基于FBG温度解耦的光纤法布里-珀罗 高温压力传感器

本文提出了一种基于光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)温度解耦方法的光纤法珀(FP)压力传感器,该传感器采用低温共烧陶瓷(LTCC)技术实现批量化制作.通过在膜片式压力传感器的基础上集成光纤布拉格光栅(FBG),实现温度、压力双参数测量;提出温度解耦方法,对传感器进行温度补偿及压力测量结果的修正.实验结果表明,在20～300℃的温度范围内, FBG温度传感器的灵敏度为0.012 nm/℃,在160 kPa的压力范围内,压力测量灵敏度约为0.1μm/kPa, 3次重复实验的重复性误差和非线性误差分别约为5.6%和1.3%,温度系数为0.018μm/℃,压力灵敏度随温度变化为0.283 nm/(kPa·℃),同时,采用温度解耦方法,得到压力计算值与真实值最大偏差小于2.5 kPa.     

基于倾斜光纤光栅的传感解调技术

该文设计了一种基于倾斜光纤光栅（tilted fiber Bragg grating,TFBG）的不受温度影响的光纤布拉格光栅（fiber Brag ggrating,FBG）应变解调系统．将倾斜光纤光栅用作边沿痣波器,当周围环境温度变化时,利用倾斜光纤光栅纤芯模与包层模的温度特性与普通光纤布拉格光栅相同这一特点,无需另加温度补偿,就可以实现FBG应变传感的动态解调,消除温度噪声对应变信号的影响．由实验可知,当温度在25℃到39℃范围变化时,解调系统的性能基本不发生改变,解调范围达到6nm．     

基于超磁致伸缩材料的FBG电流传感器温度特性研究

针对基于超磁致伸缩材料的FBG电流传感器,分析了温度对传感头各个部分和整个传感头的影响,通过试验研究了FBG、Fe—Ga超磁致伸缩棒以及传感头三个部分的温度特性。结果表明,FBG的温度特性为线性,Fe—Ga超磁致伸缩棒以及传感头的温度特性整体为非线性,Fe—Ga超磁致伸缩棒的温度响应大于FBG的温度响应,传感头的温度特性主要取决于Fe—Ga超磁致伸缩棒的温度特性。在26℃到60℃范围内,根据传感头的温度特性,可采取分段补偿的方法消除温度影响,将温度特性分为线性区和非线性区两个范围,分别得到了传感头温度特性拟合方程。     

基于FBG轴向拉力的液位测量传感器

根据光纤布喇格光栅(fiber Bragg grating,FBG)的传感原理,提出了一种基于波纹管结构的FBG液位传感器,利用补偿FBG(FBG1)与液位FBG(FBG2)具有相同的温度灵敏度进行温度补偿,将FBG2固定在波纹管内,液压产生的张力可以使波纹管的自由端产生位移,从而使固定在里面的FBG2产生轴向应变进而影响布喇格中心波长的改变.通过布喇格中心波长的改变来监测液位的变化,在40~340mm的液位变化范围内进行了实验研究.结果表明,光纤布喇格光栅中心反射波长漂移对液位呈现良好的线性关系,线性拟合度大于0.998,灵敏度为15.7pm/cm,理论测量范围可达到3m.说明通过改变波纹管的波纹数目和其他参数,可实现对传感器测量范围和灵敏度的调整,以满足各种应用场合.     

基于级联光栅温度补偿的溶液浓度测量研究

为解决长周期光纤光栅(LPG)折射率测量时的温度交叉敏感问题,利用布喇格光纤光栅(FBG)对环境折射率不敏感的特点,将其与长周期光纤光栅(LPG)级联,构成具有温度补偿的折射率传感方案。实验结果表明：随着温度的变化级联光栅的两个透射谐振波长都有线性变化,而改变溶液折射率时只有一个透射谐振波长改变。因此,可以利用级联光栅对折射率和温度双参量进行同时测量,补偿因温度变化产生的测量误差。     

一种用于低频测量的光纤光栅振动传感器

利用光纤光栅敏感技术,设计了一种用于低频测量的光纤光栅振动传感器.该传感器采用了等强度悬臂梁作为振动传感元件,并在等强度悬臂梁的上下双面优化布置性能匹配的两个光纤光栅,一个为振动敏感测量光栅,另一个为信号匹配滤波解调光栅.该结构设计可以补偿温度的不利影响,同时也提高了传感器信号检测的灵敏度.实测结果表明,该传感器可以用于25 Hz以下的低频目标的振动测量.     

