重点建设项目社会稳定风险评估与管理模式研究

重点建设项目社会稳定风险评估与管理的相关研究日益成为工程建设领域和社会学领域的研究热点之一,但是,目前缺乏面向项目参与各方有效协同的管理组织模式研究.本文根据重点建设项目社会稳定风险的特点,从对象维、时间维和过程维三个维度对重点建设项目社会稳定风险进行分析和评估,设计了评估管理工作的组织架构,明确了各参与单位的组织界面和职责分工,建立和完善了重点建设项目社会稳定风险分析和评估工作流程,为有效地从源头预防、减少和防范化解建设项目的社会稳定风险提供指导.     

基于和谐管理理论的工程项目风险分析与效益分配研究

工程项目风险管理中各方都在尽可能减少或者转移自身的风险，使自身的风险最小化，而自身的收益最大化，从而造成建设各方的冲突，以至于影响整个工程的实施。本文利用和谐管理理论从“风险分担，效益共享”的原则出发，综合考虑了建设各方承担的风险和收获的效益，并建立相应的数学模型。     

浅谈工程风险

阐述了工程风险的概念，从工程风险的特点和成因两个方面进行探讨，并分析了参与工程建设各方可能面临的风险，指出应加强工程风险管理，以提高企业效益。     

市政工程总承包方风险识别与应对措施

PPP作为一项新型融资模式,在鼓励社会资本参与基础设施建设以及缓解政府投资压力等方面发挥着重要作用.然而,在该模式下的市政工程项目中,整体投资数额大、投资周期长、涉及主体多、杠杆融资比例大,因此如何有效平衡各方的参与风险,尤其是总承包方的风险识别和应对,就成为了关系项目顺利实施的关键.     

建筑施工企业的常见风险及预防措施研究

工程建设项目建设周期长,投资数额大,在建设过程中不可预见的影响因素多,工程建设参与的各方包括业主、承包商、材料设备供货商不可避免的会面临各种风险。本文结合我国目前建筑企业常见的风险类型,就如何防范风险进行了阐述。     

聚力打造灾害综合风险普查“岚山模式”

山东省是自然灾害较为严重的省份之一,水旱、气象、地震、海洋等自然灾害多发频发,如2018年“温比亚”台风、2019年“利奇马”台风均对我省造成了严重影响。随着经济社会发展和城市化水平提高,各类自然灾害引发的次生衍生灾害增多,防范灾害风险的任务日益繁重,因而做好灾害综合风险普查非常必要、十分紧迫。国务院普查办选择在山东省日照市岚山区开展全国普查先行试点“大会战”,是对山东省的信任,也是压力挑战,责任重大、任务光荣。在国务院普查办及国家有关部委的大力支持和精心指导下,省市区三级全力克服疫情、汛情等不利影响,上下同心,主动作为,攻坚克难,强力推进,及时全面完成了岚山试点“大会战”25类92项普查任务,汇交了普查成果,探索形成了“党委政府领导、普查办统筹协调、部门协同配合、上下协调联动、各方共同参与”的普查组织保障模式,“一个方案抓总,五项机制推动”的普查组织实施模式和“行业部门+高校科研院所+社会专业机构”的技术保障模式,探索形成了普查工作“岚山模式”,为全面普查探索了路子、提供了借鉴(图1)。     

新西兰的韧性城市发展策略研究

作为一个南太平洋岛国,新西兰特殊的地理位置和自然条件导致其面临着世界上最严重的自然灾害风险,面对频发的自然灾害及潜在的人为灾害等威胁,新西兰逐步形成了完善的应急管理制度。尤其是在2002年出台的《民防应急管理法》,新西兰提出了建设“韧性新西兰”的应急管理目标,强调国家与地方制度组织的协调与整合,重视公众参与等社会资本的有效利用,“制度韧性”和“社会韧性”明显提升。本文从国家和城市两个层面对新西兰采取的法案、制度,以及研究报告所提出的建设韧性城市的管理纲领、管理目标、协同管理、公众参与等措施进行分析探讨和归纳总结,以期为我国韧性城市的建设提供参考借鉴。     

