恶唑禾草灵与阔叶杂草防除剂混用的药效研究

室内和田间试验研究了恶唑禾草灵和与麦田阔叶杂草防除剂２甲４氯、灭草松、甲磺隆以及绿磺隆混用的瘘容性和联合作用类型。室内试验结果说明，恶唑禾草灵与供试除草剂水稀释液和的妆容性良好，混用后不会出现分层、沉淀或表面张力增大等不良反应。田间试验结果表明，恶唑禾草灵与２甲４氯、灭草松混用对野燕麦、婆婆、纳、猪殃殃及试验田中所有杂草的总体防效均表现为拮抗作用；哑 灵与甲磺隆或绿磺降混秀，对野燕麦表现为拮抗作用     

野燕麦除草剂与利谷隆及2甲4氯混用和相继使用

在野燕麦草荒严重的小麦田里,往往也有许多其它阔叶杂草。如果野燕麦除草剂能与阔叶杂草除草剂混用,从而得到理想的杀草谱,这将是人们所期望的。近年来,加拿大以利谷隆、2甲4氯与燕麦灵、禾草灵、野燕枯混用或相继使用,进行了实验研究,这里作一简要介绍。1.燕麦灵 利谷隆或燕麦灵 利谷隆 2甲4氯混用和燕麦灵、利谷隆相继使用燕麦灵 利谷隆或燕麦灵 利谷隆 2甲4氯混用,无论在田间或温室实验中,均严重     

恶唑禾草灵与氟草烟混用的药效研究

室内生测结果说明，氟草烟影响恶唑禾草灵对野燕麦的生物活性，二者混用对野燕素表现为相加作用。田间药效试验结果表明，恶唑禾草灵与氟草烟混用对野燕麦及麦田主要阔叶杂草均有较高的防效，无拮抗作用发生。     

不同除草剂对野燕麦和旱雀麦的防除效果

[目的]筛选出对野燕麦和旱雀麦防除效果好的药剂。[方法]选择10种目前生产中常用的除草剂进行室内生测试验。[结果]土壤处理除草剂中81.5%乙草胺1600 m L/hm2和33.3%二甲戊灵5400 m L/hm~2防除野燕麦、旱雀麦效果达95%以上;茎叶处理除草剂中对野燕麦的防除效果:精唑禾草灵炔草酸唑啉草酯烯草酮氟唑磺隆啶磺草胺;对旱雀麦的防除效果烯草酮氟唑磺隆啶磺草胺精唑禾草灵唑啉草酯炔草酸。[结论]乙草胺、二甲戊灵、精唑禾草灵、炔草酸、唑啉草酯对野燕麦有良好的防除效果,烯草酮、氟唑磺隆对旱雀麦防除效果好。     

几种除草剂对马铃薯安全性及混用效果

[目的]寻找适于马铃薯田阔叶杂草防除的除草剂。[方法]茎叶喷雾,测定除草剂对马铃薯安全性及杂草防除效果。[结果]砜嘧磺隆、灭草松、2甲4氯钠、草除灵对马铃薯相对安全。2甲4氯钠756 g a.i./hm~2、灭草松864 g a.i./hm~2单独使用均不足以完全防除阔叶杂草,而2甲4氯钠与砜嘧磺隆或灭草松混配对马铃薯田阔叶杂草防效达95%以上,产量较空白对照提高近40%,较人工除草处理提高5%以上。[结论]激素类除草剂2甲4氯钠与灭草松或砜嘧磺隆在马铃薯田混用具有重要应用前景。     

几种除草剂混配对麦田杂草的防除效果及安全性

几种除草剂对麦田杂草的田间药效试验结果表明:供试药剂对小麦安全,对小麦生长发育、后期产量无不良影响.药后30 d,各处理对各种杂草的株防效都略有降低,药后45 d,20%氯氟吡氧乙酸EC与6.9%精唑禾草灵EW复配对野燕麦、阔叶杂草及综合株防效最好,75%苯磺隆WG与6.9%精唑禾草灵EW复配的鲜重防效最好.根据试验结果推荐使用75%苯磺隆WG 75 g/hm2+6.9%精唑禾草灵EW 750 mL/hm2(制剂朋量).     

新型除草剂碘甲磺隆钠盐

碘甲磺隆钠盐属磺酰脲类除草剂，通过抑制乙酰乳酸合成酶而起作用，主要用于小麦田，苗后早期防除黑麦草、野燕麦、梯牧草和多种阔叶杂草。介绍了碘甲磺隆钠盐的合成方法。     

新型玉米田苗后除草剂——甲酰胺磺隆

甲酰胺磺隆(foramsulfuron)是安万特公司开发的一种新型磺酰脲类除草剂,其作用机理与其他磺酰脲类除草剂一样,也是乙酰乳酸合成酶(ALS)抑制剂,主要用于玉米田防除禾本科杂草和某些阔叶杂草。在玉米田甲酰胺磺隆经常与碘甲磺隆钠盐(iodosulfuron-methysodium)混用,以扩大对阔叶杂草的杀草谱,尤其可以增加对苘麻、藜、苍耳、豚草、田蓟、野向日葵等杂草和某些番薯属杂草的防除效果。另外,甲酰胺磺隆在制剂加工过程中常加入安全剂     

6种除草剂防除烟地杂草效果评价

为了探索既对烟株生长无明显影响又能有效防除烟地杂草的新型除草剂,2004年我们对25%砜嘧磺隆DF等6种除草剂进行了药剂筛选试验,结果表明,芽前除草剂40%异松·仲灵EC和芽后除草剂25%砜嘧磺隆DF对烟地杂草的防除效果最好,6种除草剂对杂草防效的排序为:25%砜嘧磺隆DF>40%异松·仲灵EC>72%异丙甲草胺EC>50%敌草胺WP>6.9%精唑禾草灵EW>10.8%高效氟吡甲禾灵EC。     

麦田除草剂丙苯磺隆在美上市

拜耳公司新型磺酰脲类(磺酰胺基羰基三唑啉酮类)麦田除草剂丙苯磺隆(通用名称：propoxycarbazonesodium，商品名称：Olympus)2004年7月30日在美上市。丙苯磺隆主要用于防除禾本科杂草如看麦娘、雀麦等和一些重要的阔叶杂草。为了扩大杀草谱，丙苯磺隆还可与2，4-滴，2甲4氯混用。(LCL)     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.