基于仿生蜗舌的离心风机降噪研究

以某型离心风机为研究对象，针对风机运行时的噪声问题，运用仿生学原理对蜗舌进行改型设计，在贝壳类生物中得到启发，设计出交错阶梯型的蜗舌结构。采用雷诺时均方程和声类比相结合的方法对离心风机进行流场以及声场的数值模拟，分析了仿生蜗舌对风机性能、流动特征及气动噪声的影响。结果表明：仿生蜗舌对风机性能影响不大；额定工况下，仿生蜗舌结构风机出口附近的噪声降低了2.8dB，风机整体辐射噪声降低了3.3dB；对离心风机内部的流动特征以及噪声特性进行分析，发现仿生蜗舌处的速度分布更加均匀，抑制了蜗舌处的流动分离现象，在低频段内蜗舌处的压力脉动有所下降，表明风机在运行时的噪声得到了一定的控制。     

不同进口角度面板对贯流风幕机内流与噪声特性的影响

针对风幕机用贯流风机的降噪问题,采用了数值模拟与噪声试验结合的方法对其进行研究。将风机气动噪声作为优化目标,通过调整贯流风机进口面板的结构参数,改善贯流风机内部流动特性,达到降低气动噪声的目的。对4种不同进口面板结构的贯流风机,建立了三维CFD模型,模拟内部流动,分析其内流特性变化。在消声室进行噪声试验、在设计工况下,测试不同进口面板风机噪声,分析噪声频谱特性,探究进口面板改变所导致的内流与噪声频谱特性之间的关系。研究结果表明,在特定转速下,进口结构参数的改变会影响贯流风机进口回流涡的强度和范围,从而影响气动性能与噪声。模型B气动性能提升,流量提升1.5%,全压提升3%。模型C降噪效果明显,噪声降低3.3 dB(A)。     

蜗舌深度对离心风机气动性能和噪声影响研究

针对新风空调离心风机功率高、噪声大的问题,基于CFD仿真与试验研究了不同蜗舌深度对离心风机气动性能和噪声的影响,并着重对A10,A30,A40共3种方案蜗壳在25～60 m³/h流量范围内风机性能和噪声水平进行了分析。结果表明,蜗舌深度优化后,在额定流量45 m³/h工况下,仿真全压值提高5 Pa,全压效率提高17.28%,试验测试功率降低7.8 W,噪声降低1.7 dB;合理选择蜗舌深度能够改善蜗壳扩压段处流动,提高风机气动性能,同时降低风机噪声。研究结果可为离心风机设计提供指导。     

采用进气端叶片开槽降低多翼离心风机气动噪声的研究

叶轮是空调用离心风机风道系统的核心部分,对离心风机的气动性能和噪声有重要影响。本文设计了一种顶端开槽的多翼离心风机叶片,采用数值计算方法研究了叶片进气端开槽对空调用多翼离心风机气动性能和噪声的影响,通过实验测试验证了进气端开槽叶片的降噪效果。结果表明:采用叶片进气端开槽结构能够改善叶轮顶端间隙区域内低速流动状态,抑制叶轮通道内旋涡的扩展,有效降低风机宽频噪声。与原型多翼离心风机相比,采用叶片进气端开槽结构,在保持风量基本不变情况下,风机噪声下降了0.8dB。     

改变蜗壳安装位置提高多翼离心风机性能的试验研究与数值分析

以中央空调中广泛使用的多翼离心风机为研究对象,在不改变现有加工工艺的情况下,保持叶轮和集流器同心,试验研究了改变蜗壳安装位置时的气动性能和噪声特性。试验结果表明:对于本文研究的风机,叶轮中心与蜗壳中心相重合的位置并不是最佳安装位置,适当改变蜗壳的安装位置可使风机性能得到改善。当叶轮偏距L为10mm,偏心角θ为150°时,相比于原风机,改变蜗壳安装位置的风机在变转速工况范围内,风量提高3.5%³.9%,效率提高1.2%3.9%,效率提高1.2%².8%,同时噪声下降1.62.8%,同时噪声下降1.6¹.8dB(A)。对改进前后风机内部流动的数值分析表明:改进风机也改善了叶轮叶道内的总体流动状况,减小叶道内的流动分离损失,增加了流通能力,因而使风机气动性能提高,噪声降低。     

矿用对旋轴流风机气动噪声分析

针对矿用KDF-5局部通风机振动剧烈和噪声大等问题,通过实验采集风机内部流场压力脉动和出口处噪声信号,利用数值模拟,对风机内部流场及气动噪声进行分析.说明不同工况时风机内部流动对风机噪声的影响,并预估出风机出口处噪声频谱特性.给出风机两级叶片的静压时间导数,分析主要噪声源的位置.找出降低风机噪声的途径,改进风机的气动参...     