基于数值分析的压力传感器温度补偿方法研究

现有的压力传感器存在温度漂移和非线性等问题。在-40～80℃工作温度下进行压力传感器标定试验,建立一种基于数值分析的结合三次样条插值、最小二乘法、牛顿插值法的压力传感器温度补偿模型,并基于试验标定数据进行仿真,结果表明:采用该压力传感器温度补偿方法后,最大零点偏移和最大灵敏度误差分别为5.597 Pa和0.2%,最大相对误差为0.19%,极大地修正了压力传感器的温度漂移,该温度补偿模型的可行性和实用性得到验证。     

光纤布拉格光栅传感器在温度计量中的应用前景

光纤布拉格光栅传感器(FBG)是波长编码传感器,它将感测到的信息转化为其响应波长的移动,即用波长编码,与光源起伏、光纤弯曲损耗、光纤连接损耗、光波偏振态无关,具有很强的抗干扰能力,可实现分布式多点实时在线传感,适用于温度、应力、应变等物理量的测量。温度传感是FBG最主要和最直接的应用之一。温度对光纤光栅反射波长的影响是由热膨胀     

谐振筒式液体密度传感器的设计

短筒谐振式密度传感器是以短筒谐振管为核心,基于正反馈原理,由激振元件、拾振元件、谐振子和放大电路组成的高品质闭环谐振系统．采用有限元法分析方法,研究计算了圆筒谐振子的静力学特性和模态响应等动力学特性;设计了短筒谐振管传感器和闭环振荡电路及单片机信号处理系统;分析了温度、压力、黏度等因素对测量结果的影响,对传感器进行了标定,并采用温度补偿方法提高了传感器的测量精度．实验表明20℃时传感器测量结果的不确定度为0.96kg／m3．圆筒谐振燃油密度传感器测量精度达到0.4kg,m3．     

光纤Bragg光栅应变传感中的温度补偿技术

本文对光纤光栅传感中的应变和温度交叉敏感问题进行了讨论,在此基础上提出了采用参考光栅实现光纤光栅应变传感时的温度补偿的基本原理和方法,并通过实验进行了验证.理论和实验均证明,本文提出的参考光栅温度补偿法原理简单,而且补偿效果好.     

人体测温光纤光栅温度传感器的研制

针对医疗行业对人体测温的需要,研制了一种以裸光纤Bragg光栅为传感元件的光纤光栅温度传感器,并对其温度特性进行了研究.采用恒温水浴对工作波长为1 557 nm和1 547 nm附近的2只光纤光栅传感器进行温度定标.结果表明,在34～48℃范围内,光纤光栅的中心波长随温度的变化呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数分别为0.998 3和0.997 4,光纤光栅温度传感器的测温标准偏差分别为0.239℃和0.245℃,可应用于医疗中人体温度的实时监测.     

钢条封装的光纤布拉格光栅温度传感器

介绍了光纤布拉格光栅传感器测温的基本原理以及一些布拉格光纤的封装方法,在此基础之上探讨了一种新型的布拉格光纤光栅的封装方法即用钢条对布拉格光纤光栅进行封装,并通过实验对祼光栅和封装后光栅的温度特性进行了研究.实验采用了恒温水浴装置,在25℃至70℃温度范围使用了中心波长为1530.5 nm的光纤布拉格光栅进行测量.先进行了祼光栅的测量,在光栅封装之后又进行了测量.实验结果表明,光纤光栅在封装之后温度灵敏度为裸光栅的2.5倍.其线性拟合度达到0.996.     

Continuous accretion of a composite cylinder

Summary A new model is derived for winding of a composite thick-walled cylinder with finite strains. Continuous growth of a cylinder is treated as a limit of successive accretion of built-up portions (thin-walled shells) consisting of a fiber bundles and resin. Due to preload of fibers, a gradient of pressure arises in the cylinder which causes resin flow. Nonlinear partial differential equations are developed which permit stresses and displacements in a wound cylinder to be determined with account for the material accretion and resin flow. At infinitesimal strains, these equations are reduced to a linear Volterra integral equation for pressure on mandrel. This equation is solved numerically to analyze the effect of material and structural parameters on stresses in a wound cylinder.     

