化学发光法测定浮渣油脂类物质抗氧化活性

应用化学发光法测定甘蔗糖厂混合汁浮渣中油脂类提取物对羟基自由基(OH·)和超氧阴离子自由基(O2-·)的清除能力。实验结果显示,提取物清除羟基自由基的EC50为3.97μg/mL,清除超氧阴离子自由基的EC50为12.38μg/mL,表明该提取物具有较好的自由基清除能力及抗氧化活性。     

连翘叶不同溶剂提取物体外抗氧化活性研究

比较连翘叶不同提取溶剂提取物的抗氧化活性。分别以水、60%乙醇、80%乙醇、无水乙醇、乙酸乙酯为溶剂制备连翘叶提取物,测定不同提取物中多糖、总酚和黄酮含量;以BHT为阳性对照,采用DPPH自由基(DPPH·)、羟基自由基(·OH)、超氧阴离子(O_2~-·)、ABTS自由基(ABTS~+·)清除活性和铁离子还原能力(FRAP)法考察各溶剂提取物的抗氧化活性;考察提取物中活性物质含量与其活性的相关性。连翘叶不同溶剂提取物均具有抗氧化活性,均呈一定的量效关系,且不同溶剂提取物的抗氧化活性强弱顺序随评价方法的不同而不同。连翘叶不同溶剂提取物中总酚含量和黄酮含量均与·OH清除活性和铁离子还原能力具有较高的相关性,黄酮含量还与O_2~-·清除活性具有较高的相关性。连翘叶80%乙醇提取物和60%乙醇提取物抗氧化活性相对较高。     

芹菜叶提取物抗氧化作用研究

以索氏提取法用60%乙醇提取芹菜叶中的黄酮类物质,分别采用生化试剂盒法测定其总抗氧化能力及对羟自由基(·OH)、超氧阴离子自由基(O2·)的清除能力,另对不同油脂的抗氧化性能进行检测,评价芹菜叶提取物的体外抗氧化作用。结果表明:芹菜叶乙醇提取物具有较强的抗氧化作用和清除·OH、O2·的能力,并且随提取物质量浓度增大,其总抗氧化能力及清除自由基能力增强,表现出明显的量效关系;芹菜叶乙醇提取物有显著的防止油脂氧化的作用,其效果优于VC。     

黑莓果渣不同溶剂提取物抗氧化活性研究

黑莓果渣经不同溶剂(水、pH3水、60%乙醇、80%乙醇、95%乙醇、正丁醇、乙酸乙酯)在室温下振摇提取,得到黑莓果渣不同溶剂提取物。分别采用总抗氧化能力测定体系、DPPH·(1,1-二苯基-2-苦基肼)自由基体系、羟基自由基体系、超氧阴离子自由基体系,对黑莓果渣不同溶剂提取物总抗氧化能力、清除DPPH·、O2-·和·OH的活性进行测定,并与VC进行比较。结果表明,黑莓果渣不同溶剂提取物均有不同程度抗氧化能力;酸性溶剂提取效果优于非酸性溶剂;60%乙醇为最佳的提取溶剂,其提取物总抗氧化能力、清除DPPH·和O2-·活性均弱于VC,而清除·OH活性较强且高于VC。     

不同产地青钱柳多糖的体外抗氧化及α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性

本研究以清除DPPH自由基(DPPH·)、羟基自由基(·OH)、超氧阴离子自由基(O₂-·)能力和α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性能力为指标,初步评价不同产地青钱柳多糖的体外抗氧化及降血糖活性。结果表明:不同产地青钱柳的多糖含量存在显著差异(p<0.05),其中江西修水县青钱柳的多糖含量最高,为5.85%±0.02%,贵州榕江县平阳乡多糖含量最低,为3.50%±0.10%。不同产地青钱柳多糖的DPPH自由基(DPPH·)、羟基自由基(·OH)、超氧阴离子自由基(O₂-·)能力及α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性有所差异,且与多糖的浓度呈一定剂量关系,即随多糖浓度的增大,多糖的抗氧化及抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性能力增强。青钱柳多糖具有良好的体外抗氧化和降血糖活性,可对其进一步开发利用。     

