长双歧杆菌BBMN68微胶囊的制备及其应用性评价

长双歧杆菌BBMN68分离自广西巴马长寿老人粪便,已证明其具有双歧杆菌普遍的生理功能。为解决其不耐酸、不耐氧的缺点,本实验采用微胶囊包埋技术,以海藻酸钠、乳清蛋白以及VE为壁材,在氮气体系中采用挤压法包埋该双歧杆菌活菌体制备湿微胶囊和冻干微胶囊。结果表明：海藻酸钠、乳清蛋白和VE质量分数分别为2%、3%和10%条件下制备的湿微胶囊在酸奶中保存21 d仍能保持106 CFU/g以上的活菌数,耐胃酸实验2.0 h时活菌数仍高达3.16×107 CFU/g,肠溶实验中微胶囊在2.0 h实现完全崩解;海藻酸钠和乳清蛋白质量分数为2%和3%,氮气环境下制备的冻干微胶囊通过恒温加速实验测定可在室温条件下贮藏长达75 d。通过微胶囊包埋技术较好地解决了长双歧杆菌BBMN68不耐酸、不耐氧的缺点,同时也提供一种新型有效的补充肠道益生菌的形式。     

双歧杆菌冻干菌粉制备工艺的研究

优化双歧杆菌冻干菌粉的制备工艺及检测冻干菌粉在模拟人体胃肠环境中的耐受性和贮存稳定性,采用3 种方法制备双歧杆菌冻干菌粉。方法1：双歧杆菌在牛奶还原培养基中的扩大培养液加入甘露醇作为保护剂制备冻干菌粉;方法2：双歧杆菌在PTYG 培养基中的扩大培养液经低温离心得到菌泥,向菌泥中加入保护剂甘露醇、增量赋形剂脱脂乳粉制备冻干菌粉;方法3：同方法2 得到菌泥,向其中加入保护剂甘露醇、包埋剂明胶及增量赋形剂脱脂乳粉制备冻干菌粉。由方法2 得到菌粉活菌数较高,为1.31 × 1010CFU/g;经模拟胃肠环境处理后,活菌数仍保持在4.19 × 108CFU/g;对胃酸、胆汁酸具有很高的耐受力。经典加速实验证明由方法2 制备的菌粉室温保存1 年以上活菌数仍保持在107 数量级,具有较好的贮存稳定性。     

两歧双歧杆菌微胶囊化及其性质研究

以明胶、果胶、海藻酸钠、氯化钙和壳聚糖为壁材,采用乳化法双层包埋制备双歧杆菌微胶囊。制备的微胶囊粒径在10～30μm。检测结果表明,微胶囊内活菌数可达到109 CFU/g以上,菌体包埋率可达到82.24%。经模拟胃酸、胆汁酸处理后活菌数仍在108 CFU/g以上,对酸有很高的耐受力;经人工肠液处理15min,微胶囊几乎全部崩解,肠溶释放率可达到95.81%。通过经典的加速实验证明微胶囊的活菌贮藏稳定性较好,室温下贮藏1年其活菌数仍可以保持在108CFU/g以上。     

低聚木糖复配冻干保护剂的优化及其对双歧杆菌微胶囊性能的影响

为提高双歧杆菌在微胶囊制备过程中以及人体胃肠系统中的存活率,本文通过单因素和正交试验确定了低聚木糖复配冻干保护剂的最佳比例,同时考察了保护剂的加入对微胶囊性能的影响。结果表明,保护剂最佳配比为低聚木糖4.0%、甘油2.0%、谷氨酸钠1.0%,由此制备的双歧杆菌微胶囊包埋率和冻干存活率分别为81.5%±0.7%与88.1%±0.3%,与未添加组相比,其最终活菌负载率提高了约21.6%;添加复配保护剂的微胶囊表面更加平整致密,经模拟胃液处理2 h,双歧杆菌存活率为65.9%,相对于对照组提高了约15.3%;在人工肠液中,添加入保护剂的微胶囊的活菌释放量明显高于未添加保护剂组;在4 ℃和25 ℃贮存35 d后,添加复配保护剂的微胶囊活菌量分别为8.1 lg CFU/g和7.0 lg CFU/g,显著高于未添加保护剂的微胶囊(P<0.05)。因此,添加低聚木糖复配的冻干保护剂可以有效提高双歧杆菌微胶囊对不良环境的抗性。     

