离子交换树脂固定化果胶酶的研究

用7种树脂对果胶酶进行固定化,选出D152大孔弱酸性阳离子交换树脂为载体,通过先吸附后交联的方法固定果胶酶。优化的固定化条件是:加酶量为每克湿树脂加1%果胶酶2.5mL,吸附pH为4.6,吸附温度30℃,吸附时间10h,交联剂戊二醛体积分数为1%,交联时间6h,交联温度4℃。     

果胶酶在壳聚糖上的固定化研究

本文以壳聚糖为载体，以戊二醛为交联剂，研究了果胶酶的固定化，分析了戊二醛浓度、给酶量、温度对酶固定化的影响。同时对固定化后的酶促作用条件（最适pH、温度）、米氏常数、半衰期等理化性质进行了初步测定，结果表明，在3％戊二醛，0．1mg/g湿壳聚糖的给酶量，5℃条件下，果胶酶固定化的固定率较高。酶促特性研究表明，固定化果胶酶最适温度范围较非固定化果胶酶大，最适pH和表观Km均有所下降，在4℃条件下,固定化果胶酶的半衰期约为30d。     

脂肪酶固定化研究及应用初探

以不同的廉价国产大孔树脂为载体,吸附法固定化脂肪酶。重点考察了以大孔树脂b为载体时,酶液浓度、吸附温度和时间、缓冲液pH及离子强度对脂肪酶固定化效果的影响。结果表明,以pH8.5,0.1mol/L的磷酸盐缓冲液为介质,在酶液浓度20mg/mL,固定化温度35℃的条件下,吸附4h,得固定化酶水解活力为137.39u/g,固定化酶的最适pH和温度都比游离酶高。该固定化脂肪酶催化合成结构脂质,连续使用4批催化活力没有任何改变,具有一定的开发潜力。      

脂肪酶固定化研究及应用初探

以不同的廉价国产大孔树脂为载体,吸附法固定化脂肪酶。重点考察了以大孔树脂b为载体时,酶液浓度、吸附温度和时间、缓冲液pH及离子强度对脂肪酶固定化效果的影响。结果表明,以pH8.5,0.1mol/L的磷酸盐缓冲液为介质,在酶液浓度20mg/mL,固定化温度35℃的条件下,吸附4h,得固定化酶水解活力为137.39u/g,固定化酶的最适pH和温度都比游离酶高。该固定化脂肪酶催化合成结构脂质,连续使用4批催化活力没有任何改变,具有一定的开发潜力。     

游离果胶酶和固定化果胶酶的酶学性质

研究游离果胶酶和固定化果胶酶的酶学性质,结果表明,游离酶的最适温度为55℃,最适pH为4.0,明胶固定化酶的最适温度为60℃,最适pH为3.5,固定化酶的稳定性比游离酶更好,底物与固定化酶的亲和力增强。     

固定化果胶酶提高苹果出汁率的研究

采用固定化果胶酶处理红富士苹果浆,在苹果浆pH值、固定化果胶酶水解温度、固定化果胶酶使用质量和固定化果胶酶水解时间对苹果浆出汁率的影响等单因素试验的基础上,采用响应面法分析,探索固定化果胶酶提高苹果浆出汁率的最佳条件。最佳工艺条件为苹果浆适宜pH3.43、固定化果胶酶与苹果浆质量比为1:15、酶促反应温度49.4℃、酶促反应时间3.50h。固定化果胶酶反复使用10次时,苹果浆的出汁率为62.421%,与对照组相比仍提高约13%。     

海藻酸钠固定化果胶酶的研究

以海藻酸钠为载体,采用交联吸附法固定果胶酶。通过单因素实验和正交实验考察固定化主要因素对固定化酶活力的影响,优化固定条件。结果表明,在海藻酸钠浓度为2%、氯化钙为1%、戊二醛浓度为3%的条件下,采用酶浓度为0.2mg/mL、pH值3.0、温度为40℃、固定时间为45min。固定化果胶酶活力最高,酶活回收率达到84.4%。     

阴离子交换树脂固定化果糖基转移酶的研究

从13种离子交换树脂和吸附树脂中,筛选出固定化效果较好的大孔弱碱性苯乙烯系阴离子交换树脂D380为载体,以戊二醛为交联剂,通过先吸附后交联的方法对果糖基转移酶的固定化进行分析,并对固定化条件进行了优化。结果表明,最佳固定化条件为:加酶量为200U/g树脂,吸附pH为6.0,吸附时间为6h,吸附温度为30℃,交联剂戊二醛浓度为0.01%,交联时间为6h,交联温度为4℃,固定化酶活回收率最高可达87.6%以上。     

阴离子交换树脂固定化果糖基转移酶的研究

从13种离子交换树脂和吸附树脂中,筛选出固定化效果较好的大孔弱碱性苯乙烯系阴离子交换树脂D380为载体,以戊二醛为交联剂,通过先吸附后交联的方法对果糖基转移酶的固定化进行分析,并对固定化条件进行了优化。结果表明,最佳固定化条件为:加酶量为200U/g树脂,吸附pH为6.0,吸附时间为6h,吸附温度为30℃,交联剂戊二醛浓度为0.01%,交联时间为6h,交联温度为4℃,固定化酶活回收率最高可达87.6%以上。      

环氧化聚苯乙烯的制备及其在果胶酶固定化中的应用

将环氧聚醚接枝于胺化的聚苯乙烯微球,制备环氧化聚苯乙烯微球,研究胺化聚苯乙烯微球的溶胀时间、反应体系、反应时间、温度等因素对微球环氧化的影响.结果表明,该反应的最佳条件:反应溶剂用二氧六环,反应温度80℃,反应时间25 h,溶胀时间4 h,胺基担载量2.1 mmol NH2/g 时反应的环氧基固载量达到最大,最大环氧基担载量可达1.59 mmol/g.并用该环氧微球作为载体,对果胶酶进行固定化,研究微球吸附温度、吸附pH值、吸附时间对果胶酶固定化效果的影响,得到活力较高的固定化果胶酶,酶活力回收率约为56.4%,最适反应温度由游离酶的50℃上升至65℃,最适pH由游离酶的3.5升至4.5,Km值由游离酶的5.14 g/L降低为3.11g/L.操作稳定性很强,连续使用10批次,酶活仍为77%.     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press