亲水液相色谱-串联质谱法测定羊肌肉组织中安乃近代谢物的残留量

建立了羊肌肉组织中安乃近4 种主要代谢物--4-甲氨基安替比林、4-氨基安替比林、4-甲酰氨基安替比林和4-乙酰氨基安替比林的亲水液相色谱-串联质谱分析方法。肌肉样品均质后,用体积分数为5%的氨水乙腈提取,提取液用Cleanert PSA初步净化,60 ℃氮气吹干,乙腈复溶后过MAX（SPE）柱净化,采用亲水液相色谱-串联质谱测定,4 种物质均采用外标法定量。结果显示：4-甲氨基安替比林、4-甲酰氨基安替比林和4-乙酰氨基安替比林在添加量为4～200 μg/kg范围内线性良好;4-氨基安替比林在添加量为40～2 000 μg/kg范围内线性良好。在5、50、100、1 000 μg/kg 4 个添加量,回收率在75.02%～116.2%范围内。日内变异系数为1.63%～15.12%（n=5）,日间变异系数均小于11%（n=15）。4-甲氨基安替比林、4-甲酰氨基安替比林和4-乙酰氨基安替比林的检测限均为0.5 μg/kg,4-氨基安替比林的检测限为5 μg/kg。该方法灵敏度高、重复性好,适用于羊肌肉组织中安乃近4 种主要代谢物的大批量样品检测。     

牛奶中4 种安乃近代谢物的液相色谱-串联质谱分析

建立了牛奶中4 种安乃近代谢物-- 4- 甲酰氨基安替比林、4- 乙酰氨基安替比林、4- 氨基安替比林和4- 甲基氨基安替比林的液相色谱- 串连质谱(LC-M/MS)测定法。样品加入TRIS 缓冲溶液后用乙腈提取,提取液经乙腈饱和过的正己烷脱脂净化,采用LC-MS/MS 电喷雾正离子(ESI+)、多反应监测(MRM)模式检测,4- 乙酰氨基安替比林、4- 甲酰氨基安替比林和4- 氨基安替比林采用外标法定量,4- 甲基氨基安替比林采用内标法进行定量。4- 甲酰氨基安替比林的检出限为0.24μg/kg,4- 氨基安替比林的检出限为0.59μg/kg,4- 乙酰氨基安替比林的检出限为0.20μg/kg,4- 甲基氨基安替比林的检出限则为0.61μg/kg。在添加量5～20μg/kg 范围内,4 种安乃近的回收率在80.4%～97.9% 范围内,相对标准偏差(RSD)均小于9%。     

UPLC-MS/MS测定羊奶和羊奶粉中安乃近残留量

建立超高效液相色谱-质谱联用法测定羊奶和羊奶粉中安乃近(4-氨基安替比林、4-甲酰氨基安替比林、4-乙酰氨基安替比林和4-甲基氨基安替比林)残留量的分析方法。样品经乙腈提取,氮吹浓缩,以甲酸水和甲酸乙腈作为流动相,通过超高效液相色谱,采用ESI正离子模式多反应监测, 4-氨基安替比林、4-甲酰氨基安替比林、4-乙酰氨基安替比林用外标法定量, 4-甲基氨基安替比林用同位素内标定量。4-氨基安替比林在0～99.1μg/L范围内,其他3个化合物在0～99.9μg/L范围内的线性关系良好,相关系数R2均大于0.995。4-氨基安替比林、4-甲酰氨基安替比林、4-乙酰氨基安替比林和4-甲基氨基安替比林的定量限分别为2.8, 3.9, 0.088和1.4μg/kg。当羊奶加标水平约5, 10, 20和50μg/kg,羊奶粉约40, 80, 160和400μg/kg时,回收率为83.6%～100.2%,方法的精密度相对标准偏差为0.3%～6.5%(n=6)。该方法灵敏、准确,能够快速、有效检测羊奶和羊奶粉中安乃近残留量,可用于日常风险监测和市场监管。     

4-氨基安替比林法测环棱螺体内酚含量的研究

为了考察酚类污染物在底栖生物体内富集情况,选择五处有代表性的环棱螺样品,应用4-氨基安替比林法测定了样品中肌肉和内脏组织的苯酚含量,并检验了该法精确度和准确度。结果显示,4-AAP法检测环棱螺体内含酚量具有较好的效果,样品苯酚含量与环境相关,肌肉和内脏组织的苯酚含量有差别。同时考察清水饲养时间与环棱螺苯酚含量的关系。     

直接蒸馏/4-氨基安替比林法检测淡水鱼体内挥发酚的含量

确定对淡水鱼中挥发酚进行提取、检测的最优条件,并得出一种能准确检测鱼体中挥发酚含量的可靠方法。采用蒸馏水代替无酚水,用硬脂酸做消泡剂,采用100g/LNaOH溶液固定鱼样品中的挥发酚,用硫酸酸化再用直接蒸馏法提取鱼体中挥发酚,并用4-氨基安替比林染色法检测鱼体中挥发酚。结果表明:本方法的线性范围为0.002～6mg/L,检出限为0.05mg/kg,回收率为98.4%～107.0%。与传统检测方法比较,该方法操作简便、省时节能,适于推广。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱测定鸡蛋中灭蝇胺残留量的方法探讨

