快淬速度对Nd10Fe81Co3B6薄带微结构及磁性能的影响

研究了快淬速度对熔体快淬法制备Nd10Fe81Co3B6薄带微结构及磁性能的影响。结果表明,随着快淬速度的增加,薄带中非晶相含量增加。快淬薄带在800 ℃晶化处理10 min后,15 m/s淬速的薄带基本由粒径大于50 nm的Nd2(Fe,Co)14B与粒径小于25 nm的Fe7Co3相组成,两相交换耦合作用较弱,而50 m/s淬速的薄带中仍含有大量的非晶相,使得薄带的剩磁减小,但矫顽力没有明显降低;35 m/s淬速的薄带退火后晶化完好,两相交换耦合作用最好,矫顽力达到249 928 A/m,剩磁达到84.3 A·m2/kg。不同快淬速度薄带中主相Nd2(Fe,Co)14B的居里温度基本相同,约为630 K。     

熔体快淬纳来晶Nd－Fe－B基永磁合金

综述了熔体快淬纳米晶Ｎｄ－Ｆｅ－Ｂ基永磁合全的研究发展概况，包括具有高剩磁效应的合金类型、制备工艺、微结构和磁性特点。分析了纳米晶永磁合金发展及应用前景。     

激光晶化法制备纳米双相Nd2Fe14B/Fe3B永磁体显微组织的研究

尝试用激光晶化法制备纳米双相Nd2Fe14B／Fe3B永磁体。Nd45Fe77B185快淬非晶薄带经过扫描速度为100-480mm/min激光扫描后，薄滞的非晶组织发生了晶化，Nd2Fe14B相的平均晶粒尺寸44nm,Fe3B相的平均晶粒尺寸40nm。     

快淬态纳米晶Fe—Cu—Ta—Si—B软磁金属薄带的制备

Fe-Cu-Ta-Si-B纳米晶金属薄带可以通过快淬技术直接制备,而无需退火过程。对比Fe-Cu-Ta-Si-B快淬纳米晶薄带,发现相同Cu含量下,α-Fe（Si）更易在Fe-Cu—Nb-Si—B快淬态薄带中析出。在快淬态Fe-Cu-Ta-Si-B金属薄带中,适当高的Cu含量有利于α—Fe（Si）的成核;但过高的Cu含量反而弱化了纳米晶化,这是由于团簇效应粗化了Cu颗粒的尺寸,却减少了α—Fe（Si）的有效成核位置。     

快淬Fe3B／Nd2Fe14B永磁材料晶化行为及磁性能的研究

利用熔体快淬和晶化处理的方法制备了快淬Fe3B／Nd2Fe14B永磁材料。采用XRD，DTA，VSM等方法对合金的晶化行为和磁性能进行研究。结果表明：对于Fe3B／Nd2Fe14B熔体快淬永磁粉末，升温速率对各相的析出和分解温度有一定的影响。完全过淬的Nd4.5Fe77B18.5和Nd4Fe77Cr0.5B18.5合金熔体快淬粉在进行973K，7min晶化处理过程中，首先形成Nd2Fe23B3相，然后Nd2Fe23B3相发生分解，其产物为Fe3B／Nd2Fe14B，此后再没有发生其它的相转变。当晶化温度大于953K，保温10min后，样品的剩磁、矫顽力和最大磁能积明显提高。微量元素Cr的添加对相转变温度有影响，同时可以细化晶粒，提高矫顽力，从而改善材料的永磁性能。     

Nd—Dy—Fe—Co—B快淬非晶合金的晶化动力学

用差热分析（DTA）,结合X射线衍射（XRD）研究了Nd-Dy-Fe-Co-B非晶合金的晶化动力学。结果表明,温度低于800℃不同升温速率的升温过程中,合金Nd7.5Dy1.5Fe70Co16B5中先后出现三个晶化相：软磁相α-Fe相、亚稳相Nd2Fe23B3和硬磁相Nd2Fe14B。三个晶化相的晶化激活能随晶化份数的增加而降低。α－F的表面激活能为98.09kJ/mol,Nd2Fe23B3和Nd2Fe14B的分别为131．79kJ/mol和129．20kJ/mol.Nd2Fe14B和α－Fe相的晶化行为表明Nd7 .5Dy1.5Fe70Co16B5合金退火时容易形成晶粒粗大的Nd2Fe14B/α-Fe微结构的原因,是Nd2Fe14B和α-Fe相都容易长大造成的。     

快速加热过程中Nd8Fe86B6合金非晶带的晶化及磁性能

利用高频感应加热的快速晶化方法,对Nd8Fe86B6非晶带进行了晶化退火处理.采用X射线衍射和TEM对原淬态和晶化后的薄带进行了微观组织的分析,用VSM对淬态和快速晶化后薄带的磁学性能进行了测量.观察了在不同晶化条件下Nd8Fe86B6非晶的结构变化以及对其磁性的影响.试验结果表明,快速加热可使非晶带迅速晶化.加热速度和加热时间显著地影响薄带的组织及磁性能.随着加热速度的提高,α-Fe与Nd2Fe14B两相的析出越趋于接近,但过高的加热速度亦使α-Fe过快长大.在快速晶化过程中,α-Fe的长大速度仍大于Nd2Fe14B,因此过长的加热时间将使得α-Fe过度长大.因此,一个较理想的磁学性能都应有一个适合的加热条件相配合.     

