谈生活污水预处理构筑物化粪池

简述了化粪池的使用现状,分析了化粪池使用中存在的问题,详细介绍了化粪池的布置与设计,展望了化粪池的发展趋势,指出化粪池的设置是一个系统工程,应与城市污水厂的设置统筹考虑。     

浅谈圆形化粪池的冬期施工

通过施工及管理的经验,对国标化粪池及圆形化粪池在冬季施工,工程造价,占地面积以及使用年限等方面进行经济技术比较,论述了圆形化粪池适用于东北地区的使用     

生物强化技术在化粪池中的应用及效益分析

简述了化粪池的使用现状及在应用中存在的问题,介绍了生物强化技术在处理化粪池中残积物的应用,分析得出利用微生物菌剂处理化粪池污泥具有良好的社会、经济、环境效益。     

寒冷地区化粪池的设计与施工

讨论了在寒冷地区使用化粪池容积计算公式时的参数确定 ;并指出在冬期施工时设计选用国家标准图集的化粪池所带来的弊处 ,推荐了两种适合冬期施工的新型构件化粪池     

HFRP玻璃钢整体型化粪池的原理及应用

1、基本原理1.1HFRP-A埋地式玻璃钢化粪池HFRP-A型化粪池使用高分子材料与高强度玻璃钢纤维复合制成的圆筒型整体化粪池,与传统砖混化粪池相比,     

GTW地埋式整体玻璃钢化粪池的应用

通过在工程中使用GTW地埋式整体玻璃钢化粪池,指出该产品具有独特的性能优点,阐述了该类化粪池的施工工艺,从源头上彻底解决了传统化粪池渗漏污染地下水源的问题,为绿色环保施工提供了保障。     

玻璃钢化粪池安装施工技术的应用

论述了玻璃钢化粪池安装施工技术,利用整体一次吊装就位和内外同步逐级加压对称夯填法,保证了化粪池基础回填土的密实度和均匀性,避免化粪池在安装和使用过程中的变形损坏,保证了安装质量。     

取消化粪池与温室气体减排

在城镇污水处理厂正在普及的地区,化粪池的继续使用导致了温室气体的大量产生和影响污水处理厂运行等问题,我国已有部分地区在试点取消化粪池的工作。从温室气体减排的环境效益和经济效益角度,强调了污水处理厂服务地区取消化粪池的必要性。     

居民住宅化粪池的选择与改进

随着城市住宅建设的不断发展,住宅的标准和质量也在逐步提高。现代住宅卫生设施的配套,给人民生活带来了很大方便,但由于人们对化粪池的选择使用和管理不够重视,因此,不少化粪池堵塞,造成粪患,影响了环境卫生及居民居住。最近,我们对部分被堵塞的化粪池进行了调查,并对改进化粪池     

关于重庆市取消生化池的探讨

本文通过分析化粪池和生化池在实际使用中的一些问题,结合重庆市实际情况,对在城市污水厂服务区域内取消化粪池和生化池进行了探讨。     

建筑室外排水系统取消化粪池综述

关于建筑室外排水系统化粪池的设置原则,国家有关标准并没有做出明确的规定,行业人员对化粪池设置必要性仍持有不同观点,本文在国内已有相关研究成果的基础上,结合部分城市取消化粪池的工程实践经验进行总结,以供同行交流参考。     

取消化粪池可行性函调结果与分析

为了更好地了解省内外给排水从业人员对化粪池设置的不同见解,并为编制《福建省化粪池设置技术管理暂行规定》提供依据,进行了化粪池设置调查问卷的分发与回收,通过函调反馈信息,对函调结果进行了整理分析并探讨了取消化粪池的可行性。     

