面向便携式设备的数字水印检测方法

目的为了适应便携式数字水印检测时高抗打印拍照扫描及低算法复杂度的要求,提出一种基于ARM系统与基于离散小波变换和矩阵奇异值分解的数字水印算法相结合的便携式数字水印检测方法。方法在基于ARM便携式系统中,通过图像采集模块读取含水印图片信息,利用DWT-SVD数字水印算法进行水印检测,并在LCD上显示检测结果。结果基于ARM处理器的便携式设备,能够准确地检测出水印信息,提取水印NC值可达到0.7。结论该方法具有较好的抗打印拍照性能,且计算复杂度低,能够应用于携式数字水印检测设备。     

基于小波分析的结构损伤检测发展现状与展望

基于小波分析的结构损伤检测技术，以其良好的应用前景，已成为目前学术界、工程界研究的热点。在回顾和总结了小波分析理论及其在结构损伤检测中研究现状的基础上，对今后的发展进行了讨论和展望。     

基于MODWPT的Hilbert谱及其在齿轮故障诊断中的应用

在对基于最大重叠离散小波包变换(Maximal overlap discrete wavelet packet transform,简称MODWPT)的Hilbert谱方法进行介绍的基础上,将基于MODWPT的Hilbert谱应用于齿轮故障诊断当中。采用MOWDWPT可将多分量的复杂信号分解为若干个瞬时频率和瞬时幅值具有经典物理意义的单分量之和,然后求出各个单分量信号的瞬时频率和瞬时幅值,再进行组合便可以得到原始复杂信号完整的时频分布。对具有裂纹和断齿的齿轮故障振动信号的分析结果表明,基于MODWPT的Hilbert谱可以有效地提取齿轮振动信号的故障特征。     

时间序列三维荧光光谱数据的压缩预测

针对时间序列三维荧光光谱数据量大及非平稳的特点,从光谱维和时间维利用小波变换对数据进行了压缩。结果表明二维压缩重构前后的失真率均小于0.1,相似度都超过0.99,荧光区域一维压缩后重构失真率均小于0.2,相似度超过0.9,压缩效果较好。在小波压缩的基础上,进一步利用自回归移动平均模型对多元时间序列光谱数据进行了预测,探讨了6种不同压缩情况下的预测能力,并与小波神经网络预测方法进行了比较。相关的数值实验表明预测模型不仅对数据进行了有效的压缩,而且具有快速准确的预测能力。     

Band Depth Clustering for Nonstationary Time Series and Wind Speed Behavior

We explore the behavior of wind speed over time, using a subset of the Eastern Wind Dataset published by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. This dataset gives modeled wind speeds over three years at hundreds of potential wind farm sites. Wind speed analysis is necessary to the integration of wind energy into the power grid; short-term variability in wind speed affects decisions about usage of other power sources, so that the shape of the wind speed time series becomes as important as the overall level. To assess differences in intra-day time series, we propose a functional distance measure, the band distance, which extends the band depth of López-Pintado and Romo. This measure emphasizes the shape of time series or functional observations relative to other members of a dataset and allows clustering of observations without reliance on pointwise Euclidean distance. We show a method for adjusting for seasonal effects in wind speed, and use these standardizations as input for the band distance. We demonstrate the utility of the new method in simulation studies and an application to the MOST power grid algorithm, where the band distance improves reliability over standard methods at a comparable cost.     

广义解调时频分析方法在调制信号处理中的应用

介绍了一种新的信号处理方法-基于广义解调的时频分析方法,并将这种方法应用于调制信号的处理。广义解调时频分析方法采用广义解调将时频分布是曲线的信号变换为时频分布是平行于时间坐标轴的直线的信号,然后采用最大重叠离散小波包变换（Maximal overlap discrete wavelet packet transform,简称MODWPT）对广义解调后的信号进行分解,得到若干个瞬时频率和瞬时幅值都具有物理意义的单分量信号,再对各个单分量信号进行逆广义解调,进一步求出瞬时频率和瞬时幅值,从而得到原始信号完整的时频分布。采用广义解调时频分析方法对调幅-调频信号进行了分析,结果表明该方法能有效地提取调幅-调频信号的调制信息。     

分形信号的小波分析

本文提出了分形信号的小波分解与重构的一种快速算法。针对分形信号的自相似和长时相关的特点,采取离散小波变换（ＤＷＴ）对分形信号进行多尺度分解,使其成为各尺度上的近似平稳信号,从而可利用通常的Ｗｉｅｎｅｒ滤波＾［５］或Ｋａｌｍａｎ滤波＾［７］方法进行估计,然后再由ＤＷＴ进行多尺度重构,估计出被噪声污染了的原始信号。本文重点对分形信号的ＤＷＴ进行算法设计,并估计了计算复杂度。     

