季铵盐改性丙烯酸酯抗静电剂合成及UV固化性能

本文采用甲基丙烯酸β羟乙酯(HEMA)、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)及自制的N,N,N三乙基2羟乙基氯化铵合成了一种季铵盐改性丙烯酸酯抗静电剂。使用核磁共振谱表征产物结构。将产物制成浓度40%的甲基丙烯酸β羟乙酯(HEMA)溶液,通过UV固化成膜,涂膜的表面电阻为106Ω,水洗后表面电阻为107Ω。为了得到综合性能优异的涂膜,添加活性稀释剂1,6己二醇二丙烯酸酯(HDDA)与低聚物(PUA),研究了各组分对固化时间、硬度、附着力以及抗静电性的影响。最佳配比(质量分数):季铵盐改性丙烯酸酯抗静电剂40%,HEMA40%,HDDA15%,PUA5%。涂膜的性能:外观(目测)澄清透明,固化时间3s,硬度2H,附着力1级,表面电阻108Ω。     

辐射固化涂料

具有好的耐候性、固化性和屏蔽性的光固化着色涂料组合物；具有好的UV屏蔽性的无机涂料组合物；辐射固化树脂组合物及固化的涂膜；辐射固化涂料及其应用；聚醚改性丙烯酸聚氨酯UV树脂的合成；[编者按]     

辐射固化涂料

以UV光固化聚氨醋组合物二步密封木器和塑料表面的方法;基于乙烯类不饱和聚氨醋的UV固化涂料组合物;辐射固化丙烯酸聚氨醋组合物、其固化产品和以该组合物涂覆产品的制备;紫外光固化水性涂料及其制备方法和应用;光固化水性丙烯酸环氧树脂乳液及由其制备的涂料;活化能射线固化性涂料组合物以及涂膜形成方法。     

聚合活性抗静电剂合成及在紫外光固化涂料中的应用

合成了一系列具有聚合活性的含N和含P化合物,研究了这些化合物作为紫外光固化涂料的抗静电剂的效果。结果表明,含P化合物H-1具有较好的抗静电效果,当在紫外光固化涂料中添加量为3-6%时,使涂膜的表面电阻从10^13-10^19Ω。     

导电涂料

200902082含导电添加剂的聚硅氧烷-硼烷组合物和含该组合物的透明硬涂料;200902083用于形成固化涂膜的可固化液态涂料组合物及抗静电层压件;200902084贮存稳定性良好的抗静电涂料、其固化涂膜、带有该抗静电涂膜的塑料底材及固化涂膜的制备;200902085涂装性、透明性和附着性好的抗静电水稀释锡氧化物涂料及其涂覆的层压件;     

辐射固化涂料

地板用抗静电性和防污性好的UV固化氨基甲酸酯丙烯酸酯低聚物；低VOC功能UV涂料、带该涂层的建筑材料及其制备方法；辐射固化涂料组合物及带有低变色无味涂膜的光盘；贴花纸用UV辐射固化涂料及含该材料的环氧丙烯酸酯低聚物的制备工艺；在辐射固化涂料中可通过SIO基团和氟化残基键合的（甲基）丙烯酸酯的聚硅氧烷     

辐射固化涂料

防眩光硬涂料及防眩光硬涂膜，高耐热性热固化型/光固化型涂料，具有好的附着力和耐久性的光盘用UV固化组合物，具防污性和耐划伤性并可与基料树脂配伍的可UV固化硬质涂料组合物，用于卷材涂料中减少堵塞发生的水性辐射固化基料组合物，用于民用工程和建筑工业的高透明性光固化腻子组合物，[编者按]     

辐射固化涂料

金属闪光颜料组合物和含该组合物的UV固化金属闪光油墨组合物或UV固化金属闪光涂料组合物，用 UV 固化涂料涂装砑光膜的方法，高膜厚高平整性辐射固化涂层的形成方法，辐射固化组合物和带有优异耐划伤性和附着力的固化涂膜的物件，光固化树脂组合物及由其形成的附着力和柔韧性优异的涂膜。     

新型UV固化多官能度有机硅功能低聚物的合成及应用

以端含氢硅油、甲基乙烯基二氯硅烷和丙烯酸-β-羟乙酯为原料,经硅氢加成和醇解两步反应,制备了一种与UV固化涂料相容性好,新型多官能度、可UV固化的有机硅功能低聚物。优化了硅氢加成反应条件,产物结构经IR进行了表征。将有机硅功能低聚物应用于UV固化涂料,制得UV固化耐污涂料。研究了涂膜的光固化时间、耐试剂性以及热稳定性,并探究了有机硅低聚物含量与涂膜表面水接触角、吸水率和耐污性等之间的关系。硅氢加成反应的最佳条件:反应温度85℃,催化剂用量为0.4%,n(端基含氢硅油)∶n(甲基乙烯基二氯硅烷)=1∶2,溶剂甲苯的用量为30%。此条件下端基含氢硅油的转化率达到98%;将多官能度有机硅低聚物应用于UV固化涂料,制备有机硅耐污功能材料。涂膜固化时间为46 s,附着力达2级,硬度为3H,具有较好的力学性质。当有机硅低聚物质量分数为1.2%时,材料涂膜表面水接触角达到110°,具有优良的疏水性;涂膜耐水、耐盐及耐碱性较好,且对酱油、碳素墨水以及水性彩笔表现出良好的耐污性能。此外,固化膜在325℃内稳定存在,具有良好的热稳定性。     

UV固化粉末涂料组成与性能的研究

采用功率热补偿型扫描量热仪和INSTRON32 11毛细管流变仪测定了UV固化粉末涂料用主体树脂的玻璃化温度 (Tg)和流变性能 ,研究了该涂料中不同光引发剂体系对涂料光固化性能和涂膜物理性能的影响 ,及添加不同纳米材料对涂料涂膜物理性能的影响。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Novel polyurethane coating technology through glycidyl carbamate chemistry

Glycidyl carbamate chemistry combines the excellent properties of polyurethanes with the crosslinking chemistry of epoxy resins. Glycidyl carbamate functional oligomers were synthesized by the reaction of polyfunctional isocyanate oligomers and glycidol. The oligomers were formulated into coatings with several amine functional crosslinkers at varying stoichiometric ratios and cured at different temperatures. Properties such as solvent resistance, hardness, and impact resistance were dependent on the composition and cure conditions. Most coatings had an excellent combination of properties. Studies were carried out to determine the kinetics of the curing reaction of the glycidyl carbamate functional oligomers with multifunctional and model amines. Detailed kinetic analysis of the curing reactions was also undertaken. The results indicated that the glycidyl carbamate functional group is more reactive than a glycidyl ether group. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, on October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.     

Highly moisture-proof polysilsesquioxane coating prepared via facile sol-gel process

A highly moisture-proof polysilsesquioxane coating was obtained from a new bis-silylated precursor, which was synthesized from 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) and m-xylylene diisocyanate (m-XDI) in tetrahydrofuran (THF) and verified by ¹H MAS NMR. For direct comparison purposes, an SiO₂ coating was also prepared by the Stöber method using tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) as the reactant. Interestingly, the coating obtained from the polysilsesquioxane sol exhibited a much higher moisture resistance capability than its counterpart, which was attributed to its more compact feature between nanoparticles as characterized by N₂ absorption experiment and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Furthermore, its high transparency of about 92% showed potential for application in the protection of optical crystals.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.