石榴籽丙酮提取物抗氧化活性研究

研究了石榴籽丙酮提取物的抗氧化活性及清除自由基的能力。采用Schaal烘箱法测定对菜籽油过氧化值(POV)的影响,比色法测定其在卵黄脂蛋白不饱和脂肪酸过氧体系中的抗氧化活性,以及用Marklund法和邻二氮菲-Fe2 氧化法测定其对O2-·和·OH自由基的清除能力。结果表明:石榴籽丙酮提取物对菜籽油和卵黄脂蛋白不饱和脂肪酸过氧体系均有较强的抗氧化性能,并具有一定的清除O2-·和·OH自由基的能力。     

青钱柳叶活性成分的抗氧化活性及UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS分析

利用96孔板法测定青钱柳叶不同溶剂(水、70%乙醇、乙酸乙酯和正己烷)提取物中总酚、总黄酮含量及抗氧化活性(DPPH自由基清除能力、还原能力、总抗氧化能力),考察酚类物质含量与抗氧化活性的相关性,并采用超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间串联质谱(ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spetrometry,UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS)分析提取物中主要活性成分。结果表明:不同提取物中总酚、总黄酮含量及抗氧化活性存在显著性差异且70%乙醇溶液提取物表现出最高的总酚(219.01 mg GAE/g)、总黄酮含量(7.23 mg CE/g)及最强的DPPH自由基清除能力(35.46 mg TE/g)和还原能力(1.89 mmol Fe SO_4/g);总酚、总黄酮含量与DPPH自由基清除能力、还原能力之间呈正相关,与总抗氧化能力呈显著负相关,表明多酚类物质是青钱柳中主要的抗氧化剂。UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS分析70%乙醇溶液提取物并初步鉴定出22种化合物,包括2种有机酸、4种酚酸、5种黄酮、8种三萜皂苷类和3种酯类,其中酚酸和黄酮类化合物是主要的抗氧化活性成分,有机酸、三萜皂苷及酯类化合物可能是潜在的抗氧化活性成分。     

锌对枸杞提取物抗氧化活性的影响

针对天然提取物单独使用时其抗氧化活性不及人工合成抗氧化物强的问题,以氯化锌、葡萄糖酸锌、乙酸锌为原料与65%乙醇为溶剂超声波法提取的枸杞提取物进行络合反应,制备成复合物,采用油脂氧化法、β-胡萝卜素漂白法、清除DPPH自由基以及清除超氧阴离子自由基(O2－ ·)4种方法评价复合物和枸杞提取物的抗氧化活性,通过比较其抗氧化性,考察金属元素锌存在下对枸杞提取物抗氧化性能的影响。由于抗氧化机理的不同,锌离子的存在对枸杞提取物的抗氧化活性均有一定影响,其中乙酸锌与枸杞提取物络合产物(LZn2-AR)清除DPPH自由基、O2－ ·的能力最强,当络合物质量浓度为800mg/L时对DPPH自由基清除率可达85%,对O2－ ·清除率可达20%;葡萄糖酸锌与枸杞提取物络合物(LZn3-AR)的抗油脂氧化能力最强;氯化锌与枸杞提取物络合物具(LZn1-AR)有抗β-胡萝卜素氧化的能力;利用可见-紫外光谱分析可知,氯化锌、葡萄糖酸锌、乙酸锌与枸杞提取物制备成的络合物均出现新的吸收峰,表明均形成新物质。     

温莪术不同溶剂提取物体外抗氧化活性评价

目的:探讨温莪术不同溶剂提取物体外的抗氧化活性。方法:分别用蒸馏水、95%乙醇、乙酸乙酯等不同极性溶剂提取温莪术中活性物质,采用清除1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)自由基、羟自由基(.OH)、亚铁离子螯合和还原能力等方法考察温莪术不同提取物的抗氧化活性。同时用Folin-Cioeaile法测定不同提取物中的总酚含量,考察总酚含量与抗氧化清除率的关系。结果:DPPH自由基、.OH清除能力及还原能力结果表明95%乙醇及乙酸乙酯提取物在较低的质量浓度显示了较高的清除率;同时总酚含量测定结果显示95%乙醇和乙酸乙酯提取物所含总酚含量较高,这表明这两种溶剂提取物的抗氧化性与其提取物含有较高的酚类密切相关;亚铁离子螯合实验结果显示水提物的螯合效果优于其他溶剂提取物。结论:不同溶剂提取物抗氧化能力差别较大,总酚含量与抗氧化清除率具有相关性。     