PPP模式及其在基础设施建设中的应用

PPP模式是基础设施建设与运营的新型模式,是通过政府与私营部门的合作共同发展基础设施,实现参与各方的利益,同时共同承担责任和融资风险的一种模式,其在中国的应用得到了普遍的关注。本文介绍了PPP模式的内涵及特点,分析其应用形式,最后探讨在我国基础设施建设中如何有效地利用PPP模式。     

工程项目施工阶段成本风险传导机理研究

建设行业是一个传统的行业，在我国已有了长足的发展。但是成本管理中普遍存在非常严重的“三超”问题，其中施工阶段的成本超支问题最为严重，成本风险也最复杂。因此，研究工程项目施工阶段成本风险具有较大的价值和意义。从风险传导这个新的角度，论述了成本风险传导过程中的关键要素，并基于一个失败案例进行了详细分析，提出相应的风险控制措施。此项研究有助于项目管理者认识成本风险的运动规律，并基于风险运动规律进行风险防范控制。     

PPP模式及其在基础设施建设中的应用

PPP模式是基础设施建设与运营的新型模式,是通过政府与私营部门的合作共同发展基础设施,实现参与各方的利益,同时共同承担责任和融资风险的一种模式,其在中国的应用得到了普遍的关注.本文介绍了PPP模式的内涵及特点,分析其应用形式,最后探讨在我国基础设施建设中如何有效地利用PPP模式.     

工程项目交易方式研究综述

工程项目是国家实现固定资产投资的载体,也是实现产品结构和产业结构调整的重要途径,而工程项目交易方式对工程项目目标的实现有着重要意义。文章从工程项目交易方式对项目绩效的影响、工程项目交易方式选择的影响因素及工程项目交易方式选择方法3个方面,对工程项目交易方式国内外的研究现状进行了归纳和分析,为工程项目交易方式的进一步研究提供借鉴与指导。     

Service delivery comparisons on household connections in Taiwan's sewer public–private-partnership (PPP) projects

With the aim of raising wastewater treatment rate more efficiently than before, the Taiwan government introduced the concept of public–private partnerships (PPP) to develop sewer projects. A sewer project typically involves three components: household connections, collection systems, and the wastewater treatment plant. The household connection is the last-mile of the whole sewer system. Two sewer PPP projects were selected for service delivery comparisons in this paper. While both projects have their similarities and differences, the most significant distinction is that in Case A the responsibility of the household connections resides with the concessionaire, whereas in Case B this is the government's responsibility. To the government, Case A simplifies the interfaces in a PPP project, and subsequently increases the overall wastewater treatment rate as expected, and is one of the ultimate goals for the Taiwan government. Nevertheless, from the investors' perspectives, close to 50% of the anticipated income which was the wastewater volume based in Case A, would be the major factor in financial risk considerations.     

Risk perceptions and approaches in multi-organizations: A research review 2000–2012

Shared risks and opportunities set specific premises for risk management (RM) in temporary multi-organizations (TMOs). However, most project RM research is presented from the perspective of a single-organizational project delivery team or covers limited risk perceptions and RM approaches. This paper aims to address how well the body of knowledge on multi-organizational RM corresponds to a state-of-art understanding on project RM and to identify which gaps need to be addressed in future research. The review involves: 1) the preferred view of risk as threat and/or opportunity, 2) the nature of addressed risks as anticipated or unanticipated risks or unrealistic assumptions, 3) the role of the multi-organization as the source of risks and/or resources for risk management (RM), and 4) the allocation of risk responsibilities. The review covers research papers published between 2000 and 2012 in four journals: International Journal of Project Management (IJPM), Project Management Journal (PMJ), Journal of Construction Engineering and Management (JCEM), and IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering (TSE). 105 eligible research papers were identified. The results and conclusion outline the identified main gaps in multi-organizational RM research compared to the state-of-art RM research and TMO-specific characteristics. The results can be used to inform research agendas on more holistic and dynamic multi-organizational RM concepts.     

