基于单片机的智慧水族箱生态养殖系统

随着人工智能的迅速发展，人们的生活不断提高，智慧水族箱、智慧家居等等逐渐进入人们家中，主要针对目前市场上销售的水族箱现状以及高耗能的资源浪费问题，设计了一种基于STC89C52RC单片机为核心的智慧水族箱生态养殖系统。重点对水温调节、水循环过滤两个模块进行了分析，同时也介绍了充氧、喂食、液显、按键的电路。该智能养殖系统不仅适用于家用水族箱，同时也适用户外水禽的养殖，可以降低饲养难度，并且节能环保。     

基于STC89C52的家居信息远程监控系统设计

为了有效监测家庭实时环境信息,文中提出了一种基于STC89C52的家居信息远程监控系统,系统主要由传感器模块,单片机模块,WiFi模块组成。利用wifi模块与STC89C52单片机组建控制终端,用户通过手机等通讯设备指令到控制终端,控制终端提取控制指令通过单片机控制各个功能模块从而实现家庭环境的实时监测。通过软硬件设计测试,系统能够精确对室内环境各项参数进行精确监测。     

基于TC35模块的远程报警器设计

随着智能化家居概念的不断推广及电子信息产业向生活领域的快速渗透,实现家居信息化、网络化、智能化已成为家居系统发展的新趋势。本论文设计了STC89C52单片机实现的基于TC35模块的远程报警器系统,此系统由单片机控制模块、液晶显示模块、GSM模块TC35及其它传感器模块组成。该系统采用现有的电话网络,结合射频无线通信技术和单片机网络控制技术,具有自动化程度高、适用性强、电路设计可靠等优点。     

基于S12的无线传感器网络样机系统设计

阐述基于蓝牙技术的无线传感器技术模块的设计及实现方法.详细描述了MC9S12DT128单片机在CodeWarrior开发环境下模/数转换的中断控制方式,以及主从蓝牙模块的驱动过程.系统包含主从2个蓝牙模块:主蓝牙模块由PC机控制;从蓝牙模块采用Freescale公司的MC9S12DT128单片机作为核心处理器.     

基于89C51的智能融雪除冰装置的设计与仿真

介绍了基于89C51单片机的智能融雪除冰装置,利用控制超声波、光波及微波的发射实现道路融雪除冰。系统主要由单片机、555电路触发的超声波发射模块、高电平触发微波发射模块及光波发射模块组成。现场路面温度通过由芯片DS18B20组成的控制模块采集。在理论分析基础上通过实验确定各波的工作时间。仿真实验结果表明,该系统工作可靠、控制准确、融冰效果佳。     

基于GSM通信网络的远程家庭电器控制系统设计

介绍了一种基于GSM通信网络模块技术,利用单片机实现智能化的远程家庭电器控制系统的设计方法。给出了家庭电器控制系统的各部分硬件设计框图以及GSM模块与单片机通信软件流程图。该家庭电器控制系统具有远程控制、双向通信、随时和定时监测电器工作状态的功能,同时具有性价比高、体积小、控制距离远、抗干扰性强和系统扩展性好、应用范围广等优点。     

基于单片机的蔬菜大棚温湿度监控系统设计

针对传统大棚温湿度监控系统存在监控数据误差大的问题,笔者设计了以单片机作为控制核心的蔬菜大棚温湿度控制系统,包括单片机控制模块、温度传感器模块和湿度传感器模块,并从硬件和软件两方面介绍了单片机温度控制系统的设计思想,对硬件原理图和程序流程图进行了系统描述。实验表明,基于单片机的蔬菜大棚温湿度监控系统具有更高的准确性。     

基于单片机和LabVIEW的虚拟示波器设计

现代虚拟仪器技术充分融合了传统的实物仪器与计算机技术,是进行电子测量及计算机检测与控制的先进技术,与计算机之间通信方便,应用简单灵活.基于STC12C5A60S2单片机及LabVIEW软件设计了一种虚拟示波器系统,主要由加法电路模块、模数(A/D)转换模块、串口通讯模块及上位机显示模块等四个部分组成.选用低功耗单片机作...     

