木质素纳米颗粒的可控制备及应用进展

木质素纳米颗粒兼具纳米粒子和木质素分子的结构特性,具有广泛的应用领域。本文综述了木质素纳米颗粒的机械法(包括高压均质法、超声波法、组合法)、纳米沉淀法(包括自组装法、酸沉淀法、透析法)、界面交联与乳液法和生物法的制备方式,并介绍了木质素纳米颗粒在抗菌剂、抗氧化剂、紫外线吸收剂、药物运输载体、纳米填料、催化和传感等方面的应用进展,展望了木质素纳米颗粒的发展方向。     

玉米醇溶蛋白作为传递载体研究进展

玉米醇溶蛋白(Zein)是植物来源天然疏水性大分子,在纯醇水溶液中可自组装形成微球、纳米球、纳米颗粒等结构,是营养物质的良好载体。制备Zein-微胶囊的传统方法有相分离法、喷雾干燥法,新型制备方法有超临界反溶剂法、电喷雾法、静电纺丝、涂膜粉碎法等。利用Zein的结构、理化特性,通过多种方法可进行Zein微粒的制备来包埋营养物质,如油脂、多酚、益生菌及活性肽等。     

表面活性剂助溶体系自组装制备微/纳米木质素及其紫外线防护应用

以碱木质素为原料、不同表面活性剂溶液为溶剂,通过自组装法制备微/纳米木质素,初步探讨了在不同表面活性剂溶液条件下制备微/纳米木质素的最佳pH值、温度和木质素添加量.通过纳米粒度和Zeta电位测定仪、扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪对制得的微/纳米木质素进行表征.结果表明,采用十二烷基硫酸钠制备的微/纳米木质素平均粒...     

明胶纳米颗粒的制备及应用进展

对明胶纳米颗粒(Gelatin nanoparticles,GNPs)的制备方法及其应用进行了概述。目前制备明胶纳米颗粒的方法有去溶剂法、凝聚相分离、反相微乳法、乳液溶剂蒸发法、纳米沉淀和自聚集。明胶具有可生物降解性、生物相容性、可被化学改性和交联的可能性,使以其为基础的纳米颗粒作为递送药物和基因的载体以及在新型Pickering乳液的制备等方面有较好的应用前景。     

家蚕丝蛋白纳米颗粒的研究进展

家蚕丝蛋白由于具有良好的物理、化学和生物学性能,以及其无毒、无害、无免疫原性,与人体有较好的组织相容性等特性,近年来在材料学、化妆护肤品、生物医学等领域有着广阔的应用前景。文中介绍家蚕丝素与丝胶蛋白纳米颗粒的制备方法及其应用,包括相分离法、乳化-溶剂蒸发法、盐析法、电喷法、电场调控法、自组装法、接枝共聚法和纳米混悬法,并指出了现研究阶段存在的问题。     

纳米微胶囊技术及其在食品中的应用

纳米微胶囊通常采用聚合法、界面溶剂交换法和纳米自组装法等合成,比传统的微胶囊具有更好的靶向性和缓释效果.已被应用于食品添加荆、饮料加工、粉末油脂和生物活性物质包埋等领域.简要介绍制备纳米微胶囊的主要方法,并对纳米微胶囊在食品中的应用前景及发展趋势做了展望.     

7S-葡聚糖糖基化产物及其水解物制备纳米颗粒的研究

采用干热法制备β-伴大豆球蛋白(7S)与葡聚糖(67ku)糖基化产物.利用胰蛋白酶对糖基化产物进行限制性酶解,得到了一种具有两亲性结构的水解度(DH)为2.2％的糖基化产物水解物.利用反溶剂法制备了7S、7S-葡聚糖糖基化产物及DH为2.2％的糖基化产物水解物的纳米颗粒,并且考察了戊二醛交联和旋转蒸发去除乙醇对已形成的纳米颗粒的影响.研究了三种纳米颗粒样品的粒度,Zeta-电位和多分散性指数(PDI).实验发现,DH为2.2％的糖基化产物水解物在反溶剂过程中更容易发生自组装,形成的纳米颗粒比7S和7S-葡聚糖糖基化产物形成的纳米颗粒的粒度小、电位绝对值高、PDI值低.     

高粱醇溶蛋白-卡拉胶复合纳米颗粒负载姜黄色素的特性研究

本研究以姜黄色素为芯材,高粱醇溶蛋白为壁材,卡拉胶自组装,采用反溶剂法制备负载姜黄色素的中空和实心复合纳米颗粒,并对其理化性质及体外消化特性进行研究。结果表明,制备中空(C-HNP)和实心纳米颗粒(C-SNP)的最佳芯壁比为1∶10,其粒径约为71 nm和135 nm,电位为-37.7 mV和-38.2 mV,包埋率为89.6%和84.1%,负载率为8.01%和7.49%。透射电镜显示两种纳米粒子呈规则的球形形态,C-HNP具有内部中空结构。红外光谱结果显示复合颗粒中酰胺峰Ⅰ和Ⅱ均发生蓝移,卡拉胶和姜黄色素一些吸收峰发生相应偏移,说明它们与蛋白质分子发生相互作用。体外消化模拟实验显示复合纳米颗粒显著地增加了姜黄色素的体外溶解释放率,C-HNP具有更高的控释能力。结果表明,高粱醇溶蛋白是一种适合疏水性分子包埋与控释的生物原材料。     

木质素纳米颗粒制备及其在水凝胶材料中的应用研究进展

木质素作为可再生天然芳香性高分子生物质资源受到人们越来越多的关注,对木质素高值化利用的研究在不断深入。木质素纳米颗粒（LNP）的制备与应用是实现木质素高值化利用的有效途径,木质素具有环境和生物相容性好、价格低廉且资源丰富等优点,但其固有的异质性、颗粒尺寸较大和分散性差的问题阻碍其应用,木质素纳米化可实现颗粒尺寸大小和形态的可控,LNP的比表面积和表面功能位点增加,相比原始木质素,抗氧化、抗紫外线等能力得到进一步增强,具有广泛的应用前景。本文对LNP的制备以及在水凝胶材料中的应用进行了综述,并对未来发展进行了展望。     

工业木质素的改性与应用研究进展

正通过分离纯化工业木质素,准确测定木质素的理化参数并进行构象拟合,同时深入探究木质素的聚集和解聚机理,在此基础上对木质素进行微结构调控和化学改性,制备不同结构的木质素基两亲聚合物,通过自组装和相转变调控等方法,制备木质素纳米颗粒并探索在不同领域的应用,进一步提升木质素的附加价值,同时不断开拓木质素的应用新领域。随着社会的发展,对资源与能源的需求不断增大,不可再生的化石资源日趋枯竭;同时,开采和利用化石资源造成的生态破坏和环境污染日益严重。生物质资     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press