耐温布拉格光栅传感器用纳米蒙脱土改性环氧丙烯酸酯涂层的制备

对纳米蒙脱土(OMMT)进行改性, 用改性后的蒙脱土对环氧丙烯酸酯(EA)涂层进行改性, 并对改性后的OMMT/EA涂层进行了力学性能和热性能测试。研究表明, 加入质量分数2%改性蒙脱土的OMMT/EA涂层性能最好。OMMT的加入可提高涂层的拉伸性能、附着力和硬度, 并有效提高EA涂层的玻璃化温度, 降低其线性热膨胀系数。电镜和XRD分析表明, OMMT在OMMT/EA涂层中以单层片层均匀分布。将涂有该涂层的光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)传感器埋入复合材料中, 经一定温度与压力成型后, 与涂有未改性EA涂层的FBG传感器采集到的信号进行对比, 发现改性后涂层可明显降低FBG传感器信号滞后现象。     

WDM与OTDR结合的弱光栅分布式温度传感网络

提出一种基于弱反射布拉格光栅的新型分布式温度传感网络,将WDM与OTDR相结合,采用WDM技术提高光栅的复用容量,利用OTDR对各个弱光栅进行实时检测,以实现光栅的密集串行复用,并提高空间分辨率。使用可调谐脉冲激光为光源,多组不同中心波长弱光栅等间距刻制在一根光纤上。利用一根光纤刻制的三组反射率为3%,中心波长分别为1544.660nm、1545.802nm和1546.900nm的9个FBG进行了温度实验。实验结果表明,在5～80℃的温度范围内,FBG的中心波长随温度变化呈良好的线性,线性度达到99.6%以上,温度测量的分辨率最高达到0.11℃,空间分辨率可达2m。     

Simultaneous measurement of temperature and pressure by a single fiber Bragg grating with a broadened reflection spectrum

Simultaneous measurement of temperature and pressure with a single fiber Bragg grating (FBG) based on a broadened reflection spectrum is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. A novel double-hole structure of a cantilever beam is designed, and a FBG is affixed on the nonuniform strain area of the cantilever beam. The Bragg reflection bandwidth is sensitive to the spatially gradient strain but is free from the spatially uniform temperature. The wavelength peak shift and the bandwidth broadening of the FBG with a change of temperature and pressure allow for simultaneous discrimination between the temperature and the pressure effects. Standard deviation errors of 1.4 degrees C and 1.8 kPa were obtained with temperature and pressure ranges of 20 degrees C-100 degrees C and 0-80 kPa, respectively. This novel and low-cost sensor approach has considerable potential applications for temperature-insensitive strain measurement.     

变压器绕组热点温度监测技术的研究

设计基于光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)的温度监测系统,实现对变压器绕组热点温度的实时监测.介绍光纤光栅的测温原理,并利用Ansys中的Maxwell和Fluent模块对变压器的电磁场-流体场-温度场进行仿真,得到热点的具体信息,以便在实际测量时,合理放置光纤光栅传感器的位置.使用FBGA解调模块对检测到的光信号进行处理,完成...     

Entire Life Time Monitoring of Filament Wound Composite Cylinders Using Bragg Grating Sensors: III. In-Service External Pressure Loading

This article is the third of three papers describing a study of the monitoring of filament wound composite cylinders for underwater applications. Part I described the technological issues and the development of specimens instrumented with embedded gratings and thermocouples, with the aim of monitoring the temperature and strain changes during the cylinder manufacturing presented in Part II. Residual strains are not negligible, over 1,000 axial micro-strain at the end of the curing cycle. Part III describes the response of these cylinders to hydrostatic pressure loading. The same embedded fiber optical Bragg gratings (FBGs) used for parts I and II of the study are here used as strain gauges. Their response is compared to that of classical resistive strain gages bonded to the inner surface of the tube. Results from these initial tests demonstrate the embedded FBG sensor’s capability to monitor structural health of an underwater structure from fabrication throughout its service life. Embedded instrumentation records strains during pressure cycles up to final failure, without affecting the cylinder response.     

Multiplexed Fiber-Optic Pressure and Temperature Sensor System for Down-Hole Measurement

A fiber Fabry–Perot (F-P) interferometer and a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) based pressure and temperature multiplexing sensor system is presented. This system is designed for high-temperature oil well down-hole permanent monitoring of pressure and temperature. Connecting a FBG temperature sensor and a F-P pressure sensor in series in the sensor head, the sensor system combines the advantages of simple structure of FBG for temperature sensing and high accuracy and low-temperature cross-sensitivity of F-P pressure sensor. Experimental results showed that the temperature measurement accuracy of 0.5$;^{circ}$C and the long-term drift of the air gap of the F-P pressure sensor at 300$;^{circ}$C is less than 0.1% within 300 h time span. This indicates that a long-term pressure measured accuracy of 0.03 MPa has been achieved in pressure gauge range of 0–30 MPa and in temperature variation range between 18 $;^{circ}$C to 300 $;^{circ}$C.