实验室照明控制系统设计

本文介绍了基于单片机的实验室照明控制系统,可以有效的节约教室照明系统所耗能源。系统以单片机为核心,辅以红外检测模块,光照检测模块,报警声光模块以及灯光控制模块组成完整的控制系统。     

基于AT89C52单片机的搬运机器人控制系统设计

针对传统搬运机器人控制系统搬运路径准确性较差,控制耗时较长的问题,基于AT89C52单片机设计了一种新的搬运机器人控制系统;系统硬件主要由驱动模块、控制模块、显示模块和地面勘测模块组成,驱动模块具有很强的信息驱动能力,能确保机器人在运动过程得到充足的电量支持,显示模块及时进行信息显示,同时配合控制模块实现实时控制,地面勘测模块确保机器人在工作过程中对地面状况进行分析处理,从而得到更优的搬运路径;软件部分设计了搬运机器人最佳的分组搬运策略,基于AT89C52单片机将搬运指令传输至搬运机器人控制算法,快速纠正机器人的错误行为,使机器人成功完成搬运任务;实验结果表明,该搬运机器人控制系统能够有效缩短控制时间,提高控制精度,具有良好的系统规划、优化能力及智能化高.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.     

Editorial: Special issue on recent advances in hybrid control theory and applications

正The demands of a rapidly advancing technology for faster and more accurate controllers have always had a strong influence on the progress of automatic control theory.In recent years control problems have been arising with increasing frequency in widely different areas,which cannot be addressed using conventional control techniques.The principal reason for this is the fact that a highly competitive economy is forcing systems to operate in regimes where     

Information for Authors

正Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)areedited by the international board of distinguished Chinese andforeign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest devel-opments and achievements in scientific research in China andoverseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulateand promote academic exchange between Chinese and for-eign scientists everywhere.     

Enhancing a leaf radiative transfer model to estimate concentrations and in vivo specific absorption coefficients of total carotenoids and chlorophylls a and b from single-needle reflectance and transmittance

The relative concentrations of different pigments within a leaf have significant physiological and spectral consequences. Photosynthesis, light use efficiency, mass and energy exchange, and stress response are dependent on relationships among an ensemble of pigments. This ensemble also determines the visible characteristics of a leaf, which can be measured remotely and used to quantify leaf biochemistry and structure. But current remote sensing approaches are limited in their ability to resolve individual pigments. This paper focuses on the incorporation of three pigments—chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total carotenoids—into the LIBERTY leaf radiative transfer model to better understand relationships between leaf biochemical, biophysical, and spectral properties.Pinus ponderosa and Pinus jeffreyi needles were collected from three sites in the California Sierra Nevada. Hemispheric single-leaf visible reflectance and transmittance and concentrations of chlorophylls a and b and total carotenoids of fresh needles were measured. These data were input to the enhanced LIBERTY model to estimate optical and biochemical properties of pine needles. The enhanced model successfully estimated reflectance (RMSE = 0.0255, BIAS = 0.00477, RMS%E = 16.7%), had variable success estimating transmittance (RMSE = 0.0442, BIAS = 0.0294, RMS%E = 181%), and generated very good estimates of carotenoid concentrations (RMSE = 2.48 µg/cm², BIAS = 0.143 µg/cm², RMS%E = 20.4%), good estimates of chlorophyll a concentrations (RMSE = 10.7 µg/cm², BIAS = − 0.992 µg/cm², RMS%E = 21.1%), and fair estimates of chlorophyll b concentrations (RMSE = 7.49 µg/cm², BIAS = − 2.12 µg/cm², RMS%E = 43.7%). Overall root mean squared errors of reflectance, transmittance, and pigment concentration estimates were lower for the three-pigment model than for the single-pigment model. The algorithm to estimate three in vivo specific absorption coefficients is robust, although estimated values are distorted by inconsistencies in model biophysics. The capacity to invert the model from single-leaf reflectance and transmittance was added to the model so it could be coupled with vegetation canopy models to estimate canopy biochemistry from remotely sensed data.     

Mr. Twinn’s bombes

This article discusses the history and design of the special versions of the bombe key-finding machines used by Britain’s Government Code & Cypher School (GC&CS) during World War II to attack the Enigma traffic of the Abwehr (the German military intelligence service). These special bombes were based on the design of their more numerous counterparts used against the traffic of the German armed services, but differed from them in important ways that highlight the adaptability of the British bombe design, and the power and flexibility of the diagonal board. Also discussed are the changes in the Abwehr indicating system that drove the development of these machines, the ingenious ways in which they were used, and some related developments involving the bombes used by the U.S. Navy’s cryptanalytic unit (OP-20-G).