基于广义解调时频分析的多分量信号分解方法

广义解调时频分析方法是一种新的信号处理方法，该方法将广义解凋和最大重叠离散小波包变换相结合对复杂信号进行分解，得到若干个瞬时频率和瞬时幅值都具有物理意义的单分量信号，从而获得原始信号完整的时频分布。本文在介绍广义解调时频分析方法的基础上，将该方法用于多分量信号的分析，对该方法进行了改进，给出了由改进的广义解调时频分析方法分解多分量信号的具体步骤，从而由改进后的广义解调时频分析方法不仅可以得到原始信号中各个分量的时域波形，而且还可以得到相同的时频分布。采用改进后的广义解调时频分析方法对仿真信号进行了分析，同时和其它时频分析方法进行了比较，结果表明了该方法的有效性。最后，对广义解调时频分析方法中的相位函数选择问题进行了讨论。     

Image Authenticity Detection Using DWT and Circular Block-Based LTrP Features

Copy-move forgery is the most common type of digital image manipulation, in which the content from the same image is used to forge it. Such manipulations are performed to hide the desired information. Therefore, forgery detection methods are required to identify forged areas. We have introduced a novel method for features computation by employing a circular block-based method through local tetra pattern (LTrP) features to detect the single and multiple copy-move attacks from the images. The proposed method is applied over the circular blocks to efficiently and effectively deal with the post-processing operations. It also uses discrete wavelet transform (DWT) for dimension reduction. The obtained approximate image is distributed into circular blocks on which the LTrP algorithm is employed to calculate the feature vector as the LTrP provides detailed information about the image content by utilizing the direction-based relation of central pixel to its neighborhoods. Finally, Jeffreys and Matusita distance is used for similarity measurement. For the evaluation of the results, three datasets are used, namely MICC-F220, MICC-F2000, and CoMoFoD. Both the qualitative and quantitative analysis shows that the proposed method exhibits state-of-the-art performance under the presence of post-processing operations and can accurately locate single and multiple copy-move forgery attacks on the images.     

基于同步挤压和时间窗的时变结构损伤识别

在连续小波变换的基础上,运用同步挤压和时间窗思想,提出了新的时变结构损伤识别指标。通过简支梁刚度突变、刚度线性变化和简支梁多点时变损伤三个数值算例对提出的损伤指标进行了验证,结果表明:该指标能够有效地识别结构的时变损伤,且时间窗的选取基本上不影响时变损伤指标的取值。     

离散余弦小波包变换及语音信号压缩感知

针对语音信号压缩感知问题,在研究语音离散余弦变换(Discrete Cosine Transform,DCT)系数和小波包变换(Wavelet Packet Transform,WPT)特性的基础上构造了离散余弦小波包变换(Discrete Cosine Wavelet Packet Transform,DCWPT)。DCWPT首先获取语音信号的DCT域系数,结合语音频谱特性选取部分DCT系数进行WPT变换,从而得到比DCT系数更加稀疏的DCWPT系数。为将此变换直接用于压缩感知,构造了DCWPT的正交稀疏分解矩阵并分析了其稀疏表示性能。结合稀疏表示基优化了正交匹配追踪重构算法,提出了基于DCWPT的语音信号压缩感知框架。通过压缩重构对照实验,采用主客观评价指标,得出该方法优于传统基于DCT的语音压缩感知方法的结论。     

包装过程的故障检测与诊断

对于控制复杂、难以精确描述数学模型的包装过程，提出了基于小波变换的故障检测方法，故障诊断能过神经网络来实现。     

基于双正交小波变换的资源二号卫星与多光谱影像融合方法研究

针对基于Darbechies等正交小波函数的遥感影像融合时引起失真的现象,引入双正交小波函数,提出了基于双正交小波变换的融合方法,对资源二号卫星和TM的多光谱影像的融合进行研究,并把融合结果与主成分、IHS和Brovey等融合结果进行比较。通过对光谱特征曲线、相关系数、光谱扭曲程度等分析和空间细节的对比,说明双正交小波融合方法除了提高空间分辨率外,最好地保持了多光谱影像的光谱特征,有利于专题信息的提取。     