添加Co对快淬Nd—Dy—Fe—Nb—B磁体的磁性能和高温稳定性的影响

采用熔体快淬结合静态晶化法，制备出高性能、低温度系数双相纳米晶复合永磁材料（NdDy）11.5Fe81.4Nb1B6.1及（NdDy）11.5Fe76.4Nb1Co5B6.1，并着重研究了Co的添加对复合添加Dy，Nb磁体的磁性能、微观结构以及高温稳定性的影响。结果表明：随着Co含量的增加，内禀矫顽力先减小后增大，剩磁则先增加后减小，合金晶粒逐步细化；Co的添加并没有降低磁体的磁通不可逆损失，当Co含量大于5％（原子分数，下同）时，磁通不可逆损失大幅度提高。     

快淬速度对纳米晶复合Nd8.5Fe77.7Nb2Co5Ga0.6B6.2粘结永磁体温度系数的影响

采用熔体快淬法及真空退火工艺制备了不同淬速的Nd8.5Fe77.7Nb2Co5Ga0.6B6.2粘结磁体,研究了不同淬速下磁体的磁性能及温度系数。结果表明,适当的快淬速度有利于合金退火后的晶粒细化,有效地改善了退火后软、硬磁相间的交换耦合作用。快淬速度对磁体的温度系数有显著的影响,矫顽力温度系数β随着淬速的增加而逐渐降低;随着淬速的增加,剩磁温度系数α先降低后升高,这可能与合金中软、硬磁相间的交换耦合作用的变化有密切的关系。     

ANISOTROPY IN Nd_(12)Fe_(77)Co_5B_6 MELT SPUN FLAKES

１．ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＯｎｅｏｆｔｈｅｍｅｔｈｏｄｓｔｏｉｍｐｒｏｖｅｔｈｅｐｅｒｆｏｒｍａｎｃｅｏｆｂｏｎｄｅｄＮｄＦｅＢｍａｇｎｅｔｓｉｓｔｏｆａｂｒｉｃａｔｅｐｏｗｄｅｒｓｗｉｔｈｈｉｇｈａｎｉｓｏｔｒｏｐｙ〔１〕．ＴｈｅｅｎｅｒｇｙｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｓｏｆＮｄＦｅＢｂｏｎｄｅｄｍａｇｎｅｔｓｍａｄｅｆｒｏｍｉｓｏｔｒｏｐｉｃｍｅｌｔｓｐｕｎｐｏｗｄｅｒｓａｒｅ９～１０ＭＧＯｅ〔２３〕．Ｉｔｉｓｌｏｗｅｒｔｈａｎｔｈａｔｏｆｔｈｅｍａｇｎｅｔｓｍａｄｅｆｒｏｍａｎｉｓｏｔｒｏｐｉｃ…     

TRANSFORMATION OF Nd_(14)Fe_(73)Co_6B_7 ALLOY UNDER HYDROGEN TREATMENT

The phase constitution and variation of Nd_(14)Fe_(73)Co_6B_7 alloy after hydriding and subsequentdehydriding treatment at 770℃ have been investigated respectively by means of X-raydiffraction,SEM,TEM and magnetic measurement techniques.The original coarse,as castgrain structure,is dissolved into α-Fe,Nd hydride and Fe_2B mixture with average dimensionof 0.1 μm,during hydriding process,and subsequently the triphase mixture recombined intofinely unique Nd_2Fe_(14)B phase with dimension of 0.3 μm by desorbing the hydrogen.It wasfound that the Nd-rich phase distributed at the boundary of as-cast grain structure diffusedinto matrix Nd_2Fe_(14)B grain during hydriding.It remains during dehydriding and distributehomogeneously around some colonies composed of fine grains of Nd_2Fe_(14)B.     