除氧剂及益生元对双歧杆菌BB01和BB28微胶囊化的影响

以双歧杆菌BB01和BB28为试验菌株,通过单因素试验研究不同浓度的除氧剂及益生元对其微胶囊效果的影响。结果表明:在双歧杆菌BB01微胶囊化的过程中,除氧剂半胱氨酸盐酸盐及异抗坏血酸钠的影响效果更佳,最适加入量分别为0.05%,0.09%,半胱氨酸盐酸盐对应的微胶囊活菌数及包埋率分别为2.2×109 CFU/mL,54%,异抗坏血酸钠对应的分别为2.9×109 CFU/mL,82%。益生元菊糖及低聚果糖对其微胶囊化的过程影响效果更佳,最适加入量分别为3%,5%,菊糖所对应的分别为4.6×109 CFU/mL,80%,低聚果糖所对应的分别为1.7×109 CFU/mL,80%;在双歧杆菌BB28微胶囊化的过程中,除氧剂抗坏血酸钠及异抗坏血酸钠对双歧杆菌的影响效果更佳,最适加入量分别为0.05%,0.03%,抗坏血酸钠所对应的分别为3.9×109 CFU/mL,77%,异抗坏血酸钠所对应的的微胶囊活菌数及包埋率分别为1.7×109 CFU/mL,66%。益生元低聚木糖及低聚果糖对其微胶囊化的包埋效果影响更佳,二者最适加入量均为7%,低聚木糖对应的微胶囊活菌数及包埋率分别为4.9×109 CFU/mL,60%,低聚果糖所对应的微胶囊活菌数及包埋率分别为4.3×109 CFU/mL,80%。     

冻干乳酸双歧杆菌微胶囊的制备及存活性能研究

为了提高双歧杆菌在贮存和消费过程中的菌体存活率,利用冷冻干燥与微囊化结合的方法,将双歧杆菌和高效活菌保护剂一起作为核心物质,采用乳化法制备双歧杆菌微胶囊。通过正交试验,对双歧杆菌冻干过程中加入的保护剂种类及其最佳配比进行了研究。并探讨了双歧杆菌在模拟胃肠道环境以及高渗透压等极端环境条件下的存活能力。结果表明：加入10%菊糖、6%大豆蛋白、12%海藻糖、10%甘露醇可显著提高微囊化双歧杆菌冻干活菌数,使其存活率达到69.2%。较之冻干菌粉,双歧杆菌微囊在模拟胃液、肠液、高胆汁盐以及高渗透压溶液中均具有较好的耐受性。     

动物双歧杆菌冻干保护剂配方优化及酸对菌粉存活率的影响

目的 筛选动物双歧杆菌冻干菌粉保护剂,优化冻干保护剂配方,探究菌悬液制备过程中有机酸积累对菌粉存活率的影响。方法 以菌粉中动物双歧杆菌存活率为指标,通过发酵培养、离心收集菌泥、制备菌悬液、预冻和冷冻干燥的菌粉制备工艺,通过单因素实验和正交实验优化冻干保护剂。根据单因素实验探究冻干前菌悬液制备条件和最适pH。结果 最佳保护剂组合为5.00%麦芽糊精、6.00%海藻糖、0.15%抗坏血酸、1.50%谷氨酸钠、1.00%甘油。通过对菌悬液制备过程中菌粉活菌数的研究确定菌悬液制备和冻干条件,菌悬液pH 6.5,无菌水洗涤2次菌, 4℃菌悬液融合30 min,在-80℃预冻2 h,-40℃下干燥24 h,获得的冻干菌粉活菌数为1.38×10¹² CFU/g,菌粉最高存活率可达98.60%。结论 本研究优化后的保护剂组合可以制备高活性动物双歧杆菌菌粉,提高经济效益。     

