贵州二叠系“大厂式”锑矿控矿规律与成矿模式

文章以晴隆锑矿大量的勘查报告与研究成果为基础,通过整理与综合分析成矿背景及矿床(点)地质特征,阐述了贵州二叠系“大厂式”锑矿的成矿地质背景和锑矿床的地质特征,层位控矿、构造控矿、岩性控矿规律及近矿围岩蚀变特征.总结了“大厂式”锑矿的控矿规律:在燕山期形成的碧痕营穹状构造,把先期形成的龙潭组与梁山组,经再次褶皱和蚀变成“大厂层”,最终成矿.建立了大厂锑矿成矿模式图,明确了“大厂层”蚀变带是找矿基础,构造是找矿关键的思路.     

湘中锡矿山矿田稻草湾锑矿床的发现及地质意义

湘中锡矿山锑矿田是世界上已探明最大的锑矿集区。由于其开采时间长、深度大、资源保有量低,急需开展矿田深边部勘查找矿工作。近些年经过勘查在锡矿山矿田北东部新发现稻草湾锑矿床。通过其与锡矿山矿田典型矿床成矿特征对比,发现它们在控矿特征、赋矿地层、围岩蚀变以及矿石组成等方面均一致。同时对稻草湾锑矿床辉锑矿床进行电子探针分析,与锡矿山锑矿床辉锑矿对比,发现二者具有相似的辉锑矿主、微量元素组成。据此,本文提出新发现的稻草湾矿床为锡矿山锑矿田的一部分,认为其可以归属为锡矿山锑矿田的第五大矿床。该矿床的发现也揭示出锡矿山矿田具有良好的深边部找矿潜力。本文认为新发现的稻草湾锑矿床对进一步认识完善锡矿山锑矿田的成矿机制提供了新的方向,同时对指导区域找矿具有重要的意义。     

贵州省三都县高尧锑矿矿化成因及找矿标志

贵州省三都县高尧锑矿处于贵州省雷公山锑矿带,雷公山地区已发现锑矿床(点)多处。本文阐述了高尧锑矿成矿地质背景、矿体地质特征、矿体围岩蚀变特征,对其成因及控矿因素进行了探讨,并对其找矿标志进行了总结。     

陕西蔡凹锑矿构造特征及其对成矿的控制

蔡凹锑矿位于陕豫锑矿带的西段,为矿带中典型的锑矿床。其控矿岩系主要为秦岭群中部雁岭沟组石墨大理岩。区内构造发育。用深变质地层多期变质变形的观点和方法,重点讨论矿区的4期构造组成型式、控矿构造及容矿构造的特征,阐明蔡凹锑矿属典型的构造控矿类型。     

河南大河沟—掌耳沟锑矿田地质特征及找矿潜力初评

大河沟—掌耳沟锑矿田位于我国重要锑成矿带之一的东秦岭北锑—汞矿带的东部。迄今为止,矿田内已发现中型锑矿床1个,小型锑矿床3个,锑矿点9个。作者在收集矿田以往勘查和科研资料成果的基础上,对成矿地质背景、矿床地质特征、地层的含矿性、硫同位素特征、矿物包裹体特征以及成矿环境等进行了分析,发现成矿受地层和构造双重控制作用明显,矿床(点)均产于古元古界秦岭群雁岭沟组中,矿体的分布严格受朱阳关—夏馆深大断裂及次一级构造的控制。因此,矿床的成因可归纳为与低温热液有关的层控矿床,即多成因—多阶段复合成因的层控矿床,具有广阔和良好的找矿前景。     

新疆卡拉玛铜矿床成矿特征及找矿预测

通过对矿床矿化特征及控矿因素的研究，表明卡拉玛铜矿床属沉积热液改造型层控矿床。本文在总结成矿规律的基础上，对找矿靶位进行了预测。     

锡矿山锑矿田北倾伏端重要找矿突破及地质特征新认识

锡矿山锑矿田是世界级的超大型矿床,由北往南,由稻草湾、老矿山、童家院、物华、飞水岩五个矿床组成。以往工作的重点放在飞水岩矿床,对矿田北倾伏端Ⅳ号矿体未开展系统研究工作,导致对含矿层位及矿体屏蔽层的认识不足。近年施工的钻孔在北倾伏端——老矿山矿床取得重要突破,首次揭露了赋存于佘田桥组龙口冲砂岩段与棋梓桥组灰岩层间破碎带内富、厚的Ⅳ号工业矿体。通过详细的钻探地质编录、镜下鉴定、岩矿测试等工作,对Ⅳ号矿体含矿层位沉积相及矿体顶部的屏蔽层开展研究,对主要控矿构造产出特征及控矿关系展开讨论,表明Ⅳ号矿体严格受层位及断裂控制,对明确矿田北倾伏端下一步找矿方向有重要指导意义。     

