基于联合特征直方图的均值漂移目标跟踪算法

针对单一颜色特征跟踪性能差的缺点, 提出一种基于联合特征直方图的均值漂移目标跟踪算法. 采用颜色、边缘、运动3 个具有一定互补性的信息进行联合概率跟踪, 以提高目标模型的描述能力; 利用运动信息修正颜色和边缘模型核函数, 用以克服背景颜色、轮廓对跟踪效果的影响; 根据各特征所占权重, 运用自适应融合法生成关联特征直方图, 并将所构建的目标模型融合到mean shift 跟踪框架中, 实现目标跟踪. 实验结果表明, 所提出的算法具有较高的准确性.

     

自适应模型更新的多特征融合目标跟踪算法

针对目标在运动过程中存在遮挡、光照变化、背景因素等复杂情况下的跟踪问题,提出了一种多特征融合的跟踪算法;利用背景加权后的联合直方图来描述目标的灰度和纹理特征信息,提出一种多帧加权组合的模板更新策略,对模板特征分布进行自适应更新,基于当前粒子特征信息可信度加权设计了一种自适应特征融合观测模型,并结合到粒子滤波算法中,从而提高了跟踪算法的场景适应能力;实验结果表明;与基于单一特征的算法相比,该算法的适应性更强,能有效跟踪复杂场景下的运动目标.     

自适应跟踪与多特征融合的目标跟踪算法

Staple算法采用固定权重与学习率的方式,导致其在物体模糊等场景下跟踪精度低.为此,提出一种自适应跟踪与多特征融合的目标跟踪算法(adp-Staple).特征融合与跟踪过程中引入两种不同置信因子提升跟踪精度,特征提取过程引入主成分分析降维技术提升跟踪速度.在OTB-50与OTB-100数据集上进行对比实验,其结果表明,adp-Staple算法较传统Staple算法有更好的跟踪效果,在运动模糊等场景中有更强的鲁棒性.     

基于粒子滤波的多特征融合视频行人跟踪算法

针对车载视频行人跟踪问题,提出一种基于粒子滤波框架下的多特征融合跟踪算法。为克服车载视频中行人运动与摄像机运动产生的非线性和非高斯性,采用基于蒙特卡罗抽样的粒子滤波跟踪算法,使用一阶自回归动态模型预测目标状态,观测模型自适应加权融合的4种互补性特征。实验结果表明,与没有粒子滤波和多特征融合的跟踪算法相比,在相同精确率水平上,该算法的召回率提高20%以上。     

基于自适应特征融合的无纹理3D目标跟踪

基于轮廓匹配的无纹理3D目标跟踪算法需要根据3D模型和2D投影轮廓的3D—2D匹配点连续估计目标的位置和姿态,但在背景复杂和运动模糊的情况下容易错配导致跟踪失败.针对此问题,提出一种基于自适应特征融合的3D目标跟踪算法.首先在3D模型投影轮廓附近进行轮廓匹配和颜色统计建模,以提取轮廓特征和颜色特征;然后定义基于轮廓特征和颜色特征自适应加权的能量函数,并计算其相对于位置和姿态参数的偏导数;最后通过LM优化算法求解位置和姿态参数的最优值.为处理目标和相机的快速运动,采用由粗到细的策略在多尺度视频帧中迭代跟踪.定性和定量实验结果表明,在复杂背景和运动模糊的情况下,该算法仍能实现快速稳定的跟踪,具有较高的精确性和鲁棒性.     

基于条件对抗网和层次特征融合的目标跟踪

为了解决目标跟踪过程中因运动模糊和低分辨率导致跟踪效果变差的问题,提出一种基于条件对抗网和层次特征融合的目标跟踪算法。使用条件对抗生成网络模型（DeblurGAN-v2）,对输入的低分辨率视频帧去模糊;使用改进型VGG-19网络提取目标候选区域的Conv2、Conv4、Conv6三层特征,将孪生网络提取到的低层结构特征、中层特征与高层语义特征进行融合,以提高特征的表征能力。在目标跟踪评估数据集OTB2015与VOT2018上的实验结果表明,与SiamFC、SiamDW等其他算法相比,该算法具有更高的准确性,能够适应目标遮挡运动模糊、外观变化及背景干扰等复杂情况。相比于SiamFC,改进算法在OTB2015数据集上成功率提升5.5个百分点,在VOT2018数据集上EAO提升16.4个百分点。     

基于自适应变结构信息滤波的目标跟踪算法

目前目标跟踪算法采用的交互多模型,大多是通过固定模型之间的切换来完成目标跟踪,这容易出现模型集与目标真实运动不匹配问题,降低目标跟踪的精度。同时,现在大部分观测平台都能提供多传感器量测,这要求跟踪算法能对不同量测信息进行高效数据融合。针对上述问题,提出一种基于自适应变结构多模型和信息滤波的跟踪算法,它由少量模型构成模型集,通过在线更新模型集参数以自适应目标真实运动,采用无迹卡尔曼信息滤波融合多传感器量测信息,实现对目标的跟踪。仿真结果表明,该算法可以有效融合多传感器量测信息,自适应匹配目标真实运动,实现对目标稳定的高精度跟踪。     

多特征自适应融合的粒子滤波跟踪算法

针对跟踪过程中目标形态不断变化或部分遮挡导致鲁棒性差的问题,提出一种基于多特征自适应融合的粒子滤波跟踪算法.该算法从视觉特征集中选取了描述能力强的2种特征,并将其按照与目标模型的多尺度相似度进行线性融合;为了减小跟踪漂移,通过计算当前目标模型与初始目标模型的多尺度相似度自适应地更新目标模型.大量仿真实验结果表明,文中算法可以鲁棒地跟踪到部分遮挡和形态变化的运动目标.     

基于动态贝叶斯网络的多特征目标跟踪

通过将动态贝叶斯网络模型应用到人体目标跟踪中,提出了一种多特征融合跟踪算法。该方法基于动态贝叶斯网络建立状态模型,分别针对形变、遮挡、有干扰三种情况提取运动中人体的颜色和梯度特征,利用粒子滤波方法对颜色特征和梯度特征进行融合。实验表明,提出的多特征跟踪算法能较好地解决复杂环境下的目标跟踪问题,相比传统的利用单一目标特征的跟踪算法具有更好的鲁棒性和准确性。     

一种融合多特征与子快的抗遮挡算法

为解决复杂情况下运动目标的检测问题,本文提出一种基于多特征融合和新子块分割的算法。该算法通过综合目标的颜色和纹理特征加强对目标的跟踪,并通过新的子块分割完成对不同子块的权值赋予,对发生遮挡时不同区域进行差别处理。同时在发生完全遮挡时还采用kalman滤波模型对轨迹进行预测,获得运动目标信息并更新。实验结果表明:该算法能够较好的完成遮挡情况下的目标跟踪。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。