海洋寡糖益生菌微胶囊的制备和体外评估及其对动物肠道菌群的调节作用

为解决益生菌不耐低pH值、不耐氧的缺点,采用微胶囊包埋技术,以海藻酸钠为壁材用乳化法制备长双歧杆菌藻酸盐微胶囊。将基础藻酸盐微胶囊外包壳寡糖（chitosan oligosaccharides,COS）或在藻酸盐壁材中添加藻酸盐寡糖（alginate oligosaccharides,AOS）分别制备两种海洋寡糖微胶囊：COS-微胶囊和AOS-COS-微胶囊。体外实验表明：两种海洋寡糖微胶囊均可以显著提高长双歧杆菌在模拟消化液处理后或在4 ℃贮藏期内的存活率。AOS-COS-微胶囊在模拟胃液处理后仍能保持106 CFU/g以上的活菌数。在连续的模拟消化液处理后,AOS-COS-微胶囊中的活菌量达到基础微胶囊中的约1 000 倍。两种海洋寡糖微胶囊在4 ℃贮藏28 d后仍均能保持108 CFU/g以上的活菌数。体内实验表明：相比较未包埋的长双歧杆菌或基础微胶囊,海洋寡糖微胶囊可以显著提高动物肠道菌群中益生菌的含量,同时降低条件致病菌的含量,具有最佳的调节肠道菌群效果。因此,海洋寡糖益生菌微胶囊产品将是一种有巨大应用前景的新型功能性益生菌食品。     

双歧杆菌优良菌株的筛选及耐消化道逆环境性能

以改良MRS培养基作为选择性培养基,初筛得75 株严格厌氧且菌落呈蓝色的双歧杆菌疑似菌株。在pH3.0和含3.0 mg/mL胆盐的改良MRS培养基中培养20 h,得到吸光度较高的11 株,并选出耐酸耐胆盐较好的NCU712、NCU701、NCU708进行生理生化鉴定,NCU712基本符合长双歧杆菌的特征。经16S rDNA分子生物学鉴定菌株NCU712为长双歧杆菌。并在模拟人体消化道逆环境下对菌株NCU712的耐受力进行初步研究。结果表明：在pH 3.5以上的人工胃液中,NCU712活菌数随着作用时间的延长而略有上升;pH 2.5时菌株NCU712的D值为30.42 min;pH 3.0时D值为92.97 min,作用2.5 h活菌数保持在107 CFU/mL以上;人工肠液作用4.0 h后,活菌数保持在108 CFU/mL以上;3.0 mg/mL胆盐中培养24 h后,活菌数下降1（lg（CFU/mL））。说明NCU712对人体胃肠道耐受性良好。     

直投式酸奶发酵剂的研制

直投式酸奶发酵剂是新型工业化生产菌种,其活菌数高,使用简单。以嗜热链球菌和保加利亚乳杆菌为菌种,通过筛选最佳缓冲剂、营养因子及优化冷冻干燥保护剂配方,对直投式酸奶发酵剂加工酸奶过程中活菌数指标进行研究。结果表明,当缓冲剂Ⅱ体积分数为2%,营养因子为2%番茄汁、6%胡萝卜汁、8%马铃薯汁,冷冻干燥保护剂为20 mL/L甘油、8 g/L葡萄糖、20 g/L抗坏血酸时,制备出的直投式酸奶发酵剂,0 d时活菌数为4.22×10~9 CFU/mL,7 d时活菌数为2.73×10~9 CFU/mL,30 d时活菌数为6.57×10~8 CFU/mL,90 d时活菌数为3.69×10~8 CFU/mL。该发酵剂制作的酸奶,凝乳时间为4 h,21 d时活菌数为(4.11±0.05)×10~7 CFU/mL,品质较好,所得到的冻干型直投式菌种适用于酸奶的开发。     

Survival of probiotic bacteria nanoencapsulated within biopolymers in a simulated gastrointestinal model

The objective of this work was to fabricate electrospun nanofiber mats (nano-scale in diameter) using a combination of corn starch (CS) and sodium alginate (SA) and encapsulate probiotic strains of lactobacilli (Lactobacillus acidophilus (LA5) and Lactobacillus rhamnosus 23,527 LGG) and bifidobacteria (Bifidobacterium bifidum and Bifidobacterium animalis) to improve their survival in simulated gastrointestinal fluids. The viability of the lactobacilli and bifidobacteria (determined using plate count method) after electrospinning was 94.1% and 89.4% of the initial population. Upon exposure to in vitro condition of gastric fluid (HCl and pepsin, at 37 °C), the population (starting level of 9 log CFU/mL) of nanoencapsulated lactobacilli and bifidobacteria decreased only by 1.58 and 1.03 log CFU at 120 min. Treated with in vitro prepared intestinal fluid (dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, sodium hydroxide, bovine bile salt, and trypsin) no cell was detected at 30 min and the number of coated lactobacilli and bifidobacteria decreased by 2.90 and 2.23 log CFU at 120 min in comparison to nonencapsulated control. After 180-min exposure to simulated gastrointestinal fluid, population of encapsulated lactobacilli and bifidobacteria decreased by 3.02 and 2.55 log CFU at 180 min. The viability of the probiotic bacteria in simulated gastrointestinal conditions was enhanced significantly (81–100% of the initial population) by nanoencapsulation within nanofiber mats of CS/SA.     