叶片进口安装角对多翼离心风机噪声的影响

应用数值模拟的方法,分别对多翼离心风机进行了稳态、非稳态及声学计算,并进一步研究了叶片进口安装角对多翼离心风机性能和噪声的影响,获得了风机在设计流量下的性能、蜗舌处压力脉动及风机进口噪声随叶片进口安装角的变化规律。最后,在对数值结果分析的基础上,获得了提高风机性能及降低风机噪声的最佳叶片进口安装角。     

离心风机叶轮气动性能及噪声优化研究

基于CFD数值仿真优化设计方法,以某型高效离心通风机叶轮为研究对象,从气体流动机理出发,对前盘结构进行优化设计,旨在提高风机气动性能,降低风机气动噪声。结果表明,对该型离心通风机,通对对叶轮前盘优化,效率增加1.7%,全压增加2.1%,A计权声压级降低1.5dB(A)。通过样机制造及试验测试,优化后的机型全压效率为79.5%,A计权声压级为73.3dB(A),比A声级为7.6dB(A)。     

车用离心通风机蜗壳气动分析及噪声预测

道路清扫车主要通过风机产生的负压和高速气流实现路面垃圾的收集处理。风机的能耗、稳定工作范围、工作噪声等性能参数直接决定扫路车的性能。因此,节能和环境友好型的车载风机是目前发展的方向,作为风机关键静止部件-蜗壳对风机整机性能有较大影响,本文采用CFD软件对蜗壳进行流场分析,采用某噪声软件进行噪声模拟,通过对蜗壳几何参数对比分析及对流场的噪声分析,研究在不降低甚至提高风机气动性能的前提下,降低风机气动噪声的方法。获得了蜗壳结构参数如蜗壳宽度和蜗舌位置及大小对性能和噪声的影响规律。     

叶片分布方式对微型风机气动噪声影响的数值研究

为探索不等距布置叶片对一种微型风机气动噪声的影响,提出5种叶片分布方式进行性能和气动噪声性能分析。首先利用Realizable k-ε模型求解微型风机内部的非定常流动和性能,并获得声源项信息和风机出口压力脉动,最后采用FW-H方法预测风机出口的气动噪声。数值结果表明,叶片分布不均匀度较小时,分布方式对风机性能影响较小,过大则会引起全压和效率的下降;风机出口压力脉动和声压级有很强的相关性,叶片分布不均匀度在一定范围内可以降低压力脉动主频的幅值和声压级,但超过该范围,将会导致低于叶片通过频率的压力脉动幅值明显增加,该频率的声压级也随之增加。     

不同轴向间隙时多级叶轮机械内部流动分析

应用数值模拟技术,计算了不同轴向间隙轴流风扇级内部三维流动和总性能,详细分析了该风扇级分别在最大流量状态和近失速点状态下内部流动细节,分析不同轴向间隙对风扇级堵塞和失速机理的影响,并比较不同轴向间隙对风扇级总性能的影响.结果表明,轴向间隙的大小对风扇级性能影响很大,反压相同时,轴向间隙减小,流过风扇级质量流量、压比、效率均减小.     

An investigation on the effects of irregular airfoils on the aerodynamic performance of small axial flow fans

In this paper, the effects of airfoils on the aerodynamic performance of small axial flow fans were investigated to reduce airflow turbulence on the blade surface and to improve the aerodynamic performance of small axial flow fans. Irregular airfoils where several convex grooves are bound in the blade pressure surface of the fans have two kinds. The wave-shaped edge is bound to the blade trailing edge of the fans and is designed from the smooth airfoil of the fans. The filtered N-S equations with the finite volume method and the standard k-? turbulence model were adopted to carry out the steady simulation calculation. The large eddy simulation and the FH-W noise models were adopted to carry out the unsteady numerical calculation and aerodynamic noise prediction. The results of simulation calculation are in good agreement with the tests, which proves that the numerical calculation method is feasible. The spectrum characteristics of aerodynamic noise of the smooth airfoil and the two kinds of irregular airfoils were analyzed. Although the fans of the three airfoils are regarded as noise sources, the vortex distribution features in the unsteady flow field are also described. Noise reduction mechanisms of the irregular designs of the airfoils were also discussed. The results of this research may provide proof of the parameter optimization and the structural design of small axial flow fans with low noise.     