苹果皮不同溶剂提取物抗氧化活性研究

研究苹果皮不同溶剂提取物的抗氧化活性。依次用蒸馏水、60%乙醇、无水乙醇、乙酸乙酯提取苹果皮中的活性物质,用Folin-Ciocalteu法测定提取物中总酚含量,并以Vc为阳性对照,通过测定对羟自由基(.OH)、超氧阴离子自由基(O2-.)、亚硝酸盐(NO2-)的清除作用及总还原力,比较评价4种提取物的抗氧化活性。苹果皮60%乙醇提取物总酚含量显著高于其他提取物;在不同的抗氧化体系中,苹果皮的4种不同溶剂提取物均具有不同程度的抗氧化活性且与质量浓度呈明显的量效关系,60%乙醇提取物的抗氧化活性始终最强,其清除.OH和O2-.活性弱于Vc,而清除NO2-活性和还原能力较强且高于Vc。苹果皮抗氧化活性物质主要是60%乙醇提取物。     

丝瓜花不同溶剂提取物抗氧化活性及其酚类成分分析

以无水乙醇、70%乙醇、40%乙醇和水分别对丝瓜花进行提取,并测定各提取物中总酚、总黄酮含量,采用DPPH·清除能力、超氧化物自由基清除能力、FRAP抗氧化能力和亚铁离子螯合能力等方法评价其抗氧化活性,通过HPLC分析其中酚类成分。结果表明,70%和40%乙醇提取物总酚及总黄酮含量较高,而且DPPH·清除活性、FRAP还原力最强,40%乙醇提取物、水提物分别具有最强的超氧阴离子自由基清除活性和亚铁离子螯合能力。总酚含量与DPPH·清除活性之间存在较强的相关性(R²=0.8688)。HPLC分析检出提取物中9种酚类化合物,其中含量最高的为杨梅素。试验结果说明,70%乙醇、40%乙醇可能是丝瓜花抗氧化性物质提取的较好溶剂。结果表明丝瓜花是一种较好的抗氧剂资源。     

Antioxidant activities of red pepper (Capsicum annuum) pericarp and seed extracts

In this study, we examined the antioxidant activities of red pepper (Capsicum annuum, L.) pericarp and red pepper seed extracts. The extracts were evaluated by various antioxidant assays, including 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, superoxide anion radical scavenging, hydroxyl radical scavenging, [2,2′‐azino‐bis(3‐ethylbenzthiazoline‐6‐sulphonic acid)] (ABTS) radical scavenging, ferrous chelating activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and reducing power, along with the determination of total phenolic and flavonoid contents. All the extracts showed strong antioxidant activity by the testing methods. The red pepper pericarp extract exhibited strong ferrous chelating activity and high scavenging activity against free radicals, including both the hydroxyl and DPPH radicals, but it exhibited weaker scavenging activity for the superoxide anion radical and for SOD. In contrast, the red pepper seed extract exhibited strong SOD activity and high scavenging activity against the superoxide anion radical, but showed weaker ferrous chelating activity, hydroxyl radical scavenging, and DPPH radical scavenging. We observed that the reducing power level and ABTS radical scavenging activity of the red pepper seed were higher than those of the red pepper pericarp at the highest tested concentration. Most of the test results for the red pepper seed and red pepper pericarp extracts increased markedly with increasing concentration; however, the metal chelating, SOD and ABTS radical scavenging activities did not increase with the concentration. Highest total phenolic and flavonoid contents were obtained from the red pepper pericarp extracts. Overall, the red pepper seed and red pepper pericarp extracts were highly effective for the antioxidant properties assayed, with the exceptions of ferrous chelating activity, hydroxyl radical scavenging and SOD activity.     