An Improved Method of Microencapsulation of Probiotic Bacteria for Their Stability in Acidic and Bile Conditions during Storage

ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study was to develop a method for applying an extra coating of palm oil and poly‐L‐lysine (POPL) to alginate (ALG) microcapsules to enhance the survival of probiotic bacteria. Eight strains of probiotic bacteria including Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Bifidobacterium longum, L. salivarius, L. plantarum, L. acidophilus, L. paracasei, B. lactis type Bl‐O4, and B. lactis type Bi‐07 were encapsulated using alginate alone or alginate with POPL. Electron microscopy was used to measure the size of the microcapsules and to determine their surface texture. To assess if the addition of POPL improved the viability of probiotic bacteria in acidic conditions, both ALG and POPL microcapsules were inoculated into pH 2.0 MRS broths and their viability was assessed over a 2‐h incubation period. Two bile salts including oxgall bile salt and taurocholic acid were used to test the bile tolerance of probiotic bacteria entrapped in ALG and POPL microcapsules. To assess the porosity and the ability of the microcapsule to hold small molecules in an aqueous environment a water‐soluble fluorescent dye, 6‐carboxyflourescin (6 FAM), was encapsulated and its release was monitored using a UV spectrophotometer. The results indicated that coating the microcapsules with POPL increased the overall size of the capsules by an average of 3 μm ± 0.67. However, microcapsules with added POPL had a much smoother surface texture when examined under an electron microscope. The results also indicated that the addition of POPL to microcapsules improved the average viability of probiotic bacteria by > 1 log CFU/mL when compared to ALG microcapsules at 2 h of exposure to acidic conditions. However, similar plate counts were observed between ALG and POPL microcapsules when exposed to bile salts. This suggests that an extra coating of POPL could be readily broken down by bile salts that are commonly found in the lower gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Upon testing the porosity of the microcapsules, findings suggest that POPL microcapsules were less porous and hold 52.2% more fluorescent dye over a 6‐wk storage period.     

Optimization of Incorporated Prebiotics as Coating Materials for Probiotic Microencapsulation

ABSTRACT: The purpose of this research was to improve probiotic microencapsulation using prebiotics and modern optimization techniques to determine optimal processing conditions, performance, and survival rates. Prebiotics (fructooligosaccharides or isomaltooligosaccharides), growth promoter (peptide), and sodium algi-nate were incorporated as coating materials to microencapsulate 4 probiotics ( Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lacto-bacillus casei, Bifidobacterium bifidum , and Bifidobacterium longum ). The proportion of the prebiotics, peptide, and sodium alginate was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) to 1st construct a surface model, with sequential quadratic programming (SQP) subsequently adopted to optimize the model and evaluate the survival of microencapsulated probiotics under simulated gastric fluid test. Optimization results indicated that 1% sodium alginate mixed with 1% peptide and 3% fructooligosaccharides as coating materials would produce the highest survival in terms of probiotic count. The verification experiment yielded a result close to the predicted values, with no significant difference ( P > 0.05). The storage results also demonstrated that addition of prebiotics in the walls of probiotic microcapsules provided improved protection for the active organisms. These probiotic counts remained at 10⁶ to 10⁷ colony-forming units (CFU)/g for microcapsules stored for 1 mo and then treated in simulated gastric fluid test and bile salt test.     

