共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 109 毫秒
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超临界CO2萃取、分子蒸馏技术是近年来倍受关注的高新分离技术,本文简述了他们的基本原理、技术特点以及在天然产物领域中的应用现状,并探讨了超临界、分子蒸馏联用技术提取分离天然有效成分的可行性及在工业化应用中存在的问题,以期为该领域的生产和研究工作提供参考。 相似文献
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分子印迹手性识别机理及在色谱分离中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
分子印迹聚合物作为一种具有分子识别能力的新型手性固定相,具有可预测洗脱顺序、分离选择性高、物理化学稳定性好等优点,目前已在色谱手性分离领域取得应用。介绍了分子印迹技术及其手性识别机理的最新研究进展,对该技术在色谱分离领域的应用现状、存在的问题及解决方法进行了重点评述,并展望了其今后的发展方向。 相似文献
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近些年来,超滤膜分离技术在饮用水制备、污水处理及回用等领域取得了不少新成果,应用前景广阔。文章论述了超滤膜分离技术在饮用水制备、油/水乳浊液处理、纤维工业及造纸工业废水处理上的应用研究概况,还阐述了超滤膜分离技术的工作机理、超滤膜材料及膜制备、超滤膜组件、超滤膜的污染及清洗等情况,展示了该技术在水处理中的应用和发展趋势。 相似文献
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The use of supercritical fluids (SCFs) in technology and research has been triggered by several unique features of these media. SCFs allow improvement of technical processes such as extraction, separation, particle formation and chemical reactions. However, it has been just in the last decades that SCFs have gained their importance in science and industrial applications, due to the relatively high pressures usually required when working with these media and the rigorous demands on the equipment used. Opportunities provided by the use of supercritical media in chemical reaction design have been the focus of several reviews(1-17). Here, we concentrate on a discussion of opportunities that SCFs provide in heterogeneous catalysis. First, we will consider the intrinsic properties of SCFs, then discuss the effect of these properties on chemical reactions, especially focusing on heterogeneously catalyzed reactions. Finally, we illustrate some of the opportunities of SCF applications in heterogeneously catalyzed reactions, using pertinent case studies. 相似文献
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超声强化超临界流体萃取机理的研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
从实验和理论上对超声强化超临界流体萃取的机理进行了研究。采用自行设计的内插式超声强化超临界流体萃取装置,运用数码显微成像系统和透射电镜观察了有、无超声作用下超临界流体萃取中空化测试材料和海藻细胞微观结构的前后变化,分析了超声对超临界流体萃取海藻中二十碳五烯酸(EPA)和二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)的传质和萃取率的影响,并根据声化学原理对超临界流体中附加超声场时能否产生空化现象进行了探讨。实验结果发现超声对超临界二氧化碳流体中的空化材料和海藻细胞壁不产生破坏作用,不会产生声空化效应,但提高了海藻中EPA和DHA的萃取传质效果。其实验结果与理论推导相一致。结果表明:超声强化超临界流体萃取的机理不是源于超声空化,而是超声在微环境内产生的机械波动效应和热效应。 相似文献
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The use of supercritical fluids (SCFs) in technology and research has been triggered by several unique features of these media. SCFs allow improvement of technical processes such as extraction, separation, particle formation and chemical reactions. However, it has been just in the last decades that SCFs have gained their importance in science and industrial applications, due to the relatively high pressures usually required when working with these media and the rigorous demands on the equipment used. Opportunities provided by the use of supercritical media in chemical reaction design have been the focus of several reviews(1-17). Here, we concentrate on a discussion of opportunities that SCFs provide in heterogeneous catalysis. First, we will consider the intrinsic properties of SCFs, then discuss the effect of these properties on chemical reactions, especially focusing on heterogeneously catalyzed reactions. Finally, we illustrate some of the opportunities of SCF applications in heterogeneously catalyzed reactions, using pertinent case studies. 相似文献
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超临界流体因兼具液体和气体特性而倍受关注。主要介绍二氧化碳、甲醇、水等超临界流体在高分子聚合物改性、废旧塑料/橡胶回收、纤维素水解及其他方面的应用,并展望了超临界流体在高分子材料领域的应用前景。 相似文献
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