复合式竹丝填料生物反应器处理化粪池出水

为寻找适合化粪池出水的处理工艺,采用批式试验研究了复合式竹丝填料生物反应器对化粪池出水中COD、SS的去除效果。结果表明:复合式竹丝填料生物反应器能有效去除化粪池出水中的COD和SS,平均去除率分别达到了85.4%和90%以上;复合式竹丝填料生物反应器的微生物数量较多、微生物链较长、微生物种群丰富;复合式竹丝填料生物反应器中的污泥增加量极少。将复合式竹丝填料生物反应器内的活性污泥和竹丝分开组成两个独立的生物反应器并处理化粪池污水,结果发现,竹丝生物膜反应器能在短期(18h)内超过活性污泥反应器的处理效果,且竹丝生物膜反应器的产泥量很低。可见,竹丝填料较为适合处理化粪池出水,是一种价格低廉、污染少、运行管理费用较低的良好填料。     

Nitrate contamination in private wells in rural Alabama, United States

Nitrate-N (NO(3)(-)-N) concentrations in random water samples from rural residential wells in Alabama, USA, were analyzed over an 8-year period from 1992 to 1999. Data collected included land use, well depth, septic tank use and distance from the well and also livestock and cropping activities around wells. Of 1021 available data sets, 36% of samples showed nitrate-N concentration of higher than 1.0 mg/l, indicating the possible influence of anthropogenic activities. About 1.7% of samples had a nitrate-N concentration of higher than 10 mg/l. Results indicate nitrate contamination in groundwater was relatively low and stable in Alabama. Logistic regression analysis indicated that well depth, pH, and cropping activity were factors of statistical significance in influencing nitrate-N concentration in these wells. Factors such as septic tank use and livestock activities did not show a close link to nitrate-N concentration in wells tested.     

Nutrient loading on subsoils from on-site wastewater effluent, comparing septic tank and secondary treatment systems

The performance of six separate percolation areas was intensively monitored to ascertain the attenuation effects of unsaturated subsoils with respect to on-site wastewater effluent: three sites receiving septic tank effluent, the other three sites receiving secondary treated effluent. The development of a biomat across the percolation areas receiving secondary treated effluent was restricted on these sites compared to those sites receiving septic tank effluent and this created significant differences in terms of the potential nitrogen loading to groundwater. The average nitrogen loading per capita at 1.0 m depth of unsaturated subsoil equated to 3.9 g total-N/d for the sites receiving secondary treated effluent, compared to 2.1 g total-N/d for the sites receiving septic tank effluent. Relatively high nitrogen loading was, however, found on the septic tank sites discharging effluent into highly permeable subsoil that counteracted any significant denitrification. Phosphorus removal was generally very good on all of the sites although a clear relationship to the soil mineralogy was determined.     

Mathematical model for predicting sludge accumulation in septic tanks based on operational parameters: effect of hydraulic mixing

Reporting sludge accumulation in septic tanks as a constant rate is no longer accepted, and there is a need for a model that predicts sludge accumulation in septic tanks taking into consideration the continuous consumption of sewage solids by microorganisms. This study presents the development of mathematical model that predicts sludge accumulation in septic tanks and to investigate the effect of mixing on solids digestion. The mathematical model takes into consideration the effect of different operational parameters (influent and effluent) as well as the bacterial kinetics in predicting the sludge accumulation in septic tanks. The model predicts with R² > 0.88 the sludge accumulation rate in standard septic tank calculated by empirical models developed by Weibel in 1955, and by Bounds in 1995. The model was also used to estimate the typical pump‐out interval for different tank volumes and the sludge accumulation inside septic tanks at different operational parameters.     

地埋式污水处理池与传统化粪池使用效果分析

对传统化粪池与地埋式污水处理池进行了分析对比,阐述了地埋式污水处理池的设计优点,指出经过各级部门的有力推广,地埋式污水处理池会创造化粪池的革命新时代。     

Water Quality Changes in a Septic Tank Effluent Discharged to the Chalk

B ucket-type samplers were installed in the unsaturated zone to intercept septic tank effluent descending through the Chalf at Snowdown, Kent. Better than 90 per cent removal of BOD and COD, and of the order of 99 per cent removal of coiform bacteria, were observed after downward percolation through 2.1 m of Chalk. Nitrification of ammonia had begun at that depth, but not at intermediate depth. The results, though limited, suggest that septic tank effluent is purified in the Chalk in a similar way to settled sewage.