Effect of Various Encapsulating Materials on the Stability of Probiotic Bacteria

ABSTRACT:  Ten probiotic bacteria, including Lactobacillus rhamnosus , Bifidobacterium longum , L. salivarius , L. plantarum , L. acidophilus , L. paracasei , B. lactis type Bl-04, B. lactis type Bi-07, HOWARU L. rhamnosus , and HOWARU B. bifidum , were encapsulated in various coating materials, namely alginate, guar gum, xanthan gum, locust bean gum, and carrageenan gum. The various encapsulated probiotic bacteria were studied for their acid and bile tolerance. Free probiotic organisms were used as a control. The acid tolerance of probiotic organisms was tested at pH 2 over a 2-h incubation period. Bile tolerance was tested with taurocholic acid over an 8-h incubation period. The permeability of the capsules was also examined using a water-soluble dye, 6-carboxyflourescin (6-CF). The permeability was monitored by measuring the amount of 6-CF released from the capsules during a 2-w storage period. Results indicated that probiotic bacteria encapsulated in alginate, xanthan gum, and carrageenan gum survived better ( P < 0.05) than free probiotic bacteria, under acidic conditions. When free probiotic bacteria were exposed to taurocholic acid, viability was reduced by 6.36 log CFU/mL, whereas only 3.63, 3.27, and 4.12 log CFU/mL was lost in probiotic organisms encapsulated in alginate, xanthan gum, and carrageenan gum, respectively. All encapsulating materials tested released small amounts of 6-CF; however, alginate and xanthan gum retained 22.1% and 18.6% more fluorescent dye than guar gum. In general, microcapsules made of alginate, xanthan gum, and carrageenan gum greatly improved the survival of probiotic bacteria when exposed to acidic conditions and bile salts.     

植物乳杆菌CICC 20270微胶囊的制备及其特性

以植物乳杆菌CICC 20270(Lactobacillus plantarum)及椰子油/玉米油为芯材,添加到以葡萄糖值即DE值分别为25、18糖浆为壁材的乳状液中,通过喷雾干燥法制备益生菌微胶囊,考察微胶囊的菌细胞存活率、表面结构、耐热性、储藏稳定性及在模拟胃肠液中的菌细胞存活率情况。结果表明:制得的微胶囊中植物乳杆菌存活率均在90%以上。在55℃热处理条件下,各微胶囊菌活无显著性差异(p>0.05);65℃处理1、10 min后,活菌数最低的分别是DE25/椰子油和DE18/椰子油微胶囊,存活率为75.66%、49.82%;75℃热处理1、10 min后,DE18/椰子油微胶囊中活菌数均最低,存活率分别为38.40%、15.08%。在4、25、37℃储藏条件下,玉米油微胶囊储藏性质较椰子油更为稳定,活菌数更高;而在33%、52%、75%湿度条件下,糖浆的DE值不同比油脂对益生菌的存活率影响更大,且DE25糖浆给益生菌提供了更好的保护效果。在6 h体外模拟消化中,DE25糖浆/椰子油微胶囊整个过程活菌数只下降了3.88 lg CFU/g。因此,DE25糖浆更适作为益生菌壁材;添加玉米油后使得微胶囊具有更好的耐热性;而添加椰子油更有利于提高微胶囊在模拟胃肠液中的菌活数。     

Development and characterization of probiotic (co)encapsulates in biopolymeric matrices and evaluation of survival in a millet yogurt formulation

The formulation of probiotics-enriched products still remains a challenge for the food industry due to the loss of viability, mainly occurring upon consumption and during storage. To tackle this challenge, the current study investigated the potential of using sodium alginate and inulin (SIN) in combination with various encapsulating materials such as skim milk (SKIM), whey protein concentrate (WPC), soy protein concentrate (SPC), and flaxseed oil (FS) to increase the viability of Lactobacillus casei upon freeze-drying, under simulated gastrointestinal conditions, during 28 days of storage at 4°C, and in a formulation of millet yogurt. Microstructural properties of microcapsules and co-microcapsules by SEM, oxidative stability of flaxseed oil in co-microcapsules, and physicochemical and sensory analysis of the product were performed. The produced microcapsules (SIN-PRO-SKIM, SIN-PRO-WP, and SIN-PRO-SP) and co-microcapsules (SIN-PRO-FS-SKIM, SIN-PRO-FS-WP, and SIN-PRO-FS-SP) had a high encapsulation rate >90%. Moreover, encapsulated and co-encapsulated strains exhibited a high in vitro viability accounting for 9.24 log10 CFU/g (SIN-PRO-SKIM), 8.96 log10 CFU/g (SIN-PRO-WP), and 8.74 log10 CFU/g (SIN-PRO-SP) for encapsulated and 10.08 log10 CFU/g (SIN-PRO-FS-SKIM), 10.03 log10 CFU/g (SIN-PRO-FS-WP), and 10.14 log10 CFU/g (SIN-PRO-FS-SP) for co-encapsulated. Moreover, encapsulated and co-encapsulated cells showed higher survival upon storage than free cells. Also, the SEM analysis showed spherical particles of 77.92–230.13 µm in size. The physicochemical and sensory analysis revealed an interesting nutritional content in the millet yogurt. The results indicate that the SIN matrix has significant promise as probiotic encapsulating material as it may provide efficient cell protection while also providing considerable physicochemical and nutritional benefits in functional foods.     

