Interface for Voice Input and Output to the Transputer System

This paper describes the design and experiments of an interface and occam control program for the telephone setconnection to the transputer system.     

Nonlinear input/output modelling

This paper gives a highly abbreviated overview of some of the key issues in empirical nonlinear modelling for chemical process applications. This task is complicated by the inherent nature of nonlinearity: the term describes a class of systems by the one feature they lack. In fact, this division — linear vs. nonlinear — suggests a ‘unity’ or ‘homogeneity’ of the class of nonlinear systems that does not exist. Consequently, this review will focus on specific sub-classes of nonlinear models that have analytically useful structural characteristics, and comparisons will be made both between these classes and with the more familiar linear models. Length limitations restrict these discussions somewhat, but it is hoped that the range of examples will be great enough to demonstrate how nonlinear model identification is both similar to and different from linear model indentification. The general conclusion of this paper is that nonlinear input/output modelling is a vitally important practical art with many unresolved issues; the principal objective of this paper is to elucidate some of these issues.     

Recursive system identification method from binary input/output measurements

This paper presents two online identification algorithms of finite impulse response (FIR) systems using binary measurements both on the input and on the output. These algorithms are based on the least mean square (LMS) technique and on the estimation of the correlation functions of the input and output from binary data. Note that the second algorithm is a simplified version of the first one in the case of a white noise on the input. The convergence and variance analyses are provided. A numerical example is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.     

Robust synchronization of linear multi-agent system with input/output constraints

This paper is concerned with distributed cooperative control of linear uncertain agents with constraints on the amplitudes of inputs and outputs. We derive a condition for achieving both state synchronization and input/output constraints in the presence of norm-bounded uncertainties in the agent models. We develop a synthesis method of the robustly synchronizing state feedback gain in terms of linear matrix inequalities based on the notion of positively invariant sets. The desired feedback gain can be efficiently obtained by solving a certain convex programming whose size is independent of the number of agents.     

Decentralized adaptive output feedback control via input/output inversion

A decentralized adaptive output feedback control design method is presented for control of large-scale interconnected systems. It is assumed that all the controllers share prior information about the subsystem reference models. Based on that information, a linear dynamic output feedback compensator and linearly parameterized neural network (NN) are introduced for each subsystem to partially cancel the effect of the interconnections on the tracking performance. Boundedness of error signals is shown through Lyapunov's direct method.     

Data input by voice

A summary of the major advantages and disadvantages of data entry to computers by voice, with consideration given to the current state of the technology is presented. The results of industrial experience on short term input capabilities of a particular system are reported. Finally, the results of productive use on a computerized system are described.     

Interaction styles and input/output devices

Abstract

We describe the Smalltalk Gurus, components of the MoleHill intelligent tutoring system for Smalltalk programming. The Gurus offer help on plans for achieving goals in the Smalltalk environment, as well as remediation for students' incorrect and less-than-optimal plans. The Gurus' assistance is provided via the multimodal media of animation and voice-over audio. MoleHill employs multiple Gurus to deliver advice and instruction concerning disparate information domains, thus facilitating learners' cognitive organization and assimilation of new knowledge and information. We have labelled the approach instantiated by the Smalltalk Gurus the guru instructional model, one which is generally applicable to computer-based advisory systems.     

Multi-stability in monotone input/output systems

This paper studies the emergence of multi-stability and hysteresis in those systems that arise, under positive feedback, starting from monotone systems with well-defined steady-state responses. Such feedback configurations appear routinely in several fields of application, and especially in biology. Characterizations of global stability behavior are stated in terms of easily checkable graphical conditions.     

Computer voice output technology

Speech as a means of feedback from computer-based machines is now a reality. In particular, single chip speech synthesis devices and microprocessors have now made it possible to incorporate speaking modules into microsystems and many consumer products. This paper reviews developments in the computer voice output technology and guides system designers in the choice of components for talking modules. General design considerations are also outlined.     

Voice input/output in inspection data entry

Today's voice technology can provide voice input/output systems that can be used effectively in the factory. This will happen only if the proper technology is connected to suitable applications. Discrete word-dependent speaker recognition in inspection data entry is one such combination.     

Canonical forms for bilinear input/output maps

In an earlier paper [1], necessary and sufficient conditions were obtained for a state-space realization of a bilinear inout/output map to be quasi-reachable and observable, and procedures were introduced for reducing any realization not of this type to one which is. In rids paper, it is shown that any two such quasi-reachable and observable (or canonical) realizations are isomorphic, and using this result, it is possible to generate canonical forms for these realizations by means of complete sets of independent invariants.     

