最小加权分割路径的古籍手写汉字多步切分方法

针对古籍古文献中部分汉字易发生粘连现象,提出一种古籍手写汉字多步分割方法.该方法继承了以往粗分割和细分割相结合的思想,首先采用投影进行粗分割,将手写汉字分为粘连字符和非粘连字符两类;然后针对粘连字符串抛弃常用的串行模式,直接采用粗分割的统计信息,设置初始分割路径,并基于最短分割路径的思想,在初始分割路径的局部邻域内基于最小权值搜索并修改分割路径,从而获得最佳的加权分割路径.实验证明该方法解决了字符分割不足和多处粘连字符的分割问题,有效的提高了分割的准确率,且算法的时间复杂度较低,算法效率较高.     

基于模糊距离变换的岩心图像颗粒分割算法

岩心CT图像中相邻颗粒之间存在相互粘连,粒度参数分析等需要对粘连颗粒进行分割。结合岩心粘连颗粒的特性,提出一种基于模糊距离变换的改进颗粒分割算法。首先,对预处理后的岩心图像进行模糊距离变换并提取出距离信息的灰度图像,然后利用形态学膨胀重构方法提取标记作为后续分水岭算法的种子点,根据种子点采用一种基于测地重建的改进分水岭算法得到相邻种子点之间的分割线,最后完成粘连颗粒的分割。实验结果表明本文算法可以提高粘连颗粒分割的准确度并减轻分水岭算法的过分割现象。     

基于流域算法的粘连颗粒图像分割

在分割颗粒图像中,经常会有颗粒重叠粘连,这给图像的后续分析处理带来了很大的麻烦。针对这一问题,提出了一种有效的基于流域分割算法的颗粒图像分析方法。该算法提出一种新的种子点选取方法,使得种子区域最大化,然后以种子区域为核心通过流域膨胀变换重建原图,当图像中所有像素点都重建完时,粘连颗粒图像的分割就完成了。文中主要叙述了算法的设计思想及实现,并给出了实验结果。实验表明该算法能有效改善因多种子点而引起的过分割现象,对形状不规则的颗粒也同样适用,能取得比较满意的分割效果。     

基于组合的尿沉渣粘连细胞分割算法的研究与实现

在尿沉渣图像中经常会出现细胞重叠和粘连的现象。将粘连的细胞分离是尿沉渣自动检测系统中一项重要而困难的任务。针对这一情况,提出一种基于组合思想的分割算法。该算法首先利用改进的自适应阈值分割算法结合形态学处理对细胞进行定位得到子图像,然后再利用基于距离变换的分水岭算法对子图像进行粘连细胞分离。实验结果证明,该算法能准确、稳定地分割尿沉渣粘连细胞。同时,该算法明显地提高了尿沉渣自动检测系统的性能。     

基于流域算法的粘连颗粒图像分割

在分割颗粒图像中,经常会有颗粒重叠粘连,这给图像的后续分析处理带来了很大的麻烦。针对这一问题,提出了一种有效的基于流域分割算法的颗粒图像分析方法。该算法提出一种新的种子点选取方法,使得种子区域最大化,然后以种子区域为核心通过流域膨胀变换重建原图,当图像中所有像素点都重建完时,粘连颗粒图像的分割就完成了。文中主要叙述了算法的设计思想及实现,并给出了实验结果。实验表明该算法能有效改善因多种子点而引起的过分割现象,对形状不规则的颗粒也同样适用,能取得比较满意的分割效果。     

基于改进的免疫模糊聚类方法的医学图像分割

传统模糊C-均值聚类算法需要输入初始聚类中心,但是输入错误的初始聚类中心会产生较差的图像分割结果。对此提出一种改进的医学图像分割算法——基于免疫模糊聚类的医学图像分割。该算法能够快速有效地找出合适的初始聚类中心值,使之最大可能地趋近于理想值,从而大大提高算法的效率,避免陷入局部解。同时,将免疫克隆选择算法融入到模糊聚类算法中。实验结果表明,该算法能快速有效地找到合适的初始聚类中心,能有效提高搜索效率和准确率,得到较理想的分割效果。     

基于分水岭变换的目标图像的分割与计数方法

针对在图像分析中所获得的目标物体相互粘连的情况,利用分水岭变换的模拟浸水原理,提出了一种新的、有效的分水岭分割算法。算法只需考虑图片中像素的4连通和集水盆地的边缘情况即可,使得粘连物体得到了有效的切割和分离。统计各个所得盆地即可以得到实际物体的准确个数。该分割方法成功有效地解决了目标物体粘连而造成的不便和对后续处理的干扰等问题,同时把该算法用于对粘连物体的计数方面,使本来繁琐、复杂的图像物体计数变得十分简单、便捷。是一种切实可行的图像分割与计数方法。     

一种有效的手写汉字多步分割方法

在字符识别系统中,字符的有效分割是识别的关键。针对手写汉字字间距及字内距无规则可循,字符间极易发生粘连、交错等现象,提出一种多步分割方法。该方法首先利用Viterbi算法将原字符串切分成互不连通的分割块,使非粘连汉字、交错汉字得到正确分割;对于其中宽度较大存在粘连字符的分割块,从候选分割点入手,用非线性分割路径将粘连部分分开;最后再应用A*算法找到全局最佳分割位置,使过分割的字符得到完整合并。实验结果表明,该方法对于手写汉字的分割是可行、有效的。     

基于模糊距离变换的颗粒图像分割方法

在颗粒图像中,经常存在颗粒重叠或者粘连现象。本文提出了一种新的图像分割方法。该方法首先对颗粒图像进行二值化,然后对图像作模糊距离变换得到模糊距离图,再利用分水岭算法将粘连或者部分重叠颗粒分离。实验证明,此法能够将粘连颗粒物图像有效分离。     

粘连颗粒分割方法研究

颗粒图像的分割中,经常遇到颗粒粘连、重叠在一起的现象,需要将它们分离为单个颗粒目标。本文提出了一种基于灰度形态学重建的图像分割新算法,实验结果表明,该算法既能更有效地分割粘连颗粒,其应用于图像处理也有着较好的应用前景。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。