四川蘑菇山矿区控矿构造特征及构造控矿模式

层间破碎带和断裂构造是蘑菇山矿区最为重要的控矿因素,直接控制着矿床(体)的产出及空间分布.不同级别、不同性质及不同规模的断裂构造对矿床的控制具有明显的差异.通过控矿断裂构造特征研究进而揭示矿区构造控矿规律,对矿床深部找矿前景评价有重要意义.     

河南王庄锑矿床地质特征及构造控矿规律

位于东秦岭北锑-汞矿带上的王庄锑矿床,成矿严格受双槐树构造带控制。本文通过对该矿床的地质特征、控矿构造、矿体赋存部位等综合研究,发现工业锑矿体在双槐树构造带中分布有一定规律性,可分为带内构造控岩型、构造角砾岩型、糜棱岩型控矿,该认识对指导深部找矿及构造带内区域找矿预测具有一定的指导意义。     

凡口铅锌矿狮岭深部矿段的控矿规律及其应用

凡口矿狮岭深部的大型铅锌矿床属于沉积改造型层控矿床。分析了层、相、位共同控矿的规律。该控矿规律在生产中可用于指导矿体圈定、生产探矿、研究采矿方法和远景找矿。     

Antimony leaching from polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastic used for bottled drinking water

Antimony is a regulated contaminant that poses both acute and chronic health effects in drinking water. Previous reports suggest that polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastics used for water bottles in Europe and Canada leach antimony, but no studies on bottled water in the United States have previously been conducted. Nine commercially available bottled waters in the southwestern US (Arizona) were purchased and tested for antimony concentrations as well as for potential antimony release by the plastics that compose the bottles. The southwestern US was chosen for the study because of its high consumption of bottled water and elevated temperatures, which could increase antimony leaching from PET plastics. Antimony concentrations in the bottled waters ranged from 0.095 to 0.521 ppb, well below the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) maximum contaminant level (MCL) of 6 ppb. The average concentration was 0.195+/-0.116 ppb at the beginning of the study and 0.226+/-0.160 ppb 3 months later, with no statistical differences; samples were stored at 22 degrees C. However, storage at higher temperatures had a significant effect on the time-dependent release of antimony. The rate of antimony (Sb) release could be fit by a power function model (Sb(t)=Sb 0 x[Time, h]k; k=8.7 x 10(-6)x[Temperature ( degrees C)](2.55); Sb 0 is the initial antimony concentration). For exposure temperatures of 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, and 85 degrees C, the exposure durations necessary to exceed the 6 ppb MCL are 176, 38, 12, 4.7, 2.3, and 1.3 days, respectively. Summertime temperatures inside of cars, garages, and enclosed storage areas can exceed 65 degrees C in Arizona, and thus could promote antimony leaching from PET bottled waters. Microwave digestion revealed that the PET plastic used by one brand contained 213+/-35 mgSb/kg plastic; leaching of all the antimony from this plastic into 0.5L of water in a bottle could result in an antimony concentration of 376 ppb. Clearly, only a small fraction of the antimony in PET plastic bottles is released into the water. Still, the use of alternative types of plastics that do not leach antimony should be considered, especially for climates where exposure to extreme conditions can promote antimony release from PET plastics.     