工程承包的风险管理综述

工程风险管理已是现代项目管理的重要组成部分 ,本文介绍和分析了工程承包风险管理的程序以及风险管理在我国工程承包界的运用和研究状况 ,希望能为工程风险管理在我国企业界的广泛运用提供一点有用的启示。     

污水产业BOT项目风险综合评估

文章从污水处理BOT项目的风险因素入手,构建了项目风险模型,并应用专家调查法形成风险模型判断矩阵,通过AHP法进行求解,得到BOT项目各层风险因素的风险权重值,以及各风险因素占项目总风险的权重,为污水处理BOT项目的决策提供依据。     

Understanding internally generated risks in projects

This paper identifies a class of risk that is common, important and yet poorly managed in projects. Internally generated risks arise within a project management team or its host organisation, from their management systems, culture and decisions. Even when a project applies recognised risk management processes, and seems to be managing its risks well, research demonstrates that internally generated risks are a different matter altogether. This calls into question how such risks can be managed, and whether current risk management practices need to be changed.     

Comparative analysis between integrated project delivery and lean project delivery

Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) and Lean Project Delivery (LPD) are innovative approaches that are capturing the attention of the construction industry. However, there is a confusion about the definitions of these approaches and how they integrate a project delivery process. This confusion negatively affects the learning process, which could create a barrier to advancing them. Based on a structured literature review and two case illustrations, this study aims to clarify the similarities and differences between IPD and LPD. This paper presents a comparative analysis of these approaches through a structured analysis of the project organizations, contractual relationships, and operational systems. The results showed that the operational system is perhaps the most relevant difference between these approaches for their definition as a project delivery system. The core of both approaches is to encourage the use of integrated project organizations, relational contracting, and integrated process as mechanisms to integrate a project delivery system.     

Towards a better modelling and assessment of construction risk: Insights from a literature review

This paper reviews the literature of construction risk modelling and assessment. It also reviews the real practice of risk assessment. The review resulted in significant results, summarised as follows. There has been a major shift in risk perception from an estimation variance into a project attribute. Although the Probability–Impact risk model is prevailing, substantial efforts are being put to improving it reflecting the increasing complexity of construction projects. The literature lacks a comprehensive assessment approach capable of capturing risk impact on different project objectives. Obtaining a realistic project risk level demands an effective mechanism for aggregating individual risk assessments. The various assessment tools suffer from low take-up; professionals typically rely on their experience. It is concluded that a simple analytical tool that uses risk cost as a common scale and utilises professional experience could be a viable option to facilitate closing the gap between theory and practice of risk assessment.     

IPD 模式下的工程项目风险控制及其社会网络分析

IPD 模式是一种以信任、协作与集成为思想基础的先进的项目交付模式,其为建设工程项目进行过程中由于各参与方间存在敌对关系而导致的项目风险控制效率较低的问题提供了新的解决思路。提出IPD 模式下的组织体系、操作系统及合同环境是实现有效风险控制的基础、保障与重要条件,厘清了IPD 模式下工程项目风险控制的原理。在理论分析的基础上,利用社会网络分析方法对IPD 模式风险控制系统中的组织体系进行深入研究,结果证明IPD 模式下的组织体系在项目风险控制方面具有显著优势。因此,工程项目参与方应增加彼此间的沟通与交流以进一步提高项目参与者间的信任程度,为工程项目实现高效风险控制提供牢固的组织关系基础。     

工程项目协同交付模式选择研究

工程项目建设环境的日益复杂和项目本身复杂程度的增加,要求充分发挥各利益相关方之间的协同作用以提升项目的绩效。这就要求在选择工程项目交付模式时,考虑各方的观点以确定合适的交付模式。通过考虑工程项目中各利益相关方的不同偏好及立场,在确定了要研究的交付模式,运用社会网络分析法对项目交付过程中各利益相关方组成的网络关系进行了分析并确定了各利益相关方权重。通过文献归纳,确立了各利益相关方对项目交付模式进行选择时所考虑因素集合。并运用多参与方多因素分析的方法选择协同环境下的项目交付模式。各参与方对交付模式的选择结果表明不同参与方对各交付模式的偏好程度不同,虽然 IPD 是大多数参与方的最优选择,但综合各种因素,对于一些参与方而言,IPD 并非其最优选择。