目的：建立高效液相色谱-串联质谱测定鸡蛋中灭蝇胺杀虫剂残留量的检测方法。方法：样品以0.1%(v/v)的甲酸水为提取液,经超声振荡提取后,加入乙腈沉淀蛋白,混匀,以10000 r/min(4 ℃)离心10 min。取上清液经MCX固相萃取柱净化后,收集淋洗液于15 mL离心管中,在50 ℃水浴下氮吹至近干,加入10%(v/v)的乙腈-水溶液涡旋溶解残渣,溶解液过0.22 μm滤膜,上机测定。采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱仪测定,正离子多反应监测(MRM)模式,内标法定量。结果：在优化后的色谱和质谱条件下,灭蝇胺浓度为0～100.0 ng/mL范围内,线性关系良好,相关系数(r)≥0.9977,方法检出限为0.4 μg/kg,基质加标平均回收率为94.8%～97.2%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为3.7%～9.6%。结论：该方法样品前处理简单、分析效率高、净化效果好、操作时间短,可广泛适用于测定鸡蛋中灭蝇胺的残留量。     

QuEChERS-UPLC-MS/MS测定火锅汤料中6种非法添加化学药物

建立采用分散固相萃取前处理结合超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定火锅汤料中6 种解热镇痛类药物(对乙酰氨基酚、氯苯那敏、双氯芬酸钠、阿司匹林、氨基比林、安替比林)的方法。结果表明,样品经0.1%甲酸-乙腈提取,无水硫酸镁和乙酸钠盐析脱水,离心后上层有机相用100 mg乙二胺-N-丙基硅烷(primarysecondary amine,PSA)、100 mg十八烷基硅烷(C18)和50 mg石墨化碳黑(Graphitized carbon blacks,GCB)萃取净化,采用Waters C₁₈色谱柱(50 mm×2.1 mm,1.7 μm)分离,用乙腈和0.1%甲酸水溶液作为流动相梯度洗脱分离,采用电喷雾-正/负离子多反应监测模式检测,外标法定量。在1.0~200 ng/mL(阿司匹林10.0~2000 ng/mL)的质量浓度范围内,6种化学药物的线性决定系数均大于0.99,该方法的检出限在0.05~1.0 μg/kg之间。在火锅汤料进行3 个水平添加实验(n=6),6种化学药物的回收率为72.1%~114.8%,相对标准偏差为0.81%~14.6%。本方法简单快速、准确度好、精密度高,适合于火锅汤料中6 种非法添加化学药物残留量的同时检测。     

亲水作用色谱柱-高效液相色谱法测定鸡蛋中氨丙啉的残留量

目的建立亲水作用色谱柱-高效液相色谱法检测鸡蛋中氨丙啉残留的分析方法。方法样品加入10 mL5%三氯乙酸水溶液进行提取,离心后取一半上清液过HLB柱净化。色谱柱为Poroshell 120 HILIC-Z (100 mm×3.0 mm, 2.7μm),流动相为5 mmol/L乙酸铵-0.1%甲酸水溶液和乙腈,等度洗脱, 5 mmol/L乙酸铵-0.1%甲酸水溶液:乙腈=20:80(V:V),流速为0.4 mL/min,进样量为20μL,检测波长267 nm。结果氨丙啉在0.35～10.0μg/mL呈良好的线性关系, r大于0.999。方法的最低定量限为250μg/kg。氨丙啉在250～2000μg/kg的浓度添加水平上,其回收率在85.0%～96.7%,批内、批间的相对标准偏差小于6%。结论该方法具有简便快捷、灵敏度高等特点,适用于鸡蛋中氨丙啉的残留检测。     

气相色谱-负化学源电离-质谱法测定蔬菜中氟虫腈及其代谢物残留

建立气相色谱-负化学源电离-质谱法测定蔬菜中氟虫腈及其3 种代谢物氟甲腈、氟虫腈砜和氟虫腈亚砜残留量的方法。样品以乙腈提取,QuEChERS方法净化,采用基质校正曲线外标法定量。结果表明,氟虫腈及其代谢物在0.2～10.0 μg/L质量浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系;在1.0、5.0 μg/kg和10.0 μg/kg 3 个添加水平下,氟虫腈及其3 种代谢物的回收率在88.9%～105.8%之间,相对标准偏差在2.2%～7.6%之间;方法的检出限在0.2～0.3 μg/kg之间,定量限为1.0 μg/kg。该方法快速、简便、灵敏、准确,适用于蔬菜中氟虫腈及其代谢物残留的检测。     

PRiME HLB固相萃取结合气相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定酸笋、酸豆角中氟虫腈及其代谢物残留量

目的 建立气相色谱-串联质谱法(gas chromatography- tandem mass spectrometry, GC-MS/MS)测定酸笋、酸豆角中氟虫腈及其代谢物（氟甲腈、氟虫腈硫醚、氟虫腈砜）残留量的分析方法。方法 称取5 g样品（酸笋、酸豆角）,加入10 mL乙酸乙酯及6 g氯化钠振荡提取1 min,离心后取3 mL上清液经PRiME HLB（hydrophilic-lipophilic balanced copolymer）通过式固相萃取柱净化,残留量采用气相色谱-串联质谱法进行检测。结果 本实验建立的氟虫腈及其代谢物残留测定方法,在0.5~10.0 ng/mL线性范围内,相关系数r2均大于0.9994,4种农药分析物在各自浓度范围内均呈现良好线性关系,方法定量限均为1.0 μg/kg。在阴性酸笋、酸豆角中加入低、中、高3个添加水平,平均加标回收率及相对标准偏差分别为91.7%~100.2%、0.7%~10.2%。结论 该方法操作便捷、高效、环境友好,适合于酸笋、酸豆角中氟虫腈及其代谢物残留量的筛查。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the