一九九三年第二季度国家监督抽查部分染料、中间体质量情况介绍

根据国家技术监督局的安排,国家染料质检中心1993年第二季度对分散红E-4B、分散深蓝S-3BG、分散红S-5BL、分散红S-R,分散橙S-4RL和染料中间体1-氨基蒽醌、蒽醌、精蒽八个产品进行了国家监督性质量抽查。抽查涉及全国十三个省市的二十六个生产企业,抽查合格率为百分之百。此次抽查的分散染料中分散红S-5BL、分散红S-R、分散橙S-4RL都是近几年新制定的专业标准,标准执行三年来质量情况如何,     

舰船迷彩伪装涂料现状

简述了舰船迷彩伪装涂料的现状和发展方向。指出目前国内外应用最多的是防近红外侦查的变形迷彩涂料,未来的发展方向是多波段兼容隐身材料技术和隐身结构技术的研究。     

隐身技术与隐身材料研究进展

隐身技术与隐身材料在现代国防体系中具有非常重要的意义。本文对雷达隐身技术和红外隐身技术的原理做了系统阐述,并介绍了各种雷达隐身材料和红外隐身材料的国内外研究进展,主要包括多晶铁纤维、手性吸波剂、导电高分子等雷达隐身材料以及低发射率和控制目标温度的红外隐身材料。对智能隐身材料以及多功能一体化隐身材料在隐身材料的未来发展中的作用和趋势进行了分析。     

活性染料S、E、F、R值测试与配伍性能研究

本文采用活性染料特征值S，E，F，R（S-直接性值，E-吸尽值，F-固色值，R-固色速率）来评价染料的配伍性，选择双活性基型活性染料，按一定工艺处方，浸染纯棉织物，测定各染料S，E，F，R值，通过测试出的S，E，F，R值选择一些染料进行组合，拼色和研究，通过实验证明，用S，E，F，R值相近的染料拼色，染色时均匀上色。色相变化很小，而用S，E，F，R值相差大的染料拼色。染色过程中色差变化很大。染色难以控制。     

低发射率红外隐身涂料研究进展

简介红外隐身涂料的隐身原理,重点探讨构成低发射率红外隐身涂料的颜料、黏合剂及隐身涂料红外性能的各种因素,结合国内外研究进展状况,对低发射率红外隐身涂料的后续研究提出了基本设想。     

国内发展动态

阳离子染料是腈纶及其混纺织物的专用着色剂。针对过去用的阳离子染料染色时出现的问题,上海染化三厂已先后开发成功了X型和M型阳离子染料,为解决对腈纶织物进行中浅色染色时出现的问题,最近该厂又制成了阳离子艳黄E-4GL、阳离子艳红E-4BL,阳离子艳蓝E-3RL、阳离子艳紫E-3BL、阳离子荧光红     

红外隐身材料的研究进展

现代战争中,随着红外探测制导技术的迅猛发展,武器装备的生存环境愈发严峻,如何提高武器装备的红外隐身能力成为亟待解决的问题,而红外隐身材料是提升武器装备红外隐身能力的关键。本文简要分析了红外隐身材料的隐身机理,总结了近年来红外低发射率材料、控温材料、光子晶体、智能隐身材料、红外低发射率纳米材料等红外隐身材料的研究现状,展望了红外隐身材料未来的发展趋势。     

微胶囊在隐身涂料中的应用研究进展

随着各种探测技术的快速发展,飞机等军事设备的安全受到了潜在威胁。为了在复杂环境下隐藏军事目标,具有隐身功能的材料或结构受到了各国的广泛关注。本文简述了目前红外隐身及雷达隐身的机理,回顾了现有的红外隐身涂料和雷达吸波涂料的特点及应用原理。介绍了微胶囊的作用机理以及在隐身涂料中的应用。分析表明,虽然目前微胶囊在隐身涂料中并未得到广泛的应用,但是由于其良好的化学稳定性、导热性及分散性,必然能够在隐身涂料中得到更加深入的发展。     

高分子材料在红外隐身中的应用

综述了红外隐身材料中高分子材料的研究与应用现状，对单一型隐身材料、涂层型隐身材料中的树脂和填料、柔性隐身材料、手征隐身材料、多层隐身材料及纳米隐身材料等进行了讨论，并对隐身材料的发展趋势进行了展望。     

增强高分子材料在氙灯人工气候箱中的老化研究

合成材料在国民经济中的广泛应用,要求建立和完善对其耐各种光热作用的评定方法。近年,能弄清紫外辐射、红外辐射、温度和湿度对合成材料影响的人工气候箱试验得到了推广。本文列举了有两层聚氯乙烯涂层的合成织物制成的蓬布材料在日本产“赤道式”模拟     

Digital alkali resist prints on polyester

In earlier papers we have described sulphite‐based and secondary amine‐based resist printing of cotton using ink‐jet procedures. This paper describes the chemical resist printing of polyester fabrics padded with disperse dyes to create a white image on a coloured background. Polyester grounds have been prepared by the pad‐dry ‘dyeing’ of polyester fabrics with alkali‐clearable disperse dyes, such as a Dianix PC (DyStar) or a Dianix SF (DyStar) dye, and subsequently ink‐jet printed with sodium carbonate based ink formulations to yield a white image on a solid ground following high temperature steaming and appropriate wash‐off procedures. Coloured images have been achieved by a two‐step process whereby the coloured ground fabric was initially printed with an alkali‐based ink and then overprinted in a second step with an illuminating ink formulation containing an alkali stable disperse dye, such as a Dianix AD (DyStar) or Serilene ADS (Yorkshire Chemicals).     

