华北地区煤层含气性影响因素探讨

煤层含气性是评价煤层气勘探开发前景的决定性因素之一,影响煤层含气性的因素很多,其中较为重要的因素有煤层上覆有效地层厚度、煤的变质程度、断裂构造、盖层条件及煤层厚度等.对此进行了分析探讨,认为影响煤层含气性的主要地质因素为煤层上覆有效地层厚度和煤的变质程度,次要因素为断裂构造、盖层条件及煤层厚度.     

焦作矿区山西组二1煤层含气量的控制因素探讨

分析了焦作矿区煤层气含量的分布规律 ;探讨了断块构造、煤层埋深、上覆岩层厚度等对煤层气的控制作用 .结果表明 :焦作矿区山西组二1煤煤层气含量较高 ,最高达 3 2 .7m3 /t(daf) ,平均为 1 6 .7m3 /t(daf) ;由于煤变质及其演化、煤层的有效埋藏深度、抬升剥蚀作用和地质构造等因素对煤储层特性产生显著的影响 ,使本区煤层气含量分布具有明显的规律性 ,从西部断块至东部断块煤层气含量由高到低变化 ,且各断块内由浅部向深部逐渐增高 .     

沁水盆地山西组煤储层含气性及控制因素分析

依据实测资料,在统计分析研究区３号煤层含气性特征的基础之上,对控气地质机理进行了探讨,总体上来看,研究区甲烷含量较高高及甲烷浓度较大,而含气饱和度偏低。在埋深１０００ｍ以浅,向盆地内部方向以及随煤层埋深加大,甲烷含量,甲烷浓度和含气孢和度具有增大趋势,显示出埋探控气以及次级向斜相对富气的特点,这种特征可以起源于地质历史时期中煤层抬升卸压过程所导致的煤层气解吸扩散作用。因此,进一步查明次级构造的发育     

煤层气生成及含气量控制因素

利用EASY%Ro数值模拟法,对峰峰东部矿区2号煤煤层热演化史进行模拟及恢复,探讨了峰峰东部矿区2号煤煤层气的生成和演化特点,认为峰峰东部矿区受构造运动及岩浆活动的影响,经历二次生气阶段,早期以区域深成变质作用为主,煤中有机质在深成变质作用下发生一次生气;晚期受岩浆活动的影响,促使该区的煤层进一步变质及煤层气第二次生成。在此基础上分析了研究区含气性及含气性的主要控制因素,包括煤储层顶底板岩性、分布特征、地质构造、岩浆侵入及水文地质条件等引起本区煤层甲烷含量在平面及剖面上分布的不均一性。     

应用BP神经网络预测煤层含气量分布

煤层含气量分布和煤层气富集规律已成为当今重要的科研课题.充分利用BP神经网络具有的非线性映射能力、泛化能力和容错能力,批量数据处理使整体偏差值最小,分组拟合比单个样本拟合效果好的特点预测煤层气含量;煤层含气量在一定范围内变化,于是把煤层含气量作为因变量的数据进行分级预测,并且适当调节样本允许误差且允许个别错误存在,以减少模型整体误差.煤层的埋深、镜质组、灰分和挥发分为影响QP区块的主要因素,将这4个影响因素作为变量建立BP神经网络模型,调节网络模型各项参数,分配不同学习训练样本、检验样本和坚持样本以找出合理的神经网络学习训练结构.再与地质统计学和克里金插值法有机结合来预测煤层含气量分布规律和探索煤层气富集规律.     

杭锦旗地区上古生界油气显示层含气性分析

钻探表明,杭锦旗地区上古生界油气显示十分普遍且具有连片性.经对试气层段与典型气层和致密层分析,认为该区有一个明显特征:岩石胶结物的质量分数控制着储集层物性及孔隙结构的发育程度并对测井响应有一定影响,微孔喉制约着储层含气性.运用“声波时差”含气性识别法对该区油气显示层进行识别,结合试气成果拟定油气显示层含气性识别参数(半)定量标准,进而对该区油气显示层进行评价和试气分析,以此了解油气层空间展布特征和产能影响因素.     

