2—氨基—4,6—二甲基嘧啶的合成

用胍与乙酰丙酮的缩合反应合成了2-氨基-4,6-二甲基嘧啶。硝酸胍与乙酰丙酮的反应摩尔比为1:1.6。pH值为8.23,水为溶剂,室温下反应24h.收率达97%。     

2-氨基-5-甲氧基苯磺酸的合成研究

以对氨基苯甲醚为原料，在溶剂汽油中经磺化合成了2-氨基-5-甲氧基苯磺酸，产品收率在86%以上，且不含致癌物，溶剂回收率在95%以上。     

相转移催化法合成2—氨基—2,3—二甲基丁腈

在２－氨基－２，３－二甲基丁腈的合成中使用相转移催化剂，可使反应时间缩短，氨水用量大幅度降低，收率仍可保持在９０％左右。     

4—氯—5—硝基—2—氨基苯酚的合成

本文以4-氯-2-氨基苯酚为起始原料合成了4-氯-5-硝基-2-氨基苯酚，4-氯-2-氨基苯酚经醋酐酰化制得2-乙酰氨基-4-氯苯酚，粗产率为92.4%，熔点为170.3℃-171.3℃，然后分别以氯苯，邻二氯苯为脱水剂在回流条件下反应15小时，经真空蒸馏得到5-氯-2-甲基苯并恶唑，熔点为52℃-54℃。将5-氯-2-甲基苯并恶唑进行硝化反应，得到5-氯-6-硝基-2-甲基苯并恶唑，粗产率84.76%，熔点为135.5℃-139.0℃，5-氯-6-硝基-2-甲基苯并恶唑在强碱条件下水解后，经解析得到4-氯-5-硝基-2-氨基苯酚，粗产率为90.10%。熔点为209.8-210.0℃。     

3—氯—N—羟基—2，2—二甲基丙酰胺的合成研究

介绍了用盐酸羟胺和3－氯－N－羟基－2，2－二甲基丙酰氯为原料，在催化剂的条件下合成3－氯－N－羟基－2，2－二甲基丙酰胺的方法，并选择出了最佳优惠条件。目标产物含量＞90％，收率＞80％。     

催化加氢制备2，5—二氯苯胺

本文提出了以2，5-二氯哨基苯为原料，以RaneyNi为催化剂进行加氢还原制备2，5-二氯苯胺，并采用双氰胺为脱氯抑制剂，产品收率达91.2%。     

N-甲基-2-甲基-5-甲氧基-4-氨基苯磺酰胺的合成

本文以5-甲基-2-甲氧基苯胺（克立西汀）为原料通过N-酰化反应（温度：70℃-80℃，收率：96.2%，纯度：99.6%)，氯磺化反应（温度；0℃-60℃，收率：89.2%，纯度：97.5%)，磺酰胺化反应（温度：70℃-80℃，收率；96.2%，纯度：99.5%)，酰胺水解反应(3mol/l盐酸回流，收率；81.7%，纯度：99.2%)合成标题化合物，讨论了反应条件。     

生物合成二甲基—2—哌啶酮

杜邦最近开发出生物降解型溶剂———二甲基 -２ -哌啶酮的生物合成路线 ,这种溶剂可以清洗金属和电子器件（如计算机电路板）等。二甲基 -２ -哌啶酮由溶剂Ｘｏｌｖｏｎｅ同细菌细胞和尼龙制造中的副产物２ -甲基戊二腈反应合成。目前 ,这种工艺仍在试验中 ,结果表明 ,细菌反应选择性比化学反应有更高的收率 ,并能减少杂质。该工艺的关键是一层凝胶层将细菌细胞密封 ,并允许细胞与２ -甲基戊二腈进行反应。在生物催化剂超过化学催化剂的环境中 ,封装技术可降低成本。细菌细胞的直径只有２～３μｍ ,用凝胶体来包裹它们 ,形成更容易处理的微…     