Acid, bile, and heat tolerance of free and microencapsulated probiotic bacteria

ABSTRACT:  Eight strains of probiotic bacteria, including Lactobacillus rhamnosus , Bifidobacterium longum, L. salivarius, L. plantarum , L. acidophilus , L. paracasei , B. lactis type Bl-O4, and B. lactis type Bi-07, were studied for their acid, bile, and heat tolerance. Microencapsulation in alginate matrix was used to enhance survival of the bacteria in acid and bile as well as a brief exposure to heat. Free probiotic organisms were used as a control. The acid tolerance of probiotic organisms was tested using HCl in MRS broth over a 2-h incubation period. Bile tolerance was tested using 2 types of bile salts, oxgall and taurocholic acid, over an 8-h incubation period. Heat tolerance was tested by exposing the probiotic organisms to 65 °C for up to 1 h. Results indicated microencapsulated probiotic bacteria survived better ( P < 0.05) than free probiotic bacteria in MRS containing HCl. When free probiotic bacteria were exposed to oxgall, viability was reduced by 6.51-log CFU/mL, whereas only 3.36-log CFU/mL was lost in microencapsulated strains. At 30 min of heat treatment, microencapsulated probiotic bacteria survived with an average loss of only 4.17-log CFU/mL, compared to 6.74-log CFU/mL loss with free probiotic bacteria. However, after 1 h of heating both free and microencapsulated probiotic strains showed similar losses in viability. Overall microencapsulation improved the survival of probiotic bacteria when exposed to acidic conditions, bile salts, and mild heat treatment.     

Improving the Stability of Probiotic Bacteria in Model Fruit Juices Using Vitamins and Antioxidants

Abstract: This study examined the survival of probiotic bacteria in a model fruit juice system. Three different strains of probiotic bacteria were used in this study: HOWARU Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001, HOWARU Bifidobacterium lactis HN001, and Lactobacillus paracasei LPC 37. The probiotic bacteria were inoculated into model juice with various vitamins and antioxidants, namely white grape seed extract, green tea extract, vitamin B2, vitamin B3, vitamin B6, vitamin C, and vitamin E. The model juice without any additives was used as a control. Their viability was assessed on a weekly basis using plate count method. The model juice was made with sucrose, sodium citrate, citric acid powder, and distilled water and was pasteurized before use. Our findings showed that probiotic bacteria did not survive well in the harsh environment of the model fruit juice. However, the model juice containing vitamin C, grape extract, and green tea extract showed better survival of probiotic bacteria. The model juice containing grape seed extract, green tea extract, and vitamin C had the same initial population of 8.32 log CFU/mL, and at the end of the 6-wk storage period it had an average viability of 4.29 log CFU/mL, 7.41 log CFU/mL, and 6.44 log CFU/mL, respectively. Juices containing all other ingredients tested had viable counts of <10 CFU/mL at the end of the 6-wk storage period.     

基于孢粉素微胶囊的共包埋、保护及递送益生菌和乳糖酶的体系

研究旨在开发基于天然植物微胶囊的核壳结构载体,作为益生菌和乳糖酶的递送及保护体系。该核壳结构的孢粉素外壁胶囊(sporopollenin exine capsules,SECs)为核,海藻酸钙(Ca-alginate,Ca-Alg)/羧甲基茯苓多糖(carboxymethylpachymaran,CMP)凝胶为壳,对益生菌的负载量高达9.63×10⁹ CFU/g,乳糖酶活力保留率高达80.72%。在Ca-Alg/CMP壳中,CMP引入可以改变凝胶壳层对水的结合能力,从而改变其溶胀行为和微观结构,借此影响体系中益生菌和乳糖酶的释放行为。结果表明,引入CMP可使Ca-Alg/CMP凝胶包裹的负载益生菌及乳糖酶的SECs在胃肠道中表现出更加优异的稳定性：在模拟消化600 min后,活菌数超过10⁷ CFU/mL,酶活力保留率约为62%。相比于纯菌液和纯酶液,该体系可减少冻干和贮存处理后菌数和酶活力损失率(P<0.05)。最后,利用甲基纤维素对核壳结构进行二次包埋,可提高体系中益生菌和乳糖酶的热稳定性(P<0.05)。