亚硫酸化结合型加脂剂结构表征及性能的研究

用傅里叶变换红外光谱对亚硫酸化结合型加脂剂合成过程中产生的酰胺化物、酯化物及亚硫酸化物的结构进行了表征 ,同时对亚硫酸化加脂剂乳液上的白色漂浮物的结构也进行了表征 ,还对影响亚硫酸化结合型加脂剂黏度的因素进行了研究     

结合型加脂剂性能与问题的研究

本文对结合型加脂剂的合成工艺、产物状态及稳定性等进行了研究与讨论，提出了结合型加脂剂存在问题的原因及解决的方法与途径。     

亚硫酸化蓖麻油皮革加脂剂的研制

本文以二步法催化氧化新工艺研制氧化亚硫酸化蓖麻皮革加脂剂，找到了催化剂最佳用量，确定了最佳预氧化时间，得到了乳液稳定性好，耐酸碱，耐铬盐的加脂剂产品。     

回收油制备结合型皮革加脂剂

通过对回收油进行酯交换、硫酸化、或进一步亚硫酸化反应，再和多种有效成分复配，制得改性结合型皮革加脂剂。     

关于氧化亚硫酸化技术开发皮革加脂剂的探讨

本文在探讨了氧化亚硫酸化技术开发皮革加脂剂的合成原理以及影响因素基础上，进一步讨论了用该技术制备耐酸加脂剂的情况，并列举了２ 个用该技术合成皮革加脂剂的实例。     

亚硫酸化技术在制备皮革加脂剂中的应用

本文总结了亚硫酸化技术在制备皮革加脂剂中的应用,介绍了亚硫酸化技术的原理及制备实例,并对亚硫酸化技术的应用前景进行了展望。     

猪油制备结合型皮革加脂剂研究

通过猪油进行酯交换、硫酸化、或进一步亚硫酸化反应，再加多种有效成分复配，制得猪油改性结合型皮革加脂剂。     

透明结合型加脂剂的研制

蓖麻油通过酯交换、酯化、亚硫酸化等一系列的反应，制得具有多官能活性基的透明结合型加脂剂。并对合成条件和加脂机理进行了讨论。     

亚硫酸化填充加脂剂SAA的应用研究

SAA是一种亚硫酸化填充型加脂剂，本文对其理化性能，加脂效果，在革中的分布及填充性能等进行了全面考察，实验证明该加脂剂是一种性能优异的亚硫酸化另脂剂，而且其填充性能突出。     

植物油改性制备结合型皮革加脂剂

通过植物油进行酯交换、硫酸化、或进一步亚硫酸化反应，再和多种有效成分复配，制得植物油改性结合型皮革加脂剂。     

结合型加脂剂合成特性及问题的研究

本文分析了结合型加脂剂合成的特点及存在的一些问题，并针对其使用性能的完善提出改进的方法。     

亚硫酸化加脂剂FP-Ⅰ的合成及应用

当天然油脂、聚乙二醇、顺丁烯二酸酐及亚硫酸氢钠的摩尔比为1：3．5：3：3；醇解反应、酯化反应和亚硫酸化反应的温度分别为150℃、90℃及75℃时制得了亚硫酸化加脂剂FP-Ⅰ，用FP-Ⅰ对产物的结构进行了表征，同时进行了亚硫酸化加脂剂FP-Ⅰ的应用实验。     

骨油加脂剂BF—3的制备及应用研究

以骨油为原料，经过醇解、酰胺化、顺酐酯化、亚硫酸化等改性得到了结合型骨油加脂剂，该加脂剂具有原料价廉易得、生产简单无污染、加脂效果好、经济效益高等特点。     

一种新型阳离子蓖麻油加脂剂的合成及性能

蓖麻油与甲醇发生酯交换反应，再与阳离子醚化剂ETA发生醚化反应合成一种蓖麻油的阳离子改性物，并以此为主要成分与其它非离子表面活性剂复配成阳离子型皮革加脂剂。结果表明：此加脂剂具有良好的加脂和渗透性能。     