对硝苯胺—2—磺酸的合成研究

以溶剂汽油和石油醚按一定比例复配成混合型溶剂，在该溶剂中，对硝基苯胺经磺化合成了对硝基苯胺-2-磺酸。产品收率在85%以上，溶剂回收率在95%以上。改进后，本工艺原料利用率高，废弃物排放量小。     

SO4^2—／TiO2—MoO3催化合成异丁醛1，2—丙二醇缩醛

以固体超强酸SO4^2—／TiO2-MoO3为催化剂，对以异丁醛(Ⅱ)和1，2-丙二醇(Ⅲ)为原料合成异丁醛1，2—丙二醇缩醛(I)的反应条件进行了研究。实验表明：SO4^2—／TiO2-MoO3是合成异丁醛1，2-丙二醇缩醛的良好催化剂，较系统地研究了醛醇摩尔比、催化剂用量、反应时间诸因素对收率的影响。最佳反应条件为：n(异丁醛)：n(1，2-丙二醇)＝1：1．3，催化剂用量为反应物料总质量的1．0％，环己烷为带水剂，反应时间1．0h。上述条件下，异丁醛1，2—丙二醇缩醛的收率可达82．5％。     

3-氨基-4-甲氧基乙酰苯胺合成新工艺

以2,4-二硝基氯苯为原料,经甲醇醚化先制得2,4-二硝基苯甲醚,再经Raney镍催化氢化得2,4-二氨基苯甲醚,不分离直接进行选择性酰化,合成出重要分散染料中间体3-氨基-4-甲氧基乙酰苯胺,品质稳定,全程收率大于80％。     

6-溴甲基-3,4-二氢-2-甲基-4-氧代喹唑啉的合成

用对甲基苯胺与水合三氯乙醛、盐酸羟胺反应制得对甲基(N-肟基乙酰)苯胺,再与浓硫酸反应生成5-甲基靛红,后经碱性过氧化氢氧化,制得2-氨基-5-甲基苯甲酸。将2-氨基-5-甲基苯甲酸与硫代乙酰胺反应生成的3,4-二氢-2,6_二甲基4氧代喹唑啉,经N-溴代琥珀酰亚胺溴化得到标题化合物,其结构经IR,MS,^1HNMR和元素分析确证,5步反应总收率为23．1％。     

2-氨基-3，5-二溴苯甲醛的合成研究

本文介绍2-氨基-3,5二溴苯甲醛的合成新方法。它是以邻硝基苯甲醛为起始原料,铁粉为还原剂,在乙酸和乙醇溶剂中还原,得到邻氨基苯甲醛（I）,然后I与NBS进行溴代反应得到目标产物,总收率为8413％,产物结构经过。HNMR确证。该方法操作简便,安全性高。     

2-萘酚及其衍生产品合成工艺进展

本文介绍了2-萘酚及其衍生物吐氏酸、J酸、2,3酸的合成技术进展,并就它们的合成技术、三废处理及技术发展方向等作简述。     

氯唑沙宗的合成工艺改进

2-氨基-4-氯苯酚与脲在氯苯中用浓硫酸作催化剂合成5-氯苯并唑酮。反应结束后用水蒸气蒸出氯苯。最后产品采用温热水洗涤提高其纯度。口恶     

Kinetics of the absorption of carbon dioxide into mixed aqueous solutions of 2-amino-2-methyl-l-propanol and piperazine

