基于HJ-1B卫星的作物秸秆提取及其焚烧火点判定模式

作物秸秆焚烧产生的气体和颗粒物严重污染大气环境,威胁人类健康,给交通带安全带来隐患,利用遥感技术优势监管秸秆焚烧火点具有重要的现实意义.文中基于HJ-1B卫星CCD多光谱遥感数据和IRS热红外遥感数据,以中国江苏中东部为研究区,开展作物秸秆提取及其焚烧火点判定的一体化研究.根据秸秆的光谱特征研究建立了秸秆乘积指数(SMI),结合其纹理信息可从HJ-1BCCD遥感图像上快速有效的提取出秸秆分布,继之结合修正后的火点探测算法可对HJ-1BIRS遥感数据进行火点提取.在秸秆分布和火点探测结果矢量化的基础上,通过GIS技术进行火点叠置分析,可有效地判定作物秸秆火点分布,同时结合实地调研及与MODIS火点产品比对分析验证评价了本研究方法的可行性和有效性.     

用户终端森林火情卫星遥感监测信息系统

“用户终端森林火情卫星遥感监测信息系统”是为用户建立的服务界面。依托于计算机网络通讯，用微机把一幅卫星遥感森林火情监测信息图展示在用户面前，彻底改变了以前只能用电话传输火情的信息方法，使用户能快速，高效和全面了解火点信息，为防火指挥机构及时掌握动态和指挥补救火灾提供可靠依据。     

秸秆焚烧火点遥感监测算法实现

为了获取华中区域的秸秆焚烧火点空间分布信息,实现对该区域秸秆焚烧的有效管控,以2014年MODIS L1B遥感数据为主要数据源,结合土地利用类型数据,以华中的农田为研究区域,基于增强型上下文火点遥感影像识别方法,充分利用定量遥感的理论知识及地理空间数据抽象库(GDAL)等技术手段,实现了华中区域秸秆焚烧火点的识别。利用中华人民共和国环境保护部发布的全国秸秆焚烧火点日报和MODIS标准火点产品(MYD14)进行空间和定量上的对比分析。研究结果表明,该算法能够有效地进行研究区域的秸秆焚烧火点遥感监测,并且可以依据研究区域的特点进行参数的实时调整,提高了秸秆焚烧火点提取的自动化和工作效率。     

福建省三维基础地理信息系统投入使用

福建省测绘局认真贯彻国家测绘局“大力促进测绘成果社会化应用”的指示精神，投入100多万元，引进并消化掌握三维影像处理及可视化等新技术，综合运用了计算机技术、地理信息系统技术、三维可视化技术，集成福建省范围内多种分辨率卫星遥感影像、数字高程模型以及铁路、公路、境界、地名等基础地理空间数据，建立了基于真实地理环境的山脉、河流、道路、城市等三维景观，实现了对福建省地理目标的三维浏览、快速定位和信息查询。     

论虚拟现实技术的应用与发展

虚拟现实技术是当前研究热点之一。把它与GIS(地理信息系统)相结合是我所参加的一个项目中提出的新课题。该项目采用卫星遥感照片，叠加高度信息，再添加台风等三维模型，构成一个虚拟现实系统，用户可以在其中实时地进行三维浏览，同时还可以根据地理信息进行查询等等操作，给用户以真实的全新体验。由于采用真实的卫星照片进行三维建模，因此系统的真实感极强，给人以身临其境的感觉。但也带来了数据量过大的问题，我们采用了虚拟内存文件的方式给予了较好的解决，采用海量存储器一大容量硬盘来存储地图信息，而内存中只有当前处理用到的数据，缓冲机制由Win2000自动完成。因此，可以预见在将来，虚拟现实技术将会与GIS技术相结合，提供给人们更真实的感受。     

滇池蓝藻水华监测预警空间信息系统设计与实现

针对昆明滇池蓝藻水华污染问题,以满足有关环境保护管理部门对滇池蓝藻水华的监测、治理及环境保护需求为前提,设计开发了滇池蓝藻水华监测预警空间信息系统。介绍了系统设计思路、系统体系结构和系统功能,并依托计算机软硬件环境与网络通信平台,基于基础地理数据、卫星遥感数据、地基遥感数据、气象水文数据和蓝藻水华专题数据,利用GIS、遥感监测、物联网、计算机网络等技术实现了系统开发,提供蓝藻水华数据地图浏览、综合查询、空间分析、遥感监测、视频监控、应急处置、报告输出等功能,辅助管理人员开展蓝藻水华监测预警工作。     

地理信息基础图层维护软件系统的设计与实现

GIS的应用已遍布于社会的各个领域，任何一个GIS应用系统都离不开基础图层，随着我国基础建设的日新月异，地理信息基础图层的及时维护便成了一个急待解决的问题，本文阐述了地理信息基础图层维护软件系统的需求，设计思想，系统功能和实现方法。     

基于GIS的森林防火信息管理系统设计与实现

分析了计算机技术、地理信息系统 (GIS)技术在森林防火中的重要性 ,针对森林防火管理的特点 ,设计和开发出基于 GIS的森林防火信息管理系统 ,该系统可实现火点智能定位 ,火场信息查询、扑火信息查询、辅助决策指挥和火灾评估档案的查询、统计和分析等功能 ,促进了森林防火信息化管理。     

风云三号微波湿度计遥感图像地理定位方法

风云三号（FY-3）微波湿度计采用45°天线绕轴旋转形成垂直于卫星飞行轨迹的360°连续变速圆周扫描方式。依据这种扫描几何,给出了适用于风云三号微波湿度计遥感图像地理定位的方法,定义了完善的坐标系及坐标系转换关系,根据微波湿度计观测几何、卫星空间位置和姿态、仪器空间位置和指向建立了天线观测矢量与地面位置之间关系的模型。风云三号微波湿度计遥感图像地理定位方法在风云三号地面应用系统业务运行中,对微波湿度计遥感图像地理定位精度达到了像元级。     

油田地理信息系统的基本框架及其实现

油田地理信息系统OFGIS管理海量空间数据和各种类型的属性数据。地面信息涵盖一般空间信息的几乎所有类型，地下信息动态变化快速。OFGIS管理的专业信息子系统包括石油勘探子系统、石油开发工程子系统、石油化工子系统、石油储运子系统、石油销售子系统等。OFGIS包括油田基础信息层、油田专题信息层、油田综合和决策服务层三个基本层。OFGIS的功能包括空间数据库的管理、地理信息管理、空间信息加工处理及空间信息应用等。遥感信息的自动提取、遥感与GIS及全球导航卫星系统的数据融合、无缝GIS、WebGIS、3DGIS以及地表信息与地下信息的统一管理将成为油田GIS发展的热点。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。