氨硼烷水解制氢催化剂载体的研究进展

氢由于具有高效率和高功率密度而被认为是一种出色的清洁能源。化学储氢材料要求具有高的氢储存量。氨硼烷具有高氢含量(19.6%),且在普通贮存条件下稳定,被认为是有吸引力的储氢材料之一。由于氨硼烷在常温下不易放氢,故放氢催化剂成为氨硼烷放氢研究的核心技术和主要方向。金属催化剂可以显著提高水解放氢速度,是影响氨硼烷水解放氢的关键因素,但是金属颗粒催化剂一般都存在颗粒粒径生长过快、易团聚等缺点。为了解决这一问题,研究者选择不同的载体来分散催化剂,使催化剂金属分散在载体表面,防止团聚和过快增长,从而暴露更多活性位点,使催化氨硼烷放氢速率更快。文章将针对不同催化剂载体对氨硼烷水解的催化效果进行阐述。     

氮化硼先驱体的合成研究

收ＮＨ４Ｃｌ与ＢＣｌ３反应合成ＴＣＢ，然后与（Ｍｅ３Ｓｉ２）２ＮＨ和ＢＣｌ３在低温下反应获得具有硼氮六元环结构的ＢＮ陶瓷先驱体聚硼氮烷，并用ＩＲ，ＭＳ，ＤＴＡ，ＴＧ等对聚硼氮烷的结构及热稳定性进行了分析表征。结果表明，降低反应温度可提高聚硼氮烷的习率，决定产物溶解性能的主要因素是反应物料的配料比，反应所溶剂对聚硼氮烷的陶瓷产率影响最大。在１００℃下陶瓷产率可达３５－４５％。     

测定挥发性氢化物的新方法

挥发性氢化物是指硼烷、砷烷、磷烷、锑烷、硅烷和硒化氢等。     

一种碳硼烷改性有机硅树脂的制备及其耐热性能

碳硼烷改性有机硅树脂是一种耐热性能优异的高分子材料,具有广阔的应用前景.然而由于聚合单体碳硼烷改性硅氧烷的合成条件苛刻,严重影响碳硼烷改性有机硅树脂的制备和应用.本研究利用羟基与异氰酸酯基间的加成反应,在温和的条件下合成了一种新型结构的碳硼烷改性硅氧烷-碳硼烷改性氨酯桥接丙基三乙氧基硅烷(CBR-Si),在此基础上经水...     

化学气相沉积法制备高纯硼粉的技术进展

高纯硼是高技术和电子信息的重要材料,是军工和高科技不可缺少的一种重要的战略物资.本文阐述了氢和卤化硼、卤化硼及硼烷分别在金属基体表面、硼棒基体表面及采用流化床技术化学气相沉积制备高纯硼粉的几种不同制备方法,分析比较了各方法的优缺点,总结出以硼烷为原料,采用流化床技术可以制备产率高、纯度高的硼粉;探讨了副产物回收方法,并进一步提出将流化床和化学气相沉积技术相结合(FB-CVD),生产高纯硼粉具有高效、经济的特点,并可实现产业化.     

吡啶硼烷改性对沥青性能及组成的影响

以吡啶硼烷为添加剂对煤焦油沥青进行改性,考察了工艺条件（硼添加量,反应温度,反应时间）对改性沥青软化点、残炭值及其族组成的影响,发现吡啶硼烷参与并促进了沥青分子的反应,其结果是随着硼添加量的增加,改性沥青的软化点、残炭值提高,TS组份的含量降低,而PI组份的含量增加,在同一反应条件下,体系有无吡啶硼烷,所得结果有显著差别,吡啶硼烷改性系列的软化点、残炭值及PI组分的含量均明显高于纯沥青系列。     

镍基催化剂催化氨硼烷水解产氢研究进展

氢气作为一种清洁能源,被认为是化石能源最理想的替代者。安全、高效且稳定的储氢材料的开发是当前氢能源应用研究中面临的最大挑战之一。氨硼烷(NH₃BH₃,AB)因其较高的储氢密度(146 g·L^-1,质量分数为19.6%)、安全无毒及高化学稳定性等特性成为一种重要的化学固态储氢材料。氨硼烷水解制氢反应条件温和,但需要在合适的催化剂存在的条件下进行。通过调节催化剂的活性组分、颗粒尺寸、活性组分的分散度、电子结构等,可显著提高氨硼烷水解产氢速率。综述了近年来氨硼烷水解制氢反应中镍基催化剂的研究进展,重点概述了镍单质、镍化合物以及镍合金催化剂在氨硼烷水解产氢中的应用,阐述了氨硼烷水解产氢反应机理,展望了氨硼烷水解产氢的发展趋势以及面临的挑战。     

先驱体法合成氮化硼研究进展

综述了无氧有机先驱体法合成氮化硼的研究进展 ,系统介绍了由硼烷、硼吖嗪、卤化硼合成氮化硼的工艺条件 ,及由这些化合物制备聚合物先驱体的合成途径及其陶瓷转化 ,概述了先驱体法待研究的问题 .     

金属氨硼烷及其衍生物高容量储氢材料研究进展

氨硼烷因其超高的储氢量和较好的动力学性能,成为了最具潜力的储氢材料之一。从合成方法、放氢特性、晶体结构和反应机制等方面,综述了金属氨硼烷及其衍生物的研究进展。     

氨硼烷水解制氢催化剂及其限域载体的形貌可控合成研究进展

氨硼烷具有高储氢含量(19.6%,质量分数),在普通贮存条件下稳定,被认为是最具有潜力的储氢材料之一。氨硼烷在常温下不易放氢,金属催化剂可显著提高水解放氢速度,是影响氨硼烷水解放氢的关键因素,然而金属催化剂纳米颗粒易氧化、易团聚,使用载体可使催化剂金属纳米颗粒分散于载体表面或孔道内部,防止氧化和团聚。催化剂及其载体的整体形貌很大程度决定了催化剂的比表面积、催化剂活性颗粒分布状态,从而影响了反应活性位点的数量及分布状态,对氨硼烷水解催化活性和催化剂的使用寿命具有重要影响,因此本文对氨硼烷水解催化剂及其限域载体的整体形貌按空间维度进行分类归纳,并对其可控合成方法和其对氨硼烷水解催化效果进行综述。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Thixotropy of Systems with Shear Thinning and Plastic Flow Behavior

The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.