杭锦旗地区上古生界油气显示层含气性分析

钻探表明,杭锦旗地区上古生界油气显示十分普遍且具有连片性．经对试气层段与典型气层和致密层分析,认为该区有一个明显特征：岩石胶结物的质量分数控制着储集层物性及孔隙结构的发育程度并对测井响应有一定影响,微孔喉制约着储层含气性．运用“声波时差”含气性识别法对该区油气显示层进行识别,结合试气成果拟定油气显示层含气性识别参数（半）定量标准,进而对该区油气显示层进行评价和试气分析,以此了解油气层空间展布特征和产能影响因素．     

郑庄东大井区煤层含气量主控地质因素

以郑庄区块东大井区为主要研究对象,综合运用实验测试数据、煤田钻孔及煤层气井资料,并结合沉积、构造和地下水动力的原理和方法,深入分析了该区煤层含气量分布和主控地质因素。研究结果表明:研究区煤层含气量较高,总体呈自东向西逐渐增大的趋势,且主要受煤层埋藏深度、地质构造和水动力条件三个因素控制。即煤层埋深对含气量分布具有较好的控制作用,总体上含气量高值区大都位于北部深埋区域;地质构造对含气量的影响主要表现为次级构造叠加在煤层埋深影响的总体背景之上导致含气量展布复杂化;北部地区水动力条件对煤层气的运移和富集具有显著的控制作用,是影响煤层含气量展布的主要因素;而南部地区则由于埋深和断层等因素的影响,从而导致水动力条件与煤层含气量的相关性不太明显。     

基于PNN的多地震属性砂体含气性预测方法及应用

苏里格气田东区盒8段和山西组砂体含气后与泥岩阻抗值差别较小,直接用波阻抗反演预测含气性可靠性较差.本文通过分析有效储层的测井响应特征,虚拟含气性指示曲线Psg,筛选地震属性并进行相关性分析,建立了一种由测井和多地震属性组成的概率神经网络方法,来对储层的含气性进行预测,避免了单属性多解性和多属性综合判别精度低的缺点.在苏...     

白额地区2#煤层气藏成藏控制因素分析

在分析白额地区2^#煤储层空间发育特征、储层物性特征、含气量分布特征及区域构造背景的基础上,对煤层气成藏控制因素进行分析。结果表明:构造演化史直接控制着煤储层埋藏史及生烃史,是煤层气成藏主控因素;地下水水动力特征和围岩封闭特征决定了煤层气藏的保存条件,是煤层气成藏的关键;综合以上特征,可以得出2^#煤煤层气藏为单斜-水动力封堵型煤层气藏。     

Exploitation technology of pressure relief coalbed methane in vertical surface wells in the Huainan coal mining area

Exploitation technology of pressure relief coalbed methane in vertical surface wells is a new method for exploration of gas and coalbed methane exploitation in mining areas with high concentrations of gas, where tectonic coal developed. Studies on vertical surface well technology in the Huainan Coal Mining area play a role in demonstration in the use of clean, new energy re-sources, preventing and reducing coal mine gas accidents and protecting the environment. Based on the practice of gas drainage engineering of pressure relief coalbed methane in vertical surface wells and combined with relative geological and exploration en-gineering theories, the design principles of design and structure of wells of pressure relief coaibed methane in vertical surface wells are studied. The effects of extraction and their causes are discussed and the impact of geological conditions on gas production of the vertical surface wells are analyzed. The results indicate that in mining areas with high concentrations of gas, where tectonic coal developed, a success rate of pressure relief coalbed methane in surface vertical well is high and single well production usually great. But deformation due to coal exploitation could damage boreholes and cause breaks in the connection between aquifers and bore-holes, which could induce a decrease, even a complete halt in gas production of a single well. The design of well site location and wellbore configuration are the key for technology. The development of the geological conditions for coalbed methane have a sig-nificant effect on gas production of coalbed methane wells.     

乡宁矿区煤储层地质特征研究

煤层气富集成藏受煤储层地质特征的制约。通过对大量实验测试数据的分析与对比,研究了乡宁矿区煤层气成藏基础地质特征,主要包括煤储层发育特征、煤岩学特征、煤化学与工艺特征及煤级与煤相特征等。结果表明,本区主要煤层煤空间展布稳定、累计厚度大、煤质好、热演化程度高,具备煤层气成藏的基础条件。     

Seismic studies of coal bed methane content in the west coal mining area of Qinshui Basin

The coal bed methane content (CBMC) in the west mining area of Jincheng coalfield, southeastern Qinshui Basin, is studied based on seismic data and well-logs together with laboratory measurements. The results show that the Shuey approximation has better adaptability according to the Zoeppritz equation result; the designed fold number for an ordinary seismic data is sufficient for post-stack data but insufficient for pre-stack data regarding the signal to noise ratio (SNR). Therefore a larger grid analysis was created in order to improve the SNR. The velocity field created by logging is better than that created by stack velocity in both accuracy and effectiveness. A reasonable distribution of the amplitude versus offset (AVO) attributes can be facilitated by taking the AVO response from logging as a standard for calibrating the amplitude distribution. Some AVO attributes have a close relationship with CBMC. The worst attribute is polarization magnitude, for which the correlation coefficient is 0.308; and the best attribute is the polarization product from intercept, of which the correlation coefficient is ?0.8136. CBMC predicted by AVO attributes is better overall than that predicted by direct interpolation of CBMC; the validation error of the former is 14.47%, which is lower than that of the latter 23.30%. CBMC of this area ranges from 2.5 m³/t to 22 m³/t. Most CBMC in the syncline is over 10 m³/t, but it is below 10 m³/t in the anticline; on the whole, CBMC in the syncline is higher than that in anticline.     

