赖氨酸化甲胺磷的合成与鉴定

甲胺磷是一种高效剧毒有机磷农药,为了建立其免疫快速分析方法,合成赖氨酸化甲胺磷中间体是制备高质量甲胺磷人工抗原、抗甲胺磷抗体的前提。用O,S-二甲基硫代磷酰氯与赖氨酸直接反应,通过元素分析、红外光谱和质谱方法对赖氨酸化甲胺磷进行鉴定。     

赖氨酸化甲胺磷的合成与鉴定

甲胺磷是一种高效剧毒有机磷农药,为了建立其免疫快速分析方法,合成赖氨酸化甲胺磷中间体是制备高质量甲胺磷人工抗原、抗甲胺磷抗体的前提。用0,5-二甲基硫代磷酰氯与赖氨酸直接菠应,通过元素分析、红外光谱和质谱方法对赖氨酸化甲胺磷进行鉴定。     

四氯甲胺磷的合成及杀虫活性

[目的]设计并合成新型甲胺磷衍生物。[方法]在温和条件下,甲胺磷与三氯乙醛反应,再经氯化亚砜氯化得四氯甲胺磷。[结果]通过1H NMR和MS确定了化合物的结构,并进行了生物活性测试。四氯甲胺磷在1.3 mmol/L的浓度下对橘全爪螨、菜青虫的致死率分别为32%和42%。[结论]四氯甲胺磷对橘全爪螨、菜青虫具有较好的杀虫活性。     

河北省石油化学工业研究所试制甲胺磷缓释剂已经鉴定

在国民经济进行调整,向四化进军的征途中,河北省石油化学工业研究所最近研制成功了甲胺磷缓释剂并于一九八○年十二月通过了鉴定。甲胺磷缓释剂是控制农药释放技术的一种新型加工剂型。这种药剂系采取物理化学方法,用浸渍法的制备工艺把甲胺磷原油吸附于载体上,得到产品为15—20％的甲胺磷缓释剂。该制剂是种高效内吸性强的杀虫剂,使用时甲胺磷可缓慢地释放出来,起到防治地下害虫的作用。用拌种的方法,通过室内、外毒效     

甲胺磷重异构化的探讨

后异构化法生产甲胺磷是酰胺在硫酸二甲酯催化作用下发生异构化而生成甲胺磷: 该异构化反应于70℃左右达到动态平衡。根据目前生产情况分析,85％的酰胺能异构成68％含量的甲胺磷,尚有15％左右的酰胺未转化,甲胺磷与酰胺之比例为4.67:1。若能有一种简单易行的方法分离甲胺磷与酰胺,然后使酰胺重新异构化,是提高甲胺磷生产收率的好途径。     

~(35)S-甲胺磷不同使用时期、使用次数在水稻上残留的研究

甲胺磷是一种内吸性的有机磷杀虫剂。据报导甲胺磷有较好的杀虫效果,而其对温血动物急性毒性高。甲胺磷在水稻上吸收、运转及残留动态,尚未见报导。为了在农业上合理安全使用,我们利用~(35)S-甲胺磷对其在水稻上的吸收、运转及残留动态作了初步试验,现将结果简报如下: 试验材料、内容和方法一、试验材料 (1)25％~(35)S-甲胺磷乳剂的配制: ~(35)S-甲胺磷由本室农药一组合成,~(35)S-甲     

有机磷杀虫剂乙酰甲胺磷的进展和应用

乙酰甲胺磷是一种高效、低毒、广谱、内吸性有机磷杀虫剂,是替代甲胺磷等高毒杀虫剂的较好药剂。论述了乙酰甲胺磷的进展、剂型、应用和发展趋势,基于安全和环保性指出乙酰甲胺磷最适合加工为固体产品,其中SP或SG成为主力产品。同时注意到乙酰甲胺磷产品在降解过程中能代谢产生甲胺磷,因此一些国家已经开始禁用或限用乙酰甲胺磷产品。     

废水中甲胺磷的快速测定及处理

以薄层—碘量法 ,钠氏试剂法和气相色谱法三种方法对甲胺磷的含量进行了测定。以气相色谱法作为对照 ,采用活性炭、阳离子交换树脂、GDX 5 0 2和灰煤等四种物质处理甲胺磷废水 ,选择了最佳处理方案 ,废水中甲胺磷的去除率达 90 %以上。     

分子印迹聚合物微球的制备

分别以甲胺磷、乙酰甲胺磷为印迹分子,α-甲基丙烯酸为功能单体,三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯为交联剂,悬浮聚合法制得甲胺磷、乙酰甲胺磷分子印迹微球。     

期待乙酰甲胺磷在我国成长为万吨级大品种

正杀虫剂乙酰甲胺磷在我国很有希望成长为万吨级农药大品种。1乙酰甲胺磷概况1.1研发与生产乙酰甲胺磷是高毒有机磷杀虫剂甲胺磷低毒化衍生物中最早、最成功的品种。甲胺磷1970年报道,     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。