The reaction kinetics of the absorption of CO₂ into aqueous solutions of piperazine (PZ) and into mixed aqueous solutions of 2-amino-2-methyl-l-propanol (AMP) and PZ were investigated by wetted wall column at 30-40 °C. The physical properties such as density, viscosity, solubility, and diffusivity of the aqueous alkanolamine solutions were also measured. The N₂O analogy was applied to estimate the solubilities and diffusivities of CO₂ in aqueous amine systems. Based on the pseudo-first-order for the CO₂ absorption, the overall pseudo first-order reaction rate constants were determined from the kinetic measurements. For CO₂ absorption into aqueous PZ solutions, the obtained second-order reaction rate constants for the reaction of CO₂ with PZ are in a good agreement with the results of Bishnoi and Rochelle (Chem. Eng. Sci. 55 (2000) 5531). For CO₂ absorption into mixed aqueous solutions of AMP and PZ, it was found that the addition of small amounts of PZ to aqueous AMP solutions has significant effect on the enhancement of the CO₂ absorption rate. For the CO₂ absorption reaction rate model, a hybrid reaction rate model, a second-order reaction for the reaction of CO₂ with PZ and a zwitterion mechanism for the reaction of CO₂ with AMP was used to model the kinetic data. The overall absolute percentage deviation for the calculation of the apparent rate constant k_app is 7.7% for the kinetics data measured. The model is satisfactory to represent the CO₂ absorption into mixed aqueous solutions of AMP and PZ.     

4-氨基-3-硝基苯磺酸的合成反应研究(Ⅲ)

本文分别以过量硫酸及发烟硫酸为反应介质，对邻硝基苯胺的磺化反应条件进行了研究，得出了较佳的反应条件。在此条件下，磺化反应的转化率可达90％以上。     

Characteristics of absorption and regeneration of carbon dioxide in aqueous 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol/ammonia solutions

In this study, the removal efficiency, absorption amount, and loading value of CO₂ into aqueous blended 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP)/ammonia (NH₃) solutions were measured by using the absorption and regeneration continual process. The effect of adding NH₃ to enhance absorption characteristics of AMP was investigated. The performance was evaluated under various operating conditions. As a result, the method of blending AMP and NH₃ was not adequate because of a problem with scale formation. Consequently, NH₃ of 1, 3, 5, and 7 wt% was added to 30 wt% AMP. Of these additions, 5 wt% NH₃ was the optimum concentration because the CO₂ removal efficiency and absorption amount were almost 100% and 2.17 kg CO₂/kg absorbent, respectively. Also, the scale problem was almost absent. As the regenerator temperature varied from 80–110 °C, the loading of rich amine was almost constant, but the loading of lean amine was decreased as the regenerator temperature increased. Thus, the optimum regenerator temperature was 110 °C in this experiment.     

噻吩型偶氮分散染料的合成与应用性能研究

合成了六只蓝色噻吩型偶氮分散染料,并测试了染料的应用性能.讨论了染料的湿处理牢度等应用性能与染料分子结构的关系.结果表明,合成的六只分散染料具有良好的湿处理牢度、耐摩擦牢度及耐升华牢度;重氮组份相同时,偶合组分上带酯基结构的染料,其湿处理牢度优于带有乙酰氧乙基的染料.     

DEGRADATION OF AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS OF ALKANOLAMINE BLENDS AT HIGH TEMPERATURE, UNDER THE PRESENCE OF CO2 AND H2S

An experimental study on the degradation of aqueous solutions of alkanolamine blends, under the presence of carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide, was carried out. The studied alkanolamines were: diethanolamine (DEA), methyldiethanolamine (MDEA), and 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP). Degradation experiments were carried out at a temperature of 200°C. The mass fraction of DEA and MDEA in the studied aqueous solutions was 10% and 35%, respectively. AMP was incorporated into the MDEA-DEA aqueous solutions, with concentrations of (0-8) mass fraction. Partially degraded alkanolamine aqueous solutions were analyzed, after about 90 hours, by gas chromatography.

It was found that in all the studied alkanolamine aqueous solutions the MDEA degrades more slowly than DEA under the same experimental conditions. Degradation of both alkanolamines was found to be almost independent of the AMP concentration. AMP exhibits an intermediate stability; it is more resistant to degradation than DEA but less than MDEA. In addition, thermal degradation of DEA and MDEA is minimal up to 200°C.