阶梯蜗舌蜗壳的降噪分析和实验

介绍了阶梯蜗舌技术，并将其应用于一种排油烟的离心风机运用CFD软件Fluent6．0对常规蜗舌和阶梯蜗舌蜗壳进行了二维流场的数值模拟并作了对比，从而探讨了阶梯蜗舌降噪的机理。最后分别对两种蜗壳的风机进行了噪声和其他性能参数的测量。结果：表明采用阶梯蜗舌蜗壳对于降噪是有效的。     

电子器件散热串联轴流风扇短管降噪试验

对两台电子器件散热轴流风扇采用不同方式串联时的气动噪声特性开展试验研究。首先利用风扇等高平面内环形布置的传声器阵列对单风扇和串联风扇的远场噪声进行测量,发现串联风扇相比单风扇具有更高的宽频噪声和更复杂的单音噪声特性。然后对比加装方框、蜂窝和短管中间连接件的串联风扇在不同转速下的噪声声压级指向性分布,发现短管连接件对串联风扇的单音和宽频噪声均具有良好的降噪效果,其中设计转速下单音相比方框连接的串联风扇下降1.2dB(A),宽频下降0.5dB(A)。最后,提出串联风扇的两段短管降噪方法并验证了其在多转速运行工况下的降噪效果。论文对串联电子器件散热风扇气动噪声的研究可为工程应用中的降噪措施提供参考。     

Characteristics of unsteady flow field and flow-induced noise for an axial cooling fan used in a rack mount server computer

The recent development of small and lightweight rack mount servers and computers has resulted in the decrease of the size of cooling fans. However, internal fans still need to achieve a high performance to release the heat generated from interior parts, and they should emit low noise. On the contrary, measurement data, such as flow properties and flow visualizations, cannot be obtained easily when cooling fans are small. Thus, a numerical analysis approach is necessary for the performance evaluation and noise reduction of small cooling fans. In this study, the noise of a small cooling fan used for computers or servers was measured and then compared with the aeroacoustic noise result based on a numerical analysis. Three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations were solved to predict the unsteady flow field and surface pressure fluctuation according to the blades and casing surface used. The simplified Ffowcs Williams and Hawkings equation was used to predict aeroacoustic noise by assuming that a dipole is the major cause of fan noise. Results of the aeroacoustic noise analysis agreed well with that of the experiment, and a tonal noise whose frequency was lower than the first blade passing frequency could be identified in the noise spectrum. This phenomenon is caused by the shape of the bell mouth. A coherence analysis was performed to examine the correlation between the shape of the cooling fan and the noise.

     

空调用贯流风机气动噪声预测的研究

基于N-S方程和雷诺输运应力方程(RSM),对空调用贯流风机进行了非稳态内流计算,并应用基于Lighthill声学类比理论的FW-H方程时域解法,预测了由叶轮表面压力波动和蜗舌表面压力波动所产生的远场气动噪声,同时还比较了不同蜗舌间隙对气动噪声的影响.     

Experimental and numerical study of the sweep effect on three-dimensional flow downstream of axial flow fans

The purpose of this work is to study the influence of the axial flow fan sweep on the downstream turbulent flow. The fans studied are three low-pressure and low-Mach-number axial flow fans, with respectively a radial, a forward and a backward sweep. Experimental and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) investigations are carried out on three fans, and the results are compared. The CFD method is a three-dimensional (3D) Reynolds average Navier–Stokes (RANS) numerical simulation with the Reynolds stress model (RSM) as the turbulence model. It allows us to compute the Reynolds stress tensor components. Unsteady velocity measurements are carried out downstream of the fans with hot-wire anemometry. The values of the three velocity components of the flow and the six components of the Reynolds stress tensor obtained from experiments and simulations are compared. Overall performances are also measured to validate the design and fan simulation. It appears that a forward sweep decreases the radial component of the velocity whereas a backward sweep increases this component. Moreover, the sweep has a significant influence on the turbulent kinetic energy downstream of the fan.     

进气总管轮廓优化对轴流风机噪声的影响

针对一般情况下叶轮机械的非定常气流运动,特别是风扇的气动声学,文中测定轴流风机的气动声学特性和上游环境对其影响.在对叶轮机械各种噪声来源进行分析之后,研究了抽吸速度场的扰动所带来的影响,因此分析进气总管轮廓优化前后对轴流风机入口的影响.结果表明,噪声特别是宽带噪声产生于上游气流湍流水平的提高.     

低压轴流风机噪声频谱预估及实测

对低压轴流风机的噪声频谱预估的现有模型——叶片力模型进行重大改进，包括采用风机流场三维数值模拟给出叶片升力分布及在声源Fourier展开中保留虚部项。改进后两个样机噪声频谱预估和实测值吻合良好。     

7-35通风机的气动设计及其性能

7－35通风机的气动设计采用离心通风机现代设计方法，其特点是引入三维粘性数值模拟分析离心通风机部复杂流场，考虑了其各部件的相互影响，数值预估离心通风机性能，并对现有工程设计方法作了重大改进，使其综合性能达到国际先进水平。