Radical scavenging and antimicrobial activity of horsetail (Equisetum arvense L.) extracts

A reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) separation on C₈ column and quantitative method were developed to analyse hydroxyl derivatives of benzoic and cinnamic acid and flavonoids in horsetail ( Equisetum arvense L.) extracts. Total phenolic content of n -butanol, ethyl acetate and water extracts, determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method, was 96.4, 26.4 and 15.4 mg g⁻¹ of dry extracts, respectively. The antioxidative activity of horsetail extracts was tested by measuring their ability to scavenge stable 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and reactive hydroxyl radicals by electron spin resonance spectroscopy. The results demonstrated that the free radical scavenging activity (versus both DPPH and hydroxyl radicals) depended on the type and concentration of applied extracts; the highest DPPH (EC₅₀ = 0.65 mg mL⁻¹) and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities (EC₅₀ = 0.74 mg mL⁻¹) were obtained in the case of n -butanol extract. The radical scavenging activity of extracts significantly correlated with total phenolic content. The antimicrobial tests showed that ethyl acetate and n -butanol extracts inhibited the growth of tested bacteria.     

槐花提取物抗氧化性能研究

通过测定还原力和自由基清除率确定了槐花提取物的抗氧化活性。结果表明:槐花提取物中黄酮类物质的含量为3.2596mg/ml。其还原力为强于VC而弱于TBHQ。槐花提取物清除羟自由基、超氧阴离子自由基和DPPH自由基时均存在良好的量效关系且呈线性关系,其中清除超氧阴离子自由基和DPPH自由基的能力较强,其IC50分别为66.55μg/ml和16.93μg/ml。     

黑枣提取物的抗氧化活性

用不同体积分数的乙醇(30%、60%、80%和100%)提取黑枣中的酚类物质,通过测定各提取物的总酚含量,确定提取溶剂的适宜浓度为80%(总酚含量为3.5mg/g)。在此基础上,以DPPH自由基法、OH·自由基法、Fe~(3+)还原力法和Fe~(2+)络合力法对黑枣提取物的抗氧化活性进行了评价。结果表明:黑枣80%乙醇提取物具有较强的抗氧化活性,且其DPPH自由基、OH·自由基清除能力和Fe~(3+)还原能力均呈现剂量-效应关系,Fe~(2+)络合能力相当于5.64mgNa_2EDTA。     

马兰提取物抗氧化性研究

目的：考查马兰中水提取物和乙醇提取物抗氧化活性。方法：分别以水和乙醇为提取液,探讨马兰中水提取物和乙醇提取物的抗氧化活性,包括还原能力以及清除DPPH自由基、羟自由基、超氧阴离子自由基和H2O2的能力。 结果：提取物主要成分为黄酮类化合物。马兰水提取物的抗氧化活性为：超氧阴离子自由基(IC50 2.2μg/mL)＞H2O2(IC50 2.8μg/mL)＞羟自由基(IC50 5.6μg/mL)＞DPPH自由基(IC50 8.5μg/mL) ＞金属螯合性(IC50 28.0μg/mL)。而马兰乙醇提取物的抗氧化活性为：H2O2(IC50 2.0μg/mL) ＞超氧阴离子自由基(IC50 2.1μg/mL)>羟自由基(IC50 2.5μg/mL)> DPPH自由基(IC50 5.6μg/mL) ＞金属螯合性(IC50 51.2μg/mL)。结论：马兰提取物具有较强的抗氧化活性。     

秦皮抗氧化成分的分离及其活性研究

用95%乙醇提取了秦皮中具有抗氧化活性的物质,并从中依次分离出七叶内酯、七叶甙,然后采用DPPH分析法研究了秦皮乙醇提取物及其主要成分七叶内酯、七叶甙对DPPH自由基的清除能力。结果显示,与合成抗氧化剂BHT比较,它们都有很强的自由基清除能力,其中七叶内酯对自由基的清除作用最强,秦皮乙醇提取物次之,七叶甙最弱;而且它们对自由基的清除能力与浓度和时间有关,浓度越大,抗氧化物加入时间越长,对自由基的清除能力就越强。     

