冷喷涂技术的研究进展与应用

近年来,冷喷涂技术是一门备受关注的新兴技术,冷喷涂过程中超音速金属粒子以固态形式碰撞基体后产生剧烈的塑性变形从而形成沉积。 由于冷喷涂的沉积可以实现连续堆积而逐层增厚,从而使该技术从一种涂层加工技术发展成为一种快速的增材制造技术。 经历了 30 多年的迅猛发展,冷喷涂技术的研究方向正在从基础理论研究转变到应用开发,其中一些应用已经实现工业化量产。 文中介绍了冷喷涂的技术及工程化应用特点,展示了典型冷喷涂涂层性能等基础研究以及冷喷涂涂层应用等开发方面的工作,并且重点介绍了冷喷涂技术在航空航天、能源动力、电子电力、增材制造等领域的应用研究方面所取得的一些新进展。     

光电功能晶体材料研究进展

光电功能晶体,包括激光晶体、非线性光学晶体、电光晶体、介电体超晶格、闪烁晶体和PMN-PT驰豫电单晶等,在高技术发展中具有不可替代的重要作用。近年来,我国在这些重要晶体材料的生长、基础研究和应用方面都获得了很大成绩。综述了光电功能晶体材料研究和应用的部分进展。在此基础上,提出进一步发展晶体理论,扩大理论的应用范围,注重晶体生长基本理论研究,发展新的晶体生长方法和技术,加强晶体生长设备研制,加强晶体从原料到加工、后处理、检测及镀膜等全过程的结合等建议,以全面提高我国光电功能晶体研究发展及其产业化水平。     

Using the finite element method in metal-forming processes

In recent years, finite element methods have been used extensively in the metal-forming industry. In the rigid-viscoplastic domain, the finite element method is being utilized as a forming process simulation tool, and in elastic and thermal domains, the method is being applied in forming tooling design. Such applications of the finite element method have enabled a more scientific approach to forming process development and trouble shooting. The capabilities and applications of the finite element methods in optimizing and developing metal-forming processes are presented with an emphasis on steel forging processes for automotive parts.     

伺服成形技术及其若干发展动向

伺服压力机是近年来塑性成形领域最重大的创新之一,将伺服压力机以及基于伺服压力机的成形工艺统称为伺服成形技术.简要介绍了伺服成形技术的特点和目前的应用情况,重点论述了该技术当前的若干发展新动向,包括伺服压力机设计方法的研究、新型功能部件和储能技术开发、滑块运动路径设计与优化、伺服成形机理及成形过程的数值模拟、智能制造中的...     

On the evaluation of superplastic characteristics using the finite element method

In recent years, there has been a considerable interest in the application of superplastic forming in the aircraft and automotive industries to realize complex parts. This requires a detailed design of the technological process in order to better exploit its peculiar potentialities. Nowadays, the finite element method represents the mainly used technique to plan the sheet metal forming processes whose simulation requires determination of material constants for superplastic materials. The aim of the present work is aimed to show a simple method to characterize superplastic materials. In this study, constant pressure free bulging for superplastic materials is analysed by finite element method and expressions to determine the constants of the superplastic materials have been proposed. In order to support the proposed method, numerical and experimental activities have been carried out which show the good reliability of values obtained from proposed expressions.     

飞机天线罩成形模具型面修正技术研究

飞机复合材料天线罩是雷达的防护部件,为雷达提供了发射和接收电磁的窗口.针对飞机复合材料天线罩在加热固化成形过程中的变形问题,在原材料、成形设备和成形工艺不变的情况下,在模具设计时对天线罩固化过程中的变形进行补偿.通过成形后天线罩外形数据与天线罩理论数据的匹配,算出天线罩成形过程中的变形量,在天线罩成形模具设计时就对模具...     

Examination of superplastic forming combined with diffusion bonding for titanium: Perspective from experience

Superplastic forming (SPF) combined with diffusion bonding (DB) has been used successfully for the fabrication of titanium aerospace hardware. Many of these applications have been for military aircraft, whereby a complex built-up structure has been replaced with monolithic parts. Several methods for applying the two- and four-sheet titanium SPF/DB processes have been devised, including the welding of sheets prior to forming and the use of silk-screened stop-off (yttria) to prevent bonding where it is undesirable. Very little progress has been made in the past few years toward understanding and modeling the SPF/DB process using constitutive equations and data by laboratory testing. Concerns that engineers face in designing for fatigue life, acceptable design loads, and damage tolerance are currently being studied, but the database is very limited. This is a summary of past work found in the literature and forms the foundation for additional research. This paper was presented at the International Symposium on Superplasticity and Superplastic Forming sponsored by the Manufacturing Critical Sector at the ASM International AeroMat 2004 Conference and Exposition, June 8–9, 2004, in Seattle, WA. The symposium was organized by Daniel G. Sanders, The Boeing Company.     

Application of electromagnetic-assisted stamping (EMAS) technique in incremental sheet metal forming

The application of high velocity electromagnetic-assisted stamping (EMAS) technique in incremental sheet metal forming has been proposed. EMAS whose principle is based on Lorenz force is a hybrid forming process that uses both quasi-static conventional stamping technique and electromagnetic forming actuators built into sharp corners and other difficult-to-form contours to form metals. The recent push to use more artificial intelligent (AI) aluminum alloys in automobile and aircraft industries as a result of increasing demand for fuel efficient cars and aircrafts, large size vehicle panels, improved formability limit of materials and weight reduction have placed EMAS as one of the best high velocity forming technique.It is believed that the end result of this vision will lead to more cost effective land and aerospace vehicles.     

Investigation of material deformation mechanism in double side incremental sheet forming

Double side incremental forming (DSIF) is an emerging technology in incremental sheet forming (ISF) in recent years. By employing two forming tools at each side of the sheet, the DSIF process can provide additional process flexibility, comparing to the conventional single point incremental forming (SPIF) process, therefore to produce complex geometries without the need of using a backing plate or supporting die. Although this process has been proposed for years, there is only limited research on this process and there are still many unanswered open questions about this process. Using a newly developed ISF machine, the DSIF process is investigated in this work. Focusing on the fundamental aspects of material deformation and fracture mechanism, this paper aims to improve the understanding of the DSIF process. Two key process parameters considered in this study include the supporting force and relative position between master and slave tools. The material deformation, the final thickness distribution as well as the formability under varying conditions of these two process variables are investigated. To obtain a better understanding from the experimental results, an analytical model has been developed to evaluate the stress state in the deformation zone. Using the developed model, an explicit relationship between the stress state and key process parameters can be established and a drop of stress triaxiality can be observed in the double contact zone, which explains the enhanced formability in the DSIF process. Based on the analytical and experimental investigation, the advancements and challenges of the DSIF process are discussed with a few conclusions drawn for future research.     

Recent developments of rotary forming in Japan

Rotary forming is a method of forming various axisymmetric profiles by a rotary compressive process. This process has developed into an advanced technology capable of producing an ever growing range of products due to the recent developments of rotary forming machines. The recent trends of research and development of rotary forming in Japan are described.