木利锑矿床成矿物质来源研究

经沉积地球化学、同位素地球化学研究,认为木利锑矿床的梯来源于早泥盆世坡脚沉积物──矿源层,硫来源于生物,成矿热液来源于成岩作用中的压实水和天水。压实水和天水受地热、动力热及有机质变质释放热的作用发生循环,萃取地层中的有用组分,形成了含矿热卤水。     

Comparing polyaluminum chloride and ferric chloride for antimony removal

Antimony has been one of the contaminants required to be regulated, however, only limited information has been collected to date regarding antimony removal by polyaluminium chloride (PACl) and ferric chloride (FC). Accordingly, the possible use of coagulation by PACl or FC for antimony removal was investigated. Jar tests were used to determine the effects of solution pH, coagulant dosage, and pre-chlorination on the removal of various antimony species. Although high-efficiency antimony removal by aluminum coagulation has been expected because antimony is similar to arsenic in that both antimony and arsenic are a kind of metalloid in group V of the periodic chart, this study indicated: (1) removal density (arsenic or antimony removed per mg coagulant) for antimony by PACl was about one forty-fifth as low as observed for As(V); (2) although the removal of both Sb(III) and Sb(V) by coagulation with FC was much higher than that of PACl, a high coagulant dose of 10.5mg of FeL(-1) at optimal pH of 5.0 was still not sufficient to meet the standard antimony level of 2 microg as SbL(-1) for drinking water when around 6 microg as SbL(-1) were initially present. Consequently, investigation of a more appropriate treatment process is necessary to develop economical Sb reduction; (3) although previous studies concluded that As(V) is more effectively removed than As(III), this study showed that the removal of Sb(III) by coagulation with FC was much more pronounced than that of Sb(V); (4) oxidation of Sb(III) with chlorine decreased the ability of FC to remove antimony. Accordingly, natural water containing Sb(III) under anoxic condition should be coagulated without pre-oxidation.     

吸附法处理锑污染水的研究进展

介绍了水解性金属混凝剂、无机矿物、活性炭和有机吸附剂对水溶液中锑的吸附性能,通过比较,指出了活性炭和有机吸附剂具有很好的吸附去除和回收水溶液中锑的应用前景,而无机矿物则更适用于控制环境中锑的行为。     

贵州独山锑矿床成矿物质来源研究

对独山锑矿床的微量元素和稳定同位素以及矿物包裹体的研究表明：含矿层（中下泥盆统）中成矿元素含量很高，构成了重要的矿源层；硫来自含矿层；有机炭在成矿中起了重要作用；成矿流体中的水应主要为大气降水；铅主要来自泥盆系围岩。因此认为，成矿物质应主要来源于地层，矿床的形成是地下水环流热液强改造成矿作用的结果。     

陕西秦岭泥盆系地质成矿环境及找矿

陕西秦岭泥盆系是我国铁、铅、锌、银、金、汞、锑等金属的重要矿产地。泥盆系有利含矿岩相具有东西分区、南北分带的空间展布特征。多期次不同性质断裂呈网络状分布,各种岩浆岩广泛发育。泥盆纪盆地都是伸展性基地,有良好的成矿岩相古地理环境和有利沉积岩相区。本区成矿具多期多元特征,后泥盆纪构造张裂、挤压、脆韧性变形对成矿起了重要作用。在综合分析地质成矿环境的基础上提出了本区进一步找矿方向。     

Natural attenuation processes applying to antimony: A study in the abandoned antimony mine in Goesdorf, Luxembourg

The processes leading to the attenuation of the antimony concentration in the water draining from the abandoned antimony mine in Goesdorf, Luxembourg, have been studied. Antimony has been mined in Goesdorf since Roman times from a stibnite-rich mesothermal vein system hosted in metasedimentary schist. The draining waters have pH values between 7 and 8 because the mineralization itself contains calcite and dolomite. This study combines the identification of minerals in the supergene zone with the application of bulk techniques (e.g., measurement of antimony in the waters of the adit and the creek draining the mine, sediment sequential extractions) over a period of five years. Antimony concentrations in the water that leaves the supergene zone are controlled by the dissolution of stibnite and the subsequent formation of Sb(III) oxides and sulphates. The relative proportions of the main secondary minerals can be qualitatively estimated as follows: 70% valentinite, 15% senarmontite and 12% sulphates (coquandite, klebelsbergite and peretaite). Further antimony attenuation along the adit and the creek that drain the mine waters is due partly to dilution, through mixing with waters that have not been in contact with the ore, and partly to sorption onto amorphous iron and manganese oxides present in the colluvial sediments.