氢作用下Nd14Fe73Co6B7的相转变

利用X射线衍射、透射电子显微镜、扫描电镜及磁测量技术观察和分析了Nd_(14)Fe_(73)Co_6B_7合金于770℃吸氢后相结构组成与变化发现铸锭中的Nd_2Fe_(14)B基体吸氢后分解成约为0.1μm的NdH_2,α-Fe和Fe_2B三相混合物,脱氢后重新结合的Nd_2Fe_(14)B相尺寸约为0.3μm;铸锭中分布在基体相周围的富Nd边界相在吸氢时扩散入Nd_2Fe_(14)B基体,在脱氢过程中保留下来,均匀地分布在由若干Nd_2Fe_(14)B细小晶粒组成的晶粒团周围     

Temperature Dependence of the Magnetocrystalline Anisotropy in Nd_2Co_(14)B Compound

Easy and hard magnetization curves of Nd_2Co_(14)B compound have been measured withextracting-sample-magnetometer(μ_0H_(max)=6T)at 10～300 K.Magnetic anisotropy constants K_1 and K_2have been determined by fitting the hard magnetization curves,in which only K_1 ,K_2 and misalignment anglehave been taken as fitting parameters.The values of K_1 and K_2 at 4.2 K were derived by extrapolation.Anisotropy coefficients,x_2~° and x_4~°were derived from the anisotropy constants.The anisotropy constant K_2increases rapidly with increasing temperature when TT_(sr).The temperature depen-dence of the magnetic anisotropy coefficient x_2~° was fitted with the formula.The anisotropy coefficients x_2~°can be well described by the tenth-power law from 4.2 K to T_(sr)and by the sixth-power law from T_(sr_ to 300 K.     

MAGNETIC DOMAIN STRUCTURE AND RELATED MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF(NdPr)_(16)Fe_(76)B_8 PERMANENT MAGNET

The magnetic domain structure and related magnetic properties of (NdPr)_(16)Fe_(76)B_8 permanentmagnet have been studied by colloid-SEM method.In thermally demagnetized state,the ma-trix grains in the magnet generally exhibit multidomain structure,i.e.,180° plate-like indi-vidual domain and a few spike-like or maze-like domains.The average width of the domainmeasured was 1.5μm.Grain size of single-domain was observed to be generally about 1μmand only a few up to 3μm.The results calculated are:the domain wall energy γ=36MJ/m~2,the exchange constant A=4.5×10~(-11)J/m,the domain wall width δ=15.7nm,and the critical grain diameter of single-domain D_c=0.5μm.The dependence of high magnet-ic field gradient at grain boundaries in different magnetization directions in the adjacent mag-netic domains located on both sides of grain boundaries and the effect of microstructure on thevalues of K,A and δ were discussed.     

(NdPr)_(16)Fe_(76)B_8永磁体的磁畴结构和有关的磁性能

在热退磁状态,这种永磁体的基体晶粒一般为多畴结构,单个畴为180°片状畴,也有少量钉形畴和迷宫畴。测得平均畴宽为1.5μm。还观察到一些直径1μm左右的单畴晶粒和极个别直径3μm左右的单畴晶粒,计算出畴壁能γ=36mJ/m~2,交换常数A=4.5×10~(-11)J/m,畴壁厚度δ=15.7nm,临界单畴晶粒直径D_c=0.5μm。还讨论了晶界附近存在高磁场梯度与晶界两侧相邻磁畴内磁化方向的关系和微观组织对K,A和δ值的影响。     

MOSSBAUER EFFECT STUDY OF Nd_(15)(Fe_1-xCox)_(77)B_8

<正> Nd_(15)Fe_(77)B_8是新型优异永磁材料,它的弱点是Curie点Tc太低,仅约310℃,因而永磁性的温度系数较大。掺Co可提高Tc,是改善材料磁性温度稳定性的一个途径。     

非晶Nd6Fe81B13合金的晶化和磁性

本文研究了非晶Nd_6Fe_(81)B_(13)合金的磁性和晶化及其对样品结构和磁性的影响。讨论了非晶样品的低温磁性和Nd对昌化温度和Curie温度的影响。在873K退火的样品中得到一个新相。     

CRYSTALLIZATION AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF AMORPHOUS Nd_6Fe_(81)B_(13)ALLOY

The magnetic properties and the crystallization and its influence on the magnetic and struc-tural properties for rapidly quenched amorphous Nd_6Fe_(81)B-(13) alloy have been studied.The lowtemperature magnetic properties,the Curie temperature and the crystallization behavior arediscussed.A small addition(6at.-%)of Nd in amorphous Fe-B alloys increases largely thecrystallization temperature T_x but causes a decrease of the Curie temperature Tc·A newphase was observed in the sample annealed at 873 K.     

Nd_(8.5)Fe_(77.6)B_(6.4)Co_4Zr_3Cu_(0.5)纳米复合永磁材料研究

研究了Nd8.5Fe77.6B6.4Co4Zr3Cu0.5合金晶化处理后的微观结构.研究发现,该合金15 m/s淬态薄带只存在一个较宽的晶化峰,其晶化后的晶粒尺寸均匀性较差,晶化相中存在少量Fe77.2Nd22.8相,削弱了晶粒间的交换耦合作用.三维原子探针分析表明,Cu几乎不固溶于α-Fe,和Zr元素共同富集于Fe77.2Nd22.8相区.这些相的存在,使得合金的剩余磁化强度和磁滞回线的方形度降低,进而降低了合金的综合磁性能.