非线性混沌系统预测模型与仿真研究

主要研究由非性线混沌时序所确定的动力系统的预测方法及其应用,通过改进的最优化方法来估计模型的参数,并在其相空间中对时序的未来值进行预测,实例仿真,发现选取最佳的模型阶数能增加预测的准确程度,且混沌时序不可能进行长期的预测.     

非线性混沌时序预测研究及应用

混沌是一种普遍存在的非线性动力学行为，针对混沌时间序列的难以预测和控制的问题，提出了基于趋势的混沌预测模型，利用混沌系统的初值、参数敏感性来微调和控制系统扰动。并用改进的最优化方法来估计模型的参数，在其相空间中对时序的未来值进行预测，算例表明。选取最佳的模型阶数能增加预测的准确程度，它不仅克服了仅用延迟嵌入技术的弊端，也降低了直接使用预测误差决定输入模式的盲目性．预测效果比其它时序方法要好．     

非线性混沌时序的神经网络预测与控制算法研究

基于神经网络对时序问题的预测能力，本文提出了将混沌和神经网络相结合，应用神经网络来训练混沌序列的预测模型及方法，实现了将混沌系统快速地稳定到期望点上。理论分析和仿真结果均表明了该方法的有效性，且算法弹性大，可扩充性好，稍作修改后，可适应不同的混沌映射。     

基于径向基神经网络的局域预测法及其应用

一般的加权一阶局域预测法是利用最小二乘法求解模型,从而对混沌时序进行预测。基于径向基神经网络的局域预测法是在加权一阶局域预测模型的理论基础上,应用径向基神经网络代替加权一阶局域预测模型构成了基于径向基神经网络的局域预测模型。通过对Logistic映射以及Lorenz系统的3个分量的混沌时间序列的预测仿真,表明该预测方法对混沌时间序列的预测具有较好的效果。     

基于泛函网络的周期来压预测方法研究

为预测周期来压,构建了基于小波和混沌优化的泛函网络(FN)预测方法。该方法利用小波分解技术将所选的样本集数据分解成不同频率的分量。基于混沌理论对分量相空间进行重构。各重构分量分别使用FN模型进行训练。最后,将各个FN模型得到的预测分量进行小波重组,得到完整的周期来压荷载预测波形。通过在重构时的计算发现,荷载的时序序列有一定的混沌性。通过模拟并与3种其它模型进行比较发现,基于小波和混沌优化FN的预测模型得到的最终周期来压荷载波的精度更高,收敛性也较好,但是,时间成本较大。     

基于QPSO-FNN的混沌时间序列预测

提出一种太阳黑子月均数混沌时序的模糊神经网络预测方法。该方法根据时间序列的延迟因子和饱和嵌入维数重构相空间,利用Lyapunov指数法判别时序系统的混沌特性,采用混合pi-sigma模糊神经推理方法拟合混沌吸引子特性。其中混合pi-sig-ma模糊神经网络以高斯基函数作为模糊子集的隶属度函数,在线动态调整隶属度函数和结论参数,并采用量子粒子群算法(QPSO)优化网络初始参数,提高预测准确度。该模型具有物理意义清晰、预测精度高以及预测结果确定等优点,仿真实验结果证明了该方法的有效性。     

结合混沌预测的改进的OGY 控制方法

提出一种结合混沌预测的改进的OGY方法，首先对OGY方法进行了改进，使其可以稳定一个混沌系统到不同的目标点，然后利用混沌的相空间预测算法，得到系统的状态估计值，进而得到控制量，使混沌系统能较快地进入其控制区间。与通常的混沌控制方法相比，该方法大大加快了混沌系统的稳定过程，仿真结果表明，该方法是有效的。     

基于小波变换和混沌理论的复杂系统状态预测方法研究

应用小波变换和混沌理论对复杂系统状态预测方法进行了研究．首先，应用小波变换对系统的特征参数序列进行分解，得到低频部分和高频部分．然后，对低频部分和高频部分做进一步分析，以确认低频部分和高频部分都存在混沌特性．再应用混沌理论分别建立低频部分和高频部分的预测模型，对低频部分和高频部分进行预测．最后，应用小波理论对混沌模型预测的结果予以重构，实现对系统特征参数序列的预测．实例研究表明，此方法具有较高的预测精度，可有效地应用于复杂系统的状态预测和故障趋势预测分析．     

基于预测控制的混沌系统参数微调控制方法

本文将预测控制理论引入混沌系统的控制研究中，提出一种基于预测控制的混沌系统参数微调控制方法，通过对控制参数进行微调，将模型未知时的混沌运动稳定到系统的不稳定不动点处．与现有同类方法相比，本控制系统具有快得多的响应速度，需要较短的时间就能实现混沌系统的控制．本方法能够控制超混沌系统，算法简便，控制算法的收敛性和控制系统的稳定性能够保证，理论分析和仿真实验都表明了本方法的有效性．     

基于RBF神经网络的混沌时间序列预测

本文提出将径向基函数(RBF)神经网络应用于混沌时间序列的预测,设计了一个三层RBF网络结构.对于三个典型的混沌系统,在不同的噪声水平下,采用RBF网络模型分别进行了预测研究.仿真结果表明,采用RBF网络进行混沌时间序列的预测能够取得比现有其它方法更好的效果.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.