结构裂纹时序分析的几种识别法

本文利用随机时间序列模式识别技术对具有闭裂纹和开裂纹的工程梁结构进行了故障及其类型的诊断和判别。利用AR(n)模型建立并推导了Fisher 线性判别函数、广义残差方差判别函数、格林函数面积特征量和距离判别函数(即欧几里德距离、K—L 信息距离和广义残差方差距离)。对一悬臂梁在不同状态下的62组随机响应数据进行了故障诊断和判别分析。结果表明,本文所提出的识别方法具有良好的准确度和可靠性,可直接用于结构故障的实时在线诊断和状态监测。     

抗亮度调整攻击的小波域图像数字水印方法

现有的许多小波变换域图像数字水印方法无法抵抗亮度调整攻击,为此,本丈提出了一个抗亮度调整攻击的小波变换域图像数字水印新方法.该方法在原始图像小波变换域的低频系数中嵌入水印,而在含水印图像小波变换域低频系数抗亮度调整修正后的值中提取水印.该方法简单、快速、有效,在提取水印时无需原始图像.实验结果表明:该方法具有很好的水印透明性,对亮度调整攻击非常稳健,并且对常见的其他图像处理攻击(如重采样、颜色抖动、平滑、加噪声和有损压缩等)具有很强的稳健性.     

大跨空间结构风模拟的改进方法及其小波识别

大跨空间结构风速时程模拟需考虑风的时间相关性和空间相关性。利用线性滤波器法并结合快速Foutier变换（FFT）对球面网壳结构进行多点脉动风速时程模拟，较好地解决风速时程的模拟精度、模拟速度和计算稳定性问题。利用小波变换良好的时频局部化性质和可变的聚焦特性，针对模拟的风速时程低频含量较少的特点，利用haar小波对风速时程进行小波分解和识别，修正分解后的低频含量。计算显示，重构修正后的风速时程在时域和频域上均更逼近目标风速时程。     

A Synthesis of Feedback and Feedforward Control for Process Improvement Under Stationary and Nonstationary Time Series Disturbance Models

Process adjustment strategy is an important part of the process improvement methods. The feedback control technique is used to compensate for the deviation of the output, and it has been intensively investigated. For continuous improvement and proactive strategies, feedback control has a delay and thus is not the ideal solution. In this article, motivated by a realistic manufacturing example, we propose the periodic shift disturbance models and investigate the feedforward control application from a new disturbance decomposition framework. We combine feedforward control with feedback control for maintaining the stability of the process and delivering products at target values. Then, we evaluate the performance of different control strategies for various disturbance models by using the output mean square error criterion. Sensitivity analysis of these control methods is made on different model parameter spaces, and robustness analysis for both model parameter and model structure misspecifications is presented. Two simulated examples show that the proposed control strategies can significantly reduce the variation of an evolving disturbance process. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Wavelet‐based adaptive vector quantization for still‐image coding

Wavelet transform coding (WTC) with vector quantization (VQ) has been shown to be efficient in the application of image compression. An adaptive vector quantization coding scheme with the Gold‐Washing dynamic codebook‐refining mechanism in the wavelet domain, called symmetric wavelet transform‐based adaptive vector quantization (SWT‐GW‐AVQ), is proposed for still‐image coding in this article. The experimental results show that the GW codebook‐refining mechanism working in the wavelet domain rather than the spatial domain is very efficient, and the SWT‐GW‐AVQ coding scheme may improve the peak signal‐to‐noise ratio (PSNR) of the reconstructed images with a lower encoding time. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol 12, 166–174, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ima.10024     

一种强噪声背景下的微弱信号检测的新方法

基于自适应滤波算法对小波滤波器的构造方法进行了研究,重点在于解决对强噪声环境下微弱信号提取所需要的小波变换的子带自适应滤波器的构造,把小波变换技术和自适应滤波技术应用于微弱信号的检测。提出基于自适应小波变换的心电信号的检测,利用小波变换的子带编码理论,通过在多个子带权值的自适应匹配,回复后拟合微弱信号。仿真结果表明,该方法可进一步改善信号的检测能力,在检测微弱信号的特征和改善信噪比方面是一种十分有效的方法。     

Efficient and Stable Numerical Methods for Multi-Term Time Fractional Sub-Diffusion Equations

Some efficient numerical schemes are proposed for solving one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) multi-term time fractional sub-diffusion equations, combining the compact difference approach for the spatial discretisation and $L1$ approximation for the multi-term time Caputo fractional derivatives. The stability and convergence of these difference schemes are theoretically established. Several numerical examples are implemented, testifying to their efficiency and confirming their convergence order.