Screening of antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of anise (Pimpinella anisum L.) seed extracts

In this study, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of water and ethanol extracts of anise (Pimpinella anisum L.) seed (PAS) were investigated. The antioxidant properties of both extracts of PAS were evaluated using different antioxidant tests, including reducing power, free radical scavenging, superoxide anion radical scavenging, hydrogen peroxide scavenging, and metal chelating activities. Twenty μg/ml of water and ethanol extracts exhibited 99.1 and 77.5% inhibition of peroxidation in linoleic acid system, which was greater than the same concentration of α-tocopherol (36.1%). These various antioxidant activities were compared with synthetic antioxidants such as butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), and α-tocopherol. The water extract of PAS exhibited greater antioxidant capacity than that of ethanol. Antimicrobial activity tests were carried out using disc diffusion methods with 10 microbial species.     

Comparison of antioxidant activity of clove (Eugenia caryophylata Thunb) buds and lavender (Lavandula stoechas L.)

The antioxidant activity of water and ethanol extracts of clove (Eugenia carophyllata) buds and lavender (Lavandula stoechas L.) was studied. The antioxidant properties of both extracts of clove and lavender were evaluated using different antioxidant tests; reductive potential, free radical scavenging, superoxide anion radical scavenging and metal chelating activities. The both extracts of clove and lavender exhibited strong total antioxidant activity. At the concentrations of 20, 40, and 60 μg/ml, water extract of clove and lavender showed 93.3%, 95.5%, 97.9%, 86.9%, 92.3%, and 94.8% inhibition on lipid peroxidation of linoleic acid emulsion, respectively. At the same concentrations, ethanol extract of clove and lavender exhibited 94.9%, 95.5%, 98.2%, 92.5%, 93.8%, and 96.5%, respectively. Comparable, 60 μg/ml of standard antioxidant such as butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), and α-tocopherol exhibited 96.5%, 99.2%, and 61.1% inhibition on peroxidation of linoleic acid emulsion, respectively. The both extracts of clove and lavender had effective reductive potential, free radical scavenging, superoxide anion radical scavenging, and metal chelating activities at all tested concentrations (20, 40, and 60 μg/ml). Those various antioxidant activities were compared to standard antioxidants such as BHA, BHT, and α-tocopherol. In addition, total phenolic compounds in the both extracts of clove and lavender were determined as gallic acid equivalent.     

牡丹花水提物对肾素和ACE的双重抑制作用

研究了牡丹花水提物对肾素-血管紧张素系统中两种关键酶肾素和血管紧张素转化酶(ACE)的抑制作用,选取典型的牡丹花色品种,并与芍药进行比较,考察了样品水提物的肾素和ACE抑制活性及抗氧化能力,并分析酚类及黄酮类物质的含量与其功能活性的相关性。结果表明,红色系的牡丹和芍药花水提物具有优良的肾素和ACE抑制活性,而白色系的牡丹花水提物抑制肾素和ACE活性的能力则很弱。其中活性最高的样品水提物抑制肾素的IC50值为0.08 mg/mL,抑制ACE的IC50值为0.23 mg/mL;此外,红色系的牡丹和芍药花水提物的ABTS自由基清除能力为115.89~121.75mgTE/gDW,DPPH自由基清除能力为192.67~200.46mg TE/g DW,铁离子还原能力为119.86~208.94 mg TE/g DW,总酚含量为99.29~122.45 mg GAE/g DW,白色牡丹花水提物的抗氧化能力及总酚含量均远低于红色系样品水提物。相关性分析表明,不同样品水提物的肾素和ACE抑制活性及DPPH、ABTS自由基清除能力和铁离子还原能力与总酚含量显著正相关(p<0.01),相关系数分别为0.99、0.91、0.99、0.99和0.98。本研究指出深色系的牡丹花水提物倾向于表现出更强的肾素和ACE抑制活性,其中酚类化合物是潜在的重要活性物质,这可为探讨新型血压调控因子及实现不同品系牡丹花的高值化利用提供更丰富的基础理论支撑。