复鞣加脂剂所用亲油性单体的结构表征

利用傅里叶变换红外光谱对马来酸高碳醇单酯和改性牛蹄油合成中的产物进行结构表征，并初步探讨了改性牛蹄油制备的反应机理。     

Characterization of ketolactia in dairy cows during early lactation

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) allows for the determination of milk acetone (mACE) and β-hydroxybutyrate (mBHB) concentrations, providing a potential herd monitoring tool for hyperketolactia, defined as elevated milk ketone bodies. The study aim was to characterize mACE and mBHB concentration dynamics during early lactation in Polish Holstein-Friesian cows. Milk samples (n = 3,867,390) were collected within 6 to 60 days in milk (DIM) over a 4-yr period (April 1, 2013 to March 31, 2017) from approximately 21,300 dairy herds (average 38.7 cows/herd). Fixed effects of parity, DIM, and their interaction on mACE and mBHB concentrations were determined using a mixed model with a herd-year-season fixed effect and random cow effect. Published hyperketolactic mACE (≥0.15 mmol/L) and mBHB (≥0.10 mmol/L) threshold concentrations were used to classify study milk samples into ketolactia groups of normal (mACE <0.15 mmol/L and mBHB <0.10 mmol/L) and hyperketolactic (HYKL; either mACE ≥0.15 mmol/L or mBHB ≥0.10 mmol/L). Additionally, HYKL samples were categorized into subpopulations as having elevated mBHB and mACE (HYKL_ACEBHB, mACE ≥0.15 mmol/L and mBHB ≥0.10 mmol/L), only elevated mBHB (HYKL_BHB; mACE <0.15 mmol/L and mBHB ≥0.10 mmol/L), or only elevated mACE (HYKL_ACE; mACE ≥0.15 mmol/L and mBHB <0.10 mmol/L). Effects of parity, DIM, ketolactia group or subpopulation, and their interactions on mACE and mBHB concentrations were also determined using the mixed model that included ketolactia group or subpopulation as an independent variable. Across all data, mACE and mBHB concentrations were influenced by effects of parity, DIM, and their interaction as well as parity, DIM, ketolactia group or subpopulation, and their interactions. For all samples, mACE and mBHB concentrations decreased with increasing DIM, with mACE concentration declining more rapidly compared with mBHB. In the data set, 68% and 32% of all samples were defined as normal or HYKL, respectively. Among HYKL samples, mACE was elevated soon after calving and declined over time. In contrast, mBHB started lower after calving and increased reaching peak concentrations around 30 DIM, and then decreased. Within HYKL samples, 50.8, 41.3, and 7.9% were categorized as HYKL_ACEBHB, HYKL_BHB, and HYKL_ACE respectively. Between 6 and 21 DIM, 11.3% of HYKL were classified as HYKL_ACE. Primiparous cows had greater (14.8%) HYKL_ACE samples in this time period. In conclusion, this study has characterized mACE and mBHB concentrations during early lactation and determined effects of parity, DIM, and their interaction. Using published criteria interpreting mACE and mBHB concentrations, it was intriguing to identify a unique population of samples having elevated mACE without mBHB in early lactation, especially in primiparous cows. Further research is needed to determine if this sample population represents an unhealthy metabolic status that adversely affects cow health and performance.     

葡萄糖氧化酶对面团水分状态及蛋白质结构的影响

采用核磁共振和傅立叶变换红外光谱技术,研究了葡萄糖氧化酶(0~0.5%)对面团水分分布状态和蛋白质结构参数变化的影响,并结合面团热力学特性和二硫键含量变化对各实验指标进行相关性分析。结果表明:添加葡萄糖氧化酶可降低面团T2弛豫时间,在0~0.5%范围内,T21和T22呈现先减小后增大的趋势,添加量为0.4%时,T21、T22测定值最小,且添加量与T21和T22具有显著负相关(p0.05);β-折叠片层、β-折叠、α-螺旋、无序结构和β-转角含量先增加后降,且添加量与r具有极显著正相关(p0.01);葡萄糖氧化酶可提高面团糊化温度,增强面团热稳定性,并促使面团体系中的-SH转化为S-S,且对S-S变化影响显著(p0.05);面团中水分迁移与面团糊化温度、二硫键(S-S)含量、α-螺旋、β-转角和无序结构均具有显著相关性(p0.05);团糊化峰值温度(Tp)与S-S、α-螺旋和β-转角具有显著正相关(p0.05)。     

加脂剂在制革中的应用

加脂剂是制革生产中重要的化工材料之一，现代制革技术对加脂剂的品种、性能及质量都提出了越来越高的要求。本文较全面地综述了皮革加脂剂的种类及应用，尤其对国内外常用加脂剂和防水、低雾化性等多功能加脂剂的应用进行了详细的讨论。