFDMA systems. We compare simplicity, fairness and efficiency of our algorithm with the optimal and proposed suboptimal algorithms for varying values of delay spread, number of users and total power constraint. The results show that the performance of our approach is appealing and can be close to optimal. We also consider another resource allocation scheme in which there is no fixed QoS requirements per symbol but capacity is maximized.     

OFDMA系统保证服务质量的分组调度算法

在正交频分多址接入系统中采用正比公平算法可以兼顾吞吐量和公平性,有效地提高系统性能。结合正比公平算法,该文提出一种应用于正交频分多址接入系统保证服务质量的分组调度算法。为防止需求速率高但瞬时信道状况差的用户分配过多的子载波,算法使用了动态变化的权重因子。在一次调度过程中,剩余子载波的权重因子可以随着子载波的分配而更新。仿真结果证明,在满足实时业务服务质量的前提下,该算法比正比公平算法具有更好的公平性。     

Novel Fairness Improved Radio Resource Management Schemes for Best-Effort Service in OFDMA Systems

In this paper, we propose a complete radio resource management procedure for best-effort service in OFDMA systems, which improves the system fairness with graceful throughput degradation compared to the upper bound of the system throughput. By the proposed bandwidth and power allocation algorithms, the user in the worst channel environment has almost the same probability of accessing the system as the user in the best channel environment. Furthermore, a novel sub-channel allocation algorithm is proposed to exploit frequency selectivity and multi-user diversity gains simultaneously in OFDMA systems, which is able to achieve the highest system throughput given each user’s channel environment.     

Handover with resource pre-allocation in the OFDMA systems

This article proposed a new handover algorithm for beyond the third generation (B3G) systems with an orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) downlink. In the proposed algorithm, handover mobile termination (MT) chooses a subchannel set in the candidate cells by a subchannel booking rule, based on the terminal speed and the subchannel's channel state information (CSI). Moreover, the handover decision is made after analyzing if at least one candidate cell can reserve the subchannel set for the handover user. Simulation results show that the algorithm reduces the number of handovers and guarantees the quality of service (QoS) for the handover users. It yields better system performance in the OFDMA systems.     

The Economical Tradeoffs of Spectral Efficiency in OFDMA Cellular Systems

This paper provides the economical tradeoffs for supporting multiple services over an OFDMA cellular network. These tradeoffs are related to two conflicting goals: (1) maximizing coverage so as to lower the system cost; and (2) maximizing the number of end users so as to maximize revenues. This problem is formulated in terms of coverage spectral efficiency, which directly determines the system capacity. We will analyze how the coverage geometry and the service requirements affect the coverage spectral efficiency, which determines the revenue generation. This paper also shows how the channel impairments (shadow fading, fast fading, and co-channel inference) affect the economics of the OFDMA system.     

PAPR reduction in mobile WiMAX: a novel DST precoding based random interleaved OFDMA uplink system

Mobile WiMAX is a 3rd generation broadband wireless technology that enables the convergence of mobile and fixed broadband networks through a wide area radio-access. Since January 2007, the IEEE 802.16 working group has been developing a new amendment the IEEE 802.16 standard i.e. IEEE 802.16 m as an advanced air interface to meet the requirements of ITU-R/IMT-Advanced for 4G systems. The mobile WiMAX air interface adopts orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) as multiple access technique for its uplink and downlink to improve signal performance affected by multipath distortion. All OFDMA based networks, including mobile WiMAX, experience the problem of high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR). This paper presents a discrete-sine-transform precoding technique based random-interleaved OFDMA (RI-OFDMA) uplink system for PAPR reduction in mobile WiMAX. The PAPR of proposed system is analyzed with root-raised-cosine pulse shaping filter to keep out of band radiation low and to fulfill the spectrum mask requirements. Simulation results show that, the proposed system has low PAPR compared to the Hadamard transform precoded RI-OFDMA uplink systems and the conventional RI-OFDMA uplink systems.     

A low-complexity zero-forcing CFO compensation scheme for OFDMA uplink systems

Similar to the conventional orthogonal frequencydivision multiplexing (OFDM) system, an OFDM multiple access (OFDMA) system will have a carrier frequency offset (CFO) problem. Since CFOs of all users are different, CFO compensation in the OFDMA uplink system is much more involved. A simple, yet efficient, method is the zero-forcing (ZF) compensation method. However, it involves an inverse of an N × N CFO-induced ICI matrix, where N is the number of subcarriers. Thus, the complexity can become very high when N is large, a case commonly seen in OFDMA systems. In this work, we propose a low-complexity ZF method to overcome the problem. The main idea is to use Newton's method to solve matrix inversion iteratively. We explore the structure of the CFOinduced ICI matrix and develop a method that can implement Newton's method with fast Fourier transforms (FFTs). As a result, the required computational complexity is significantly reduced from O(N³) to O(2N log₂N). Simulations show that, with only three iterations, the proposed method can have similar performance to the direct ZF method.