高分子材料在红外隐身中的应用研究

高分子材料在红外隐身材料中占有十分重要的地位。文章首先从斯特潘——玻尔兹曼定律出发,阐述了红外隐身技术的基本原理。然后按照高分子材料在红外隐身涂料中扮演角色的不同,分类介绍了红外隐身材料的国内外研究现状。最后分析了各类隐身材料的优缺点,对未来隐身材料的发展做出展望。     

Alkaline dyeing of polyester and polyester/cotton blend fabrics using sodium edetate

An alkaline dyeing of polyester with an alkali‐stable disperse dye, Dianix® Scarlet AD‐RG, was developed using sodium edetate as an alkaline buffering agent. The results obtained indicate the suitability of using sodium edetate for alkaline dyeing of polyester when compared with the control alkaline dyeing using Dianix AD system. Selected mono and bifunctional reactive dyes were used in combination with the alkali‐stable disperse dye for dyeing of polyester/cotton blend. Different dyeing methods for cotton and polyester/cotton blend fabrics using sodium edetate were evaluated in comparison with their respective control alkaline dyeing methods. The results of using sodium edetate in one‐bath two‐stage and two‐bath dyeing of polyester/cotton blend were comparable with that of the control dyeing method. Particularly, no change in the leveling and fastness properties was evaluated for all samples irrespective of the dyeing method. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

红外隐身方法与材料的发展

综述了当前红外隐身方法和隐身材料的发展，对已经采用的方法和材料性能作了介绍，方法主要有述彩隐身，隐身烟幕，红外诱饵，热红外隐身网，隐身材料主要包括金属颜料，着色颜料，半导体颜料的选择和粘合剂的选择等。     

Evaluation of colour fastness and thermal migration in softened polylactic acid fabrics dyed with disperse dyes of differing hydrophobicity

This paper addresses the relative effects of softeners having different properties and their method of application (exhaust vs pad) on the colour fastness of poly(lactic acid) fabrics dyed with a range of disperse dyes with different levels of hydrophobicity. A comparison was made with a correspondingly finished polyethylene terephthalate fabric. Possible relationships between the levels of hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity of the dye, and softener, and the colour fastness were explored. Finally, the amount of dye thermally migrated into the finish on the softened poly(lactic acid) and polyethylene terephthalate fabrics was examined in comparison with their colour fastness. Softened poly(lactic acid) fabrics dyed with CI Disperse Red 167.1 exhibited more thermal migration, and hence lower colour fastness, than the corresponding polyethylene terephthalate fabrics. Conversely, softened poly(lactic acid) fabrics dyed with Dianix Deep Red SF exhibited less thermal migration, and hence better colour fastness, than the corresponding polyethylene terephthalate fabrics. Overall, no clear relationship was found between the hydrophobic nature of the disperse dye and the hydrophobic character of the softener on the colour fastness.     

The effects of alternating current electrocoagulation on dye removal from aqueous solutions

The main goal of this study is to investigate the effects of alternating current (AC) on dye removal from aqueous solutions by electrocoagulation (EC). An EC system with parallel-connected aluminium electrodes was operated in batch mode. Two different aqueous dye solutions were used: one was obtained from Dianix Yellow CC (DY) and the other was obtained using Procion Yellow (PY). The experiments employing direct current (DC) were carried out using a DC power supply. The AC experiments were conducted using rectangular wave, which is produced with an adjustable time relay connected to the output of DC power supply. This current is called alternating pulse current (APC) in order to refer AC system in this study. Total organic carbon (TOC) and dye removal efficiencies were measured to assess treatment efficiency. Operating cost was calculated for both power supply systems and alternating pulse current was found superior to direct current for the treatment of reactive and disperse dyes used in this study.     

High-entropy alloy: An alternative approach for high temperature microwave-infrared compatible stealth

To achieve microwave-infrared compatible stealth in high temperature conditions, high-entropy alloys (HEAs) thin films were deposited on Al₂O₃ matrix by magnetron sputtering technology. Films were annealed to investigate thermal stability at 500 °C, 600 °C and 700 °C, respectively. Results from X-ray diffract meter (XRD), atomic force microscope (AFM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) suggested that high-entropy alloy (HEA) film was seriously oxidized when the annealed temperature reached 700 °C for 6 h, causing a significant decrease of infrared reflectivity. Conversely, HEA films showed low infrared emissivity of 0.09 at 600 °C. Additionally, the films possessed excellent thermal stability at 500 °C for 20 h with low infrared emissivity of 0.11. Finally, a simple metamaterial design utilizing HEA films was proposed for infrared-microwave compatible stealth. With the ability of incorporating excellent thermal stability and durable high temperature stealth performance, the study shows great potential of introducing HEAs in the field of high temperature compatible stealth.     

氯化橡胶在多频段隐身涂层中的应用

从氯化橡胶的分子结构和物理化学特性方面,分别论述了氯化橡胶在红外隐身涂层、雷达隐身涂层、可见光隐身涂层中的应用可行性,说明了氯化橡胶在多频段隐身涂层复合结构中的应用优势。进一步探讨了在隐身涂层中氯化橡胶树脂的防腐蚀性能,适应隐身需要的氯化橡胶分子改性方法,及氯化橡胶与其他粘合树脂相比较的性能优势,并展望了氯化橡胶在多频段隐身涂层中的应用趋势。分析结果表明：氯化橡胶在多频段隐身中的可应用性、所成膜的耐腐蚀性、易施工性能、与隐身颜填料的复合相容性和分子改性方面表现突出。     

热红外隐身涂料的研究进展

简述了热红外隐身的机理、热红外隐身涂料的组成,综述了国内外热红外隐身涂料的研究现状,并分析了其发展方向。