PLC输入输出端的硬件保护

可编程控制器作为新一代的工业控制装置 ,通常其本身具有较完善的保护功能 ,但如果现场环境过于恶劣 ,如供电不稳、灰尘大等 ,很容易造成输入输出点的损坏 ,或者因输出端驱动的负载而产生干扰 ,影响PLC控制系统的正常工作。为此 ,在PLC输入输出端采取硬件保护措施是十分必要的。(1)输入端的保护PLC输入端最有效的保护方法是外加一级光电耦合器 ,一旦有高压电压等侵入回路时 ,使其击穿保护级光耦 ,然后像更换熔断器一样方便地更换损坏了的光耦 ,及时排除故障。增加的保护级光耦可选用 4N2 5型。对于开关频率高的场合 ,可选用TIL110型。…     

Optimal input/output reduction in production processes

While conventional Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) models set targets for each operational unit, this paper considers the problem of input/output reduction in a centralized decision making environment. The purpose of this paper is to develop an approach to input/output reduction problem that typically occurs in organizations with a centralized decision-making environment. This paper shows that DEA can make an important contribution to this problem and discusses how DEA-based model can be used to determine an optimal input/output reduction plan. An application in banking sector with limitation in IT investment shows the usefulness of the proposed method.     

The input/output complexity of transitive closure

Suppose a directed graph has its arcs stored in secondary memory, and we wish to compute its transitive closure, also storing the result in secondary memory. We assume that an amount of main memory capable of holdings values is available, and thats lies betweenn, the number of nodes of the graph, ande, the number of arcs. The cost measure we use for algorithms is theI/O complexity of Kung and Hong, where we count 1 every time a value is moved into main memory from secondary memory, or vice versa.In the dense case, wheree is close ton ², we show that I/O equal toO(n ³/s) is sufficient to compute the transitive closure of ann-node graph, using main memory of sizes. Moreover, it is necessary for any algorithm that is standard, in a sense to be defined precisely in the paper. Roughly, standard means that paths are constructed only by concatenating arcs and previously discovered paths. For the sparse case, we show that I/O equal toO(n ²e/s) is sufficient, although the algorithm we propose meets our definition of standard only if the underlying graph is acyclic. We also show that(n ²e/s) is necessary for any standard algorithm in the sparse case. That settles the I/O complexity of the sparse/acyclic case, for standard algorithms. It is unknown whether this complexity can be achieved in the sparse, cyclic case, by a standard algorithm, and it is unknown whether the bound can be beaten by nonstandard algorithms.We then consider a special kind of standard algorithm, in which paths are constructed only by concatenating arcs and old paths, never by concatenating two old paths. This restriction seems essential if we are to take advantage of sparseness. Unfortunately, we show that almost another factor ofn I/O is necessary. That is, there is an algorithm in this class using I/OO(n ³e/s) for arbitrary sparse graphs, including cyclic ones. Moreover, every algorithm in the restricted class must use(n ³e/s/log³ n) I/O, on some cyclic graphs.The work of this author was partially supported by NSF grant IRI-87-22886, IBM contract 476816, Air Force grant AFOSR-88-0266 and a Guggenheim fellowship.     

多通道光纤振动传感器系统

介绍了一种多通道光纤振动传感器的原理和设计,它使用悬臂梁来遮挡反射回光纤的光，用光强度调制来实现振动信号的测量。这种传感探头只需一根光纤引出，紧凑小巧，易于安装调试。详细地介绍了系统的设计和制作方法。     

PIPORS: a parallel input parallel output register switching system

In order to make data exchange speed fast enough for supporting the current communication systems or networks, a high speed switching system with low transmission delay and low data loss is required. Many researchers used statistical time division multiplexing techniques to design the switching system for achieving a higher throughput. In such switching systems with n input/output ports, the internal execution speed must be n times faster than the speed of the system with single input/output port. This designing philosophy is really not an appropriate way as the demand trend for higher speed system in the future.For improving the drawbacks of the switching system mentioned above, a novel, revolutionary architecture of a Parallel Input Parallel Output Register Switching System (PIPORS) is proposed in this paper. The PIPORS is based on the interconnection of the small distributed Shared Memory Modules (SMM) and the Shift Register Switch Array (SRSA). This construction will accelerate the switching speed. In addition, the number of input/output ports of the system can easily be extended for providing a higher capacity to respond to the trend of fast increasing amount of data transferred in the system. Three simple methods to extend the input/output ports and the capacity of the internal memory are presented.For evaluating the performance of the proposed system, we made some performance comparisons among our PIPORS and Central Shared Memory Switching System (CSMS) with respect to the amount of total memory required, data loss probability, transmission delay and switching performance. It shows that a better performance can be achieved in our PIPORS.