磁西勘查区主采煤层煤层气赋存特征

据勘探研究磁西勘查区主采煤层既是煤层气源岩,又是其储集层,煤层有机显微组分以镜质组为主,煤的变质程度为中~高变质的烟煤~无烟煤,生气量较高,为高瓦斯矿区。本区以正断层为主,断层使煤层与泥质岩层接触,具有一定的封闭性。煤层埋深较大,主采2号煤层直接顶板为泥岩、粉砂岩,岩性致密,透气性较差,有利于煤层气资源的保存,从而使煤层气含量升高。     

煤层气勘探开发一体化经济评价模型

我国目前还处于煤层气商业开发初期,经济评价刚刚起步,迫切需要根据我国煤层气开发的行业政策,建立煤层气经济评价的方法体系,为煤层气大规模开发提供决策依据.根据煤层气开发工程的特点及中国煤层气勘探开发现状,提出一套较为完整的适合于我国的煤层气开发项目的经济评价模型.分别从固定资产投资、采气成本预测、税收以及销售收入等方面作了详细论述.采用财务内部收益率、财务净现值、投资回收期、投资利润率和投资利税率5个经济指标评价煤层气商业开发的可行性.     

Evaluation and intelligent deployment of coal and coalbed methane coupling coordinated exploitation based on Bayesian network and cuckoo search

Coal and coalbed methane (CBM) coordinated exploitation is a key technology for the safe exploitation of both resources. However, existing studies lack the quantification and evaluation of the degree of coordination between coal mining and coalbed methane extraction. In this study, the concept of coal and coalbed methane coupling coordinated exploitation was proposed, and the corresponding evaluation model was established using the Bayesian principle. On this basis, the objective function of coal and coalbed methane coordinated exploitation deployment was established, and the optimal deployment was determined through a cuckoo search. The results show that clarifying the coupling coordinated level of coal and coalbed methane resource exploitation in coal mines is conducive to adjusting the deployment plan in advance. The case study results show that the evaluation and intelligent deployment method proposed in this paper can effectively evaluate the coupling coordinated level of coal and coalbed methane resource exploitation and intelligently optimize the deployment of coal mine operations. The optimization results demonstrate that the safe and efficient exploitation of coal and CBM resources is promoted, and coal mining and coalbed methane extraction processes show greater cooperation. The observations and findings of this study provide a critical reference for coal mine resource exploitation in the future.     

沁水盆地南部煤层气井网排采压降漏斗的控制因素

以平面径向渗流理论及压降叠加原理为基础,依据沁水南部煤层气生产区块15口排采井生产数据,建立了井网排采条件下排水阶段至产气初期煤层气井压降漏斗的计算模型,应用Matlab数学软件实现了煤层气井压降漏斗的可视化模型.在分析了排水阶段至产气初期煤层气井压降漏斗的形状及演化特征的基础上,提出了单井压降漏斗形状的界定方法和压降漏斗叠加程度的评价方法,讨论了压降漏斗形状的控制因素.研究结果表明：排水阶段至产气初期,煤储层渗透率小于8×10-3μm2、地下水位高度高于680m、日排水量低于3m3/d时,产气量一般高于250m3/d,泄流半径与压降漏斗深度的比值一般小于40,泄流半径较小,煤储层压力降幅较大,压降漏斗属于第1种类型;煤储层渗透率大于8×10-3μm2、地下水位高度低于680m、日排水量小于3m3/d时,产气量一般低于250m3/d,泄流半径与压降漏斗深度的比值一般大于40,泄流半径较大,煤储层压力降幅较小,压降漏斗属于第2种类型;叠加区最大半径与井距的比值越大,压降叠加程度越高,叠加区域的面积越大,压降漏斗范围内煤储层压力的下降幅度也越大.排水阶段至产气初期,渗透率越低、地下水流体势越大、排水量越小、压降叠加程度越高,泄流半径与压降漏斗深度的